Laparoscopic correction of experimentally induced diaphragmatic rupture in dogs.

PURPOSE: To describe the dog as a model for studying laparoscopic correction of experimental diaphragmatic ruptures. METHODS: Five male dogs were used in this study. Under laparoscopic approach, a defect of 7 cm was created on the left ventral insertion of the diaphragm. Fourteen days after this procedure, the abdomen was explored using laparoscopic access and the diaphragmatic defect was corrected with intracorporeal suture. The dislocated organs, surgical time, and suturing time were recorded. Analgesia and clinical condition were monitored during the postoperative period. RESULTS: All animals recovered well from the diaphragmatic rupture creation. After 14 days, abdominal organs (liver, spleen, omentum and/or intestine) were found inside the thoracic cavity in all animals. It was possible to reposition the organs and suture the defect by laparoscopic access in three animals. These animals showed excellent postoperative recovery. It was not possible to reposition the liver safely when it was friable. CONCLUSIONS: Laparoscopic creation of diaphragmatic rupture in dogs is feasible. Dogs are a good model for training and studying the correction of experimentally created diaphragmatic rupture by the laparoscopic approach. A friable liver is a complicating factor that should be taken into account. Animals submitted to laparoscopic correction showed excellent postoperative recovery.

Laparoscopic correction of experimentally induced diaphragmatic rupture in dogs

PURPOSE:To describe the dog as a model for studying laparoscopic correction of experimental diaphragmatic ruptures.METHODS: Five male dogs were used in this study. Under laparoscopic approach, a defect of 7cm was created on the left ventral insertion of the diaphragm. Fourteen days after this procedure, the abdomen was explored using laparoscopic access and the diaphragmatic defect was corrected with intracorporeal suture. The dislocated organs, surgical time, and suturing time were recorded. Analgesia and clinical condition were monitored during the postoperative period.RESULTS:All animals recovered well from the diaphragmatic rupture creation. After 14 days, abdominal organs (liver, spleen, omentum and/or intestine) were found inside the thoracic cavity in all animals. It was possible to reposition the organs and suture the defect by laparoscopic access in three animals. These animals showed excellent postoperative recovery. It was not possible to reposition the liver safely when it was friable.CONCLUSIONS:Laparoscopic creation of diaphragmatic rupture in dogs is feasible. Dogs are a good model for training and studying the correction of experimentally created diaphragmatic rupture by the laparoscopic approach. A friable liver is a complicating factor that should be taken into account. Animals submitted to laparoscopic correction showed excellent postoperative recovery.

Laparoscopic correction of experimentally induced diaphragmatic rupture in dogs

To describe the dog as a model for studying laparoscopic correction of experimental diaphragmatic ruptures. Five male dogs were used in this study. Under laparoscopic approach, a defect of 7cm was created on the left ventral insertion of the diaphragm. Fourteen days after this procedure, the abdomen was explored using laparoscopic access and the diaphragmatic defect was corrected with intracorporeal suture. The dislocated organs, surgical time, and suturing time were recorded. Analgesia and clinical condition were monitored during the postoperative period.RESULTS:All animals recovered well from the diaphragmatic rupture creation. After 14 days, abdominal organs (liver, spleen, omentum and/or intestine) were found inside the thoracic cavity in all animals. It was possible to reposition the organs and suture the defect by laparoscopic access in three animals. These animals showed excellent postoperative recovery. It was not possible to reposition the liver safely when it was friable. Laparoscopic creation of diaphragmatic rupture in dogs is feasible. Dogs are a good model for training and studying the correction of experimentally created diaphragmatic rupture by the laparoscopic approach. A friable liver is a complicating factor that should be taken into account. Animals submitted to laparoscopic correction showed excellent postoperative recovery.(AU)

Apomorphine locomotor sensitization can be potentiated by environmental change: evidence for a non-Pavlovian associative behavioral contrast factor in sensitization expression.

We investigated environmental contrast effects on the expression of apomorphine locomotor sensitization by using two arena formats (round and square) that elicited differential levels of spontaneous locomotion. Eight groups of rats received 3 daily injections of apomorphine (APO) (2.0mg/kg) or vehicle (VEH) to induce locomotor sensitization: four groups in the square arena (2 APO and 2 VEH) and four in the round arena (2 APO and 2 VEH). Subsequently, the groups were retested with the same APO/VEH regimen for 3 days. One APO group and one VEH group originally tested in the square arena were re-tested in the square arena while the other square arena induction pair was re-tested in the round arena. A similar re-test protocol (same/different arena) was implemented for the round arena groups. The change from a square induction arena to a round test arena potentiated sensitization as compared to the sensitization observed in the round test arena following induction in the same round arena. In contrast, the change from a round induction arena to a square test arena attenuated sensitization compared to sensitization in the square test arena following induction in the square arena. This asymmetric sensitization profile is inconsistent with a Pavlovian response conditioning mediation of sensitization. We suggest that psycho-stimulant experience in low or high activity environments can evoke positive and negative behavioral contrast effects when the environments are switched. This behavioral plasticity in response to environmental change linked to prior drug environment experience implicates contrast effects in the expression of psychostimulant sensitization.