Contexto epidemiológico de la periodontitis apical en asistentes a Odontosánitas Bogotá, 2011-2016 / Epidemiological context of apical periodontitis in attendees to Odontosánitas Bogotá, 2011-2016

Introducción:La periodontitis apical (PA) como enfermedad prevalente conecta la salud oral al estado general del individuo. Se pretendió caracterizar bajo un contexto epidemiológico integral la presencia de PA en una población de una clínica de Odontosánitas en Bogotá.Materiales y métodos:Este estudio transversal incluyó registro retrospectivo documental de 3981 pacientes asistentes al servicio de endodoncia. La condición periapical; ausencia o presencia de PA, fue registrada clínica y radiográficamente. Como variables sociodemográficas e individuales: sexo, edad, procedencia, tipo de aseguramiento, tipo y localización del diente. La condición médica incluyó presencia o ausencia de enfermedades sistémicas, el consumo de medicamentos y hábito de fumar. Se estimó un cálculo de 345 pacientes, con un índice de prevalencia de 43,6%. Análisis uni/bivariados, registraron la prevalencia. Un modelo multivariado de correspondencias múltiples (ACM), identificó espacialmente, la asociación y la frecuencia de los factores analizados.Resultados:Un total de 378 asistentes con una prevalencia de PA del 51,6% [IC 95% (46,5 %, 56,6%)] y 48.98 años de edad promedio. A partir de la PA, se observó mayor prevalencia en mujeres (51,8%), molares (40%) y maxilar superior (63,3%).Discusión:El ACM, identificó que la PA se distribuyó equitativamente entre las variables, sin establecer asociación entre la PA y la condición sistémica. (AU)

Periapical periodontitis (PP), as a prevalent disease, connects oral health to the individual health condition. It was intended to characterize the presence of PP in a population of an Odontosánitas clinic center-Bogotá under a comprehensive epidemiological context. A Cross-sectional study that included the retrospective documentary registry of 3981 patients attending the endodontic service. The periapical condition, absence or presence of PP, was recorded clinically and radiographically asexplanatory variable. As sociodemographic and individual variables: sex, age, local area, type of insurance, and tooth. Medical condition included the presence or absence of systemic diseases, association with the type of medicine, and smoking. Calculation of 345 patients was estimated, with a prevalence rate of 43,6%. Uni / bivariate analysis recorded the prevalence. A multivariate multiple correspondence analysis (MCA) spatially identified the association and frequency of the factors analyzed.A total of 378 attendees were included, with a prevalence of PP of 51,6% [95% CI (46,5%, 56.6%)] and a mean age of 48,98 years. From the PP, it was observed higher prevalence in women (51,8%), molars (40%), and maxilla (63,3%). The MCA identified that the PP was equally distributed among the variables, without establishing an association between the PP and the systemic condition. (AU)

[Manual single infusion of combined remifentanil and propofol for anesthesia during laparoscopic gynecology procedures: a case series]. / Infusión manual única de remifentanil y propofol para anestesia en cirugía laparoscópica ginecológica: serie de casos.

OBJECTIVE: To describe a single manual infusion technique for total intravenous anesthesia with remifentanil and propofol. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Descriptive study of a series of 30 women classified as ASA 1 or 2 who received total intravenous anesthesia by means of a single manual infusion of a combination of remifentanil and propofol for laparoscopic gynecology procedures. The patients received 5 microg of remifentanil plus 2 mg of propofol per milliliter of normal saline solution. The rate of infusion was established according to remifentanil requirements and modified in accordance with the bispectral (BIS) index. RESULTS: Sufficient hemodynamic stability was maintained in all patients, with BIS values between 40 and 60. The average time until awakening was 5.2 minutes after the anesthetic infusion had been halted. CONCLUSIONS: Total intravenous anesthesia by means of a single manual infusion of remifentanil and propofol provided appropriate anesthetic and surgical conditions, with rapid, predictable awakening.

Rumbo a lo desconocido: destino final de los resúmenes presentados a un congreso de reumatología / The twilight zone: final fate of abstracts presented at a rheumatology congress

Objetivo: Conocer el destino final de los resúmenes presentados al XXII Congreso de la Sociedad Española de Reumatología (SER) celebrado en Zaragoza en el año 1996. Material y métodos: Se investigó la publicación en revistas incluidas en MEDLINE de todas las comunicaciones libres, orales o póster, presentadas al XXII Congreso de la SER y publicados en forma de resumen en la REVISTA ESPAÑOLA DE REUMATOLOGÍA (1996;23[5]:153-216). La búsqueda se basó en los nombres de los autores, sin límite de idioma o tipo de publicación. Se obtuvieron el año y la revista de publicación y el resumen de ésta. Se calculó el intervalo entre la comunicación en el congreso y la ulterior publicación. Resultados: Se revisaron 249 resúmenes: 200 (80 por ciento) pósters y 49 (20 por ciento) orales. Se publicaron en revistas biomédicas incluidas en la base de datos MEDLINE, 52 resúmenes (21 por ciento). El intervalo entre su presentación en el congreso y su publicación fue de 18,5 meses (0-51). Las revistas de reumatología fueron el destino final de un 63 por ciento de las publicaciones realizadas. El factor impacto total fue de 163,58. Conclusiones: El 21 por ciento de los resúmenes científicos presentados en el XXII congreso de la SER se publicó en revistas biomédicas incluidas en MEDLINE. El factor impacto total fue de 163,58 (AU)

The role of prisons in the HIV epidemic among female injecting drug users.

The objective of this study was to describe factors associated with imprisonment of female injecting drug users (IDUs) and to assess if female IDUs who have been in prison have different HIV risk behaviours when compared to females IDUs who have never been incarcerated. A seroepidemiological survey was conducted of 304 female IDUs recruited in outreach and treatment programmes in Madrid, Spain. Data on sociodemographic characteristics and recent and lifetime risk factors, sexual and reproductive history and history of imprisonment were collected. Bivariate analysis and a logistic regression model were used to identify factors associated with imprisonment. Risk factors for imprisonment were having illegal sources of income, not having a fixed address, leaving education before finishing primary school and starting injection of drugs early in adolescence. HIV risk behaviours were highly prevalent among this population of female IDUs and drug injection in prison was reported by more than one-third of those who had ever been imprisoned. In addition, recent HIV risk behaviour indicators were not associated with imprisonment, suggesting that incarceration did not lead to risk reduction after release from prison. Female IDUs who have been in prison have substantial reproductive health problems that require gynaecological care. These results point to the urgent need for prevention programmes which address HIV and other blood-borne infections using gender specific approaches for women IDUs incarcerated in Spanish prisons.

Fate of abstracts from the Paris 1995 European Society of Anaesthesiologists meeting.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: To assess the publication rate of full papers presented as abstracts at the 1995 meeting of the European Society of Anaesthesiologists, and to assess factors that might predict subsequent full publication. METHODS: All abstracts presented at the meeting and published in the British Journal of Anaesthesia (Suppl 1, 1995) were included. To verify subsequent full publication, a MEDLINE search was performed and validated. We studied the average time from the meeting to publication, the first author's country, the subspeciality, the publishing journal of the full report, the type of presentation (oral or poster), the object of investigation, and the quality of research design and of statistical reporting in the abstract. RESULTS: Of 472 meeting abstracts, 199 (42.2%) were eventually published. The average (+/- SD) delay between meeting and publication was 16.8 (15.6) months (range 24-60 months). Most papers (79.4%) had been published within 3 yr of the meeting. Circulation, pharmacology and intensive care papers had the highest rates of publication. Sixty-three journals attracted papers, with the British Journal of Anaesthesia publishing most (n = 29). No difference in subsequent publication was found between oral and poster presentations. Randomized trials and animal research were more likely to be published. The number of authors or their positions differed between the abstract and the full publication in 145 cases (72.9%); the first author was changed in 43 cases. CONCLUSIONS: Less than half of the abstracts accepted at the 1995 European Society of Anesthesiologists' meeting were subsequently published in journals indexed by MEDLINE in the 3 yr following the meeting. Many changes in authorship occurred between the abstract and the full publication. The study architecture and the object of investigation predicted full publication.

Determinants of HIV prevalence amongst female IDU in Madrid.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the multitude possible factors associated with HIV in a population of female injecting drug users (IDUs) in Madrid, Spain. DESIGN: A cross-sectional study was undertaken and because of the lack of sampling frame in this population, a convenience sample was recruited from drug treatment, methadone services and street settings. METHODS: Face to face interviews were conducted with 304 female IDUs during October 1995-March 1996. HIV status was determined from antibody testing of blood samples or from written confirmation of HIV test results from a physician. A hierarchical logistic regression model was used to identify direct and indirect relationships with HIV prevalence. RESULTS: HIV prevalence in the sample of female IDUs for which HIV status was known (n = 262) was 63%. Factors independently associated with HIV prevalence in the regression analysis included: having a regular HIV positive sexual partner [odds ratio (OR): 12.2], age over 34 years (OR: 3.4), no fixed address (OR: 2.9), co-infection with a sexually transmitted infection (STI) in the last year (OR: 2.8) and ever shared needles (OR: 2.6). CONCLUSIONS: The documentation of the context of risk behaviour in female IDU is important to predict the course of the epidemic and to develop prevention strategies. The sexual partners of female IDUs in Spain are important components in explaining the HIV epidemic in this population as other risk factors, including high risk drug taking behaviour. The findings also highlight the need to target homeless IDUs women and inmate women with outreach services offering preventive interventions. More effective STI prevention and control strategies are also warranted.

[Publications derived from free communications at the XX Congress of the Anesthesiology and Resuscitation Spanish Association (Anesthesia 92)]. / Publicaciones derivadas de las comunicaciones libres del XX Congreso de la Sociedad Española de Anestesiología y Reanimación (Anestesia 92).

OBJECTIVES: To analyze the publication in MEDLINE-indexed journals of articles derived from free presentations at the Twentieth Congress of the Spanish Society of Anesthesiology (SEDAR) (Anestesia 92) held in 1992. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Two of the authors independently investigated the publication of research presented at Anestesia 92 in MEDLINE-indexed journals, carrying out a search of authors' names between 1990 and 1998 with no restrictions on language or type of publication. We obtained year of publication and names of journals and extracted the abstracts, then analyzing the number and order of authors, content and time elapsing between the congress and publication. RESULTS: Eighty-four articles (17.1%) were published based on 491 congress presentations, with a mean time to publication of 1.8 years (range -2 to 6). Journals specializing in anesthesiology published 79.8%, and Revista Espanola de Anestesiología y Reanimación published 59.5%. Different authors were listed for published articles and congress presentations in 92.9% and the first author had changed in 35.7%. The content of a published article was similar to that of the congress presentation in 46% and scope was reduced for publication in 35.7%. CONCLUSIONS: Few publications were derived from free presentations at Anestesia 92 and major changes were made in authors and content between congress presentation and publication.

The central nervous system and HRT.

In postmenopausal women, both the aging process and the hypoestrogenism due to the loss of ovarian function seem to be related to the progressive impairment of cognitive functions and to a higher risk of developing Alzheimer's disease (AD). This paper reviews the potentially beneficial effects of hormonal replacement therapy (HRT) on cognition and on the risk of developing AD. Articles relevant to the topic were selected by reviewing MEDLINE data and references of previous published reviews on this subject. Epidemiological studies on the effects of HRT on cognitive functioning have yielded disparate results, perhaps because of varying methodology and designs. However, the available data suggest that the use of HRT could be associated with a lower risk for AD. This conclusion should be interpreted with caution, since most of the studies were case-control studies, and thus subjected to several sources of bias. Further well-designed and conducted clinical trials and longitudinal studies would be required to clarify the effects of estrogens on cognition and AD.

Publicaciones derivadas de las comunicaciones libres del XX Congreso de la Sociedad Española de Anestesiología y Reanimación (Anestesia 92) / Publications derived from free presentations at the Twentieth Congress of the Spanish Society of Anesthesiology (Anestesia 92)

Objetivos. Analizar las comunicaciones libres presentadas en el XX Congreso de la Sociedad Española de Anestesiología y Reanimación (SEDAR) de 1992 y su publicación en revistas incluidas en MEDLINE.Material y métodos. Se investigó independientemente por dos de los investigadores la publicación en revistas incluidas en MEDLINE de todas las comunicaciones libres orales o pósters del XX Congreso de la SEDAR (Anestesia 92). La búsqueda se basó en los nombres de los autores, en citas publicadas entre 1990 y 1998, sin límites de idioma o tipo de publicación, y se obtuvieron el año y revista de publicación y el resumen de la misma. Se analizaron los autores, su número y orden, el contenido y el intervalo de tiempo entre el congreso y la publicación.Resultados. De las 491 comunicaciones presentadas se publicaron 84 artículos (17,1 por ciento), con un intervalo de publicación de 1,8 años (2,6). El 79,8 por ciento se publicaron en revistas de anestesiología y el 59,5 por ciento en la Revista Española de Anestesiología y Reanimación.En el 92,9 por ciento de los casos hubo alguna diferencia en los autores, y en el 35,7 por ciento los primeros autores fueron diferentes.En el 46,4 por ciento el contenido de los trabajos fue similar y en un 35,7 por ciento, inferior en las comunicaciones libres.Conclusiones. Las publicaciones derivadas de las comunicaciones libres al XX Congreso de la SEDAR de 1992 son pocas y con grandes diferencias de contenido y autores (AU)

OBJECTIVES: To analyze the publication in MEDLINE-indexed journals of articles derived from free presentations at the Twentieth Congress of the Spanish Society of Anesthesiology (SEDAR) (Anestesia 92) held in 1992. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Two of the authors independently investigated the publication of research presented at Anestesia 92 in MEDLINE-indexed journals, carrying out a search of authors' names between 1990 and 1998 with no restrictions on language or type of publication. We obtained year of publication and names of journals and extracted the abstracts, then analyzing the number and order of authors, content and time elapsing between the congress and publication. RESULTS: Eighty-four articles (17.1%) were published based on 491 congress presentations, with a mean time to publication of 1.8 years (range -2 to 6). Journals specializing in anesthesiology published 79.8%, and Revista Espanola de Anestesiología y Reanimación published 59.5%. Different authors were listed for published articles and congress presentations in 92.9% and the first author had changed in 35.7%. The content of a published article was similar to that of the congress presentation in 46% and scope was reduced for publication in 35.7%. CONCLUSIONS: Few publications were derived from free presentations at Anestesia 92 and major changes were made in authors and content between congress presentation and publication (AU)

[Presence of newberyite in the right kidney and carbonated apatite in the left kidney in a patient with recurrent urinary infections]. / Présence de newberyite dans le rein droit et d'apatite carbonatée dans le rein gauche chez une patiente ayant des infections urinaires à répétition.

In about 20% of the cases, urolithiasis is directly linked to chronic urinary tract infection by urea splitting bacteria, essentially Proteus mirabilis. The stones are generally composed of struvite and carbonate apatite which usually occur as staghorn calculi feared because of their obstructive and infectious consequences that cause important renal damage. The case of a 48 year-old woman with chronic urinary infection is described whose right kidney showed a staghorn calculus essentially composed of newberyite, a very rare constituent of urolithiasis, and whose left kidney contained three carbonate apatite calculi. Clinical and technical examinations, relations between the two mineral constituents are discussed in this paper with a review of the literature on the subject.

Yields of Soviet underground nuclear explosions from seismic surface waves: Compliance with the Threshold Test Ban Treaty.

Magnitudes of the larger Soviet underground nuclear weapons tests from the start of the Threshold Test Ban Treaty in 1976 through 1982 are determined for short- and long-period seismic waves. Yields are calculated from the surface wave magnitude for those explosions at the eastern Kazakh test site that triggered a small-to-negligible component of tectonic stress and are used to calibrate body wave magnitude-yield relationship that can be used to determine the sizes of other explosions at that test site. The results confirm that a large bias, related to differential attenuation of P waves, exists between Nevada and Central Asia. The yields of the seven largest Soviet explosions are nearly identical and are close to 150 kilotons, the limit set by the Threshold Treaty.

Quiet Zone Within a Seismic Gap near Western Nicaragua: Possible Location of a Future Large Earthquake.

A 5700-square-kilometer quiet zone occurs in the midst of the locations of more than 4000 earthquakes off the Pacific coast of Nicaragua. The region is indicated by the seismic gap technique to be a likely location for an earthquake of magnitude larger than 7. The quiet zone has existed since at least 1950; the last large earthquake originating from this area occurred in 1898 and was of magnitude 7.5. A rough estimate indicates that the magnitude of an earthquake rupturing the entire quiet zone could be as large as that of the 1898 event. It is not yet possible to forecast a time frame for the occurrence of such an earthquake in the quiet zone.

Is there a "citrate-apatite" in biological calcified systems?

An apatite containing citrate ions has been synthesized. Measurements of specific surface, as well as Ca/P ratio, infrared, X-ray, and calcination data are all consistent with the idea that citrate ion substitutes for PO4(3-) ion on the apatitic surface.

Effect of insulin on plasma triglyceride concentration in hepatectomized geese.

The effect of insulin on the removal of plasma triglycerides was tested in hepatectomized geese. In this preparation plasma triglyceride concentration decreases exponentially following hepatectomy. Infusion of insulin (0.001 U/kg/min. for 60 minutes) had no significant effect on the rate of disappearance of plasma triglycerides in the hepatectomized animals. The conclusion is, therefore, reached that insulin does not affect the removal of plasma triglycerides by the extrahepatic tissues in the goose.