Diagnostic and Prognostic ability of salivary MMP-9 and S100A8 for periodontitis.

OBJECTIVES: Salivary diagnostic using matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) and S100 for periodontitis is a promising issue. However, its prognostic effect is still unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the prognostic ability of salivary MMP-9 and S100A8 for periodontitis through non-surgical periodontitis treatment clinical trial. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Total 149 participants, 99 periodontitis and 50 healthy, were recruited. Among 99 non-surgical periodontitis treatment participants, 74 participants were revisited after three months. Periodontitis was classified as stage II-IV of new classification of periodontitis proposed at 2018. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit was used to quantify salivary MMP-9 and S100A8. Receiver operating characteristic curve was applied for diagnostic ability. Paired t test was applied for prognostic ability evaluating changes in salivary markers between pre- and post-treatment. RESULTS: Salivary MMP-9 and S100A8 were associated with periodontitis (p < .05). The screening ability of algorithm using salivary MMP-9 and S100A8 for periodontitis was 0.86 (p < .05). After treatment, reduction rate of salivary S100A8 and MMP-9 was 83.7% and 23.5%, respectively, (p < .05): only salivary S100A8 was superior compared to clinical parameters. CONCLUSION: Algorithm using salivary MMP-9 and S100A8 showed high diagnostic power for periodontitis. Both salivary S100A8 and MMP-9 showed prognostic ability for periodontitis, but S100A8 was better.

Diagnostic ability of salivary matrix metalloproteinase-9 lateral flow test point-of-care test for periodontitis.

AIM: This cross-sectional study aimed to examine the diagnostic ability of salivary matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 lateral flow test (LFT) point-of-care (POC) kit and develop an algorithm for diagnosis of periodontitis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Through Seoul National Dental Hospital, 137 participants (46 LFT negatives, 91 LFT positives) were recruited. For salivary diagnostics, 150 µl of the unstimulated saliva was applied to LFT-POC kit. To make a diagnosis of periodontitis, stage II-IV in modified new international classification system was used. Covariates encompassing age, sex, smoking and obesity were evaluated through face-to-face interview. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used for quantification of salivary MMP-9. To develop a diagnostic algorithm, multivariable logistic regression analysis was used. Receiver operating characteristic curve was applied for evaluating diagnostic ability. RESULTS: Diagnostic ability of salivary MMP-9 LFT-POC test was 0.82 (sensitivity of 0.92, specificity of 0.72) in total participants. Diagnostic algorithm using POC test resulted in a response equation, that is algorithm score = -3.675 + 2.877*LFT + 0.034*age + 0.121*sex + 0.372*smoking + 0.192*obesity. Diagnostic ability of the algorithm was 0.88 (sensitivity of 0.92, specificity of 0.85) with cut-off score of 0.589. CONCLUSIONS: Salivary MMP-9 LFT-POC kit showed appropriate diagnostic ability for periodontitis and would be an efficient tool for screening of periodontitis.

Anti-arthritic effect of ginsenoside Rb1 on collagen induced arthritis in mice.

BACKGROUND: The development of orally bioavailable, inexpensive inhibitors of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha is desirable for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). OBJECTIVE: To show the efficacy of ginsenoside Rb1 (G-Rb1), a ginseng extract, on the inhibition of TNF-alpha upregulation and on the inhibition of collagen induced arthritis (CIA). METHODS: Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), chondrocytes and fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) were stimulated with interferon(IFN)-gamma, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or interleukin-1 in the presence or absence of G-Rb1. The concentrations of (TNF)-alpha in the culture supernatants were determined by ELISA. CIA was induced in DBA/1J mice and G-Rb1 was prophylactically administered from day 20 until day 39 following immunization. Histopathologic changes were scored, and the expression of TNF-alpha was evaluated by immunohistochemistry. RESULT: G-Rb1 significantly inhibited TNF-alpha upregulation in PBMCs, FLS and chondrocytes induced by IFN-gamma, LPS or IL-1. Administration of G-Rb1 resulted in a significant amelioration of the clinical arthritis score in the CIA mice. Histology revealed that G-Rb1 reduced cell infiltration and cartilage destruction in the arthritic joint, which was accompanied by a significant decrease in TNF-alpha expression. CONCLUSION: The utilization of G-Rb1 is a feasible approach to the treatment of RA or other diseases characterized by upregulation of TNF-alpha.