Caprine demineralized bone matrix (DBMc) in the repair of non-critical bone defects in rabbit tibias. A new bone xenograft.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the use of demineralized bone matrix of caprine origin in experimental bone defects of the tibia in New Zealand rabbits. METHODS: Fragments of the tibia diaphysis were collected aseptically from clinically healthy goats. The bones were sectioned into 1 cm fragments and stored at -20°C for subsequent hydrochloric acid (HCL) demineralization. A 70 mg portion of DBMc was used to fill the experimental bone defects. Twenty-four female adult New Zealand rabbits were divided into 2 groups: the MG (matrix group, left tibia) and CG (control group, right tibia). Additionally, they were separated into 4 groups with 6 animals, according to the period of analysis (15, 30, 60 and 90 days postoperatively). Using microCT, volumetric parameters were evaluated: bone volume, relationship between bone volume and total volume, bone surface area, relationship between bone surface area and total volume, number of trabeculae, trabecular thickness and trabecular separation. RESULTS: There was a statistically significant difference (P<0.05) between groups considering bone volume (BV) and bone:total volume (BV/TV), on 15, 30 and 90 days postoperatively. Control group showed a statistically significant superiority (P < 0.05) considering the mean of the variables bone surface (BS), number of trabeculae (Tb.N) and between bone surface and total volume (BS/TV) at 15 and 90 days. CONCLUSIONS: Caprine demineralized bone matrix was safe and tolerable. No signs of material rejection were seen macroscopically. It is an alternative for the treatment of bone defects when autologous graft is not available or in insufficient quantities.

Caprine demineralized bone matrix (DBMc) in the repair of non-critical bone defects in rabbit tibias. A new bone xenograft

Purpose To evaluate the use of demineralized bone matrix of caprine origin in experimental bone defects of the tibia in New Zealand rabbits. Methods Fragments of the tibia diaphysis were collected aseptically from clinically healthy goats. The bones were sectioned into 1 cm fragments and stored at -20°C for subsequent hydrochloric acid (HCL) demineralization. A 70 mg portion of DBMc was used to fill the experimental bone defects. Twenty-four female adult New Zealand rabbits were divided into 2 groups: the MG (matrix group, left tibia) and CG (control group, right tibia). Additionally, they were separated into 4 groups with 6 animals, according to the period of analysis (15, 30, 60 and 90 days postoperatively). Using microCT, volumetric parameters were evaluated: bone volume, relationship between bone volume and total volume, bone surface area, relationship between bone surface area and total volume, number of trabeculae, trabecular thickness and trabecular separation. Results There was a statistically significant difference (P 0.05) between groups considering bone volume (BV) and bone:total volume (BV/TV), on 15, 30 and 90 days postoperatively. Control group showed a statistically significant superiority (P < 0.05) considering the mean of the variables bone surface (BS), number of trabeculae (Tb.N) and between bone surface and total volume (BS/TV) at 15 and 90 days. Conclusions Caprine demineralized bone matrix was safe and tolerable. No signs of material rejection were seen macroscopically. It is an alternative for the treatment of bone defects when autologous graft is not available or in insufficient quantities.(AU)

Caprine demineralized bone matrix (DBMc) in the repair of non-critical bone defects in rabbit tibias. A new bone xenograft

Abstract Purpose To evaluate the use of demineralized bone matrix of caprine origin in experimental bone defects of the tibia in New Zealand rabbits. Methods Fragments of the tibia diaphysis were collected aseptically from clinically healthy goats. The bones were sectioned into 1 cm fragments and stored at -20°C for subsequent hydrochloric acid (HCL) demineralization. A 70 mg portion of DBMc was used to fill the experimental bone defects. Twenty-four female adult New Zealand rabbits were divided into 2 groups: the MG (matrix group, left tibia) and CG (control group, right tibia). Additionally, they were separated into 4 groups with 6 animals, according to the period of analysis (15, 30, 60 and 90 days postoperatively). Using microCT, volumetric parameters were evaluated: bone volume, relationship between bone volume and total volume, bone surface area, relationship between bone surface area and total volume, number of trabeculae, trabecular thickness and trabecular separation. Results There was a statistically significant difference (P<0.05) between groups considering bone volume (BV) and bone:total volume (BV/TV), on 15, 30 and 90 days postoperatively. Control group showed a statistically significant superiority (P < 0.05) considering the mean of the variables bone surface (BS), number of trabeculae (Tb.N) and between bone surface and total volume (BS/TV) at 15 and 90 days. Conclusions Caprine demineralized bone matrix was safe and tolerable. No signs of material rejection were seen macroscopically. It is an alternative for the treatment of bone defects when autologous graft is not available or in insufficient quantities.

Piotórax crônico em cão por vagem de Acácia Imperial (Cassia fistula) / Chronic Pyothorax in a dog due pod of acacia imperial (Cassia fistula)

Background: Pyothorax is characterized by the accumulation of septic purulent fluid within the pleural space. Most of the times, it is the true identified infection way in only 2 to 22% of dog cases. Reports show that the most common cause is the migration of grass edges and plant materials, mainly in regions of California, USA. The current study reports an unusual case of a Cassia fistula pod (Brazilian Acácia Imperial), of around 10x3 cm long, causing chronic Pyothorax in a Border Collie female dog. Case: It was admitted in a Teaching Veterinary Hospital a 2-year-old female Border Collie, weighing 16.5 kg. The complaint was producing of severe cough, dyspnoea, hyporexia and loss of weight in the past three months. The animal could have been horse-kicked, as it is used to herding. In the physical examination, it was detected bilateral thick lung crepitations, more evident in the ventral skull area, dyspnoea, tachypnea, fever, splenomegaly and low body condition score (3/9). The laboratory tests revealed nonregenerative anemia and leukemoid reaction. The chest x-ray showed intense pulmonary opacification and free fluids in the pleural space along with a heterogenic cylindrical image of the mixed radiopacity. This image was then confirmed as the intrathoracic foreing body by the use of a computerized tomography. In this exam it was also possible to observe the damage of part of the middle and inferior right lung lobe. The cytology of the pleural effusion found mixed inflammation and coccoid bacteria, and the microbiological culture Streptococcus sp., and Escherichia coli. The dog underwent thoracotomy in order to remove the foreign body, which was later identified as being a Cassia fistula pod (Brazilian Acácia Imperial), of around 10x3 cm long. Due to the intense lung damage, a right pneumonectomy was required. After 30 days the animal was fully recovered.[...]

Perineal hernia in dogs: which technique should we use?

Background: Perineal hernia may be unilateral or bilateral and results from weakening and separation of the pelvic diaphragm muscles, favoring the abdominal viscera herniation into the perineal subcutaneous. The factors described as possible etiology of this affection are prostate hyperplasia, senile muscular atrophy, myopathy and hormonal imbalances. Several herniorrhaphy techniques are available in literature presenting different rates of success leaving the question whether there is any technique that is predominantly better than others are. This case report aims to describe five cases of perineal hernia treated with four different techniques performed by four experienced surgeons.Cases: Case 1. Semitendinous muscle transposition: A 8-year-old intact male Shitzu (6 kg) was referred for the evaluation of a swelling in the right perineal region. The mass was soft and regressed into de pelvic cavity during palpation. Abdominal ultrasound and radiography were taken, which reveled perineal hernia and a mild prostate enlargement. The patient was prepared for hernia repair with semitendinous muscle transposition and orchiectomy. Case 2. Internal obturator muscle transposition: A 9-year-old intact male mixed breed dog (18kg) presenting a two-week long unilateral (right-side) perineral hernia. Ultrasound exam revealed a cystic prostate and adipose tissue as the hernia content. After clinical and image examination the patient was submitted to surgical repair using the internal obturator muscle transposition technique and orchiectomy. Case 3. Internal obturator muscle transposition associated to correction of rectal sacculation: A 12-year-old intact male mixed breed presenting swelling on the right side of the perianal region. The owner reported a 4-day long aquesia, emesis and increased volume in perineum for 6 months. During the rectal palpation, resected fecal content was present and rectal sacculation was suspected...

Perineal hernia in dogs: which technique should we use?

Background: Perineal hernia may be unilateral or bilateral and results from weakening and separation of the pelvic diaphragm muscles, favoring the abdominal viscera herniation into the perineal subcutaneous. The factors described as possible etiology of this affection are prostate hyperplasia, senile muscular atrophy, myopathy and hormonal imbalances. Several herniorrhaphy techniques are available in literature presenting different rates of success leaving the question whether there is any technique that is predominantly better than others are. This case report aims to describe five cases of perineal hernia treated with four different techniques performed by four experienced surgeons.Cases: Case 1. Semitendinous muscle transposition: A 8-year-old intact male Shitzu (6 kg) was referred for the evaluation of a swelling in the right perineal region. The mass was soft and regressed into de pelvic cavity during palpation. Abdominal ultrasound and radiography were taken, which reveled perineal hernia and a mild prostate enlargement. The patient was prepared for hernia repair with semitendinous muscle transposition and orchiectomy. Case 2. Internal obturator muscle transposition: A 9-year-old intact male mixed breed dog (18kg) presenting a two-week long unilateral (right-side) perineral hernia. Ultrasound exam revealed a cystic prostate and adipose tissue as the hernia content. After clinical and image examination the patient was submitted to surgical repair using the internal obturator muscle transposition technique and orchiectomy. Case 3. Internal obturator muscle transposition associated to correction of rectal sacculation: A 12-year-old intact male mixed breed presenting swelling on the right side of the perianal region. The owner reported a 4-day long aquesia, emesis and increased volume in perineum for 6 months. During the rectal palpation, resected fecal content was present and rectal sacculation was suspected...(AU)

Piotórax crônico em cão por vagem de Acácia Imperial (Cassia fistula) / Chronic Pyothorax in a dog due pod of acacia imperial (Cassia fistula)

Background: Pyothorax is characterized by the accumulation of septic purulent fluid within the pleural space. Most of the times, it is the true identified infection way in only 2 to 22% of dog cases. Reports show that the most common cause is the migration of grass edges and plant materials, mainly in regions of California, USA. The current study reports an unusual case of a Cassia fistula pod (Brazilian Acácia Imperial), of around 10x3 cm long, causing chronic Pyothorax in a Border Collie female dog. Case: It was admitted in a Teaching Veterinary Hospital a 2-year-old female Border Collie, weighing 16.5 kg. The complaint was producing of severe cough, dyspnoea, hyporexia and loss of weight in the past three months. The animal could have been horse-kicked, as it is used to herding. In the physical examination, it was detected bilateral thick lung crepitations, more evident in the ventral skull area, dyspnoea, tachypnea, fever, splenomegaly and low body condition score (3/9). The laboratory tests revealed nonregenerative anemia and leukemoid reaction. The chest x-ray showed intense pulmonary opacification and free fluids in the pleural space along with a heterogenic cylindrical image of the mixed radiopacity. This image was then confirmed as the intrathoracic foreing body by the use of a computerized tomography. In this exam it was also possible to observe the damage of part of the middle and inferior right lung lobe. The cytology of the pleural effusion found mixed inflammation and coccoid bacteria, and the microbiological culture Streptococcus sp., and Escherichia coli. The dog underwent thoracotomy in order to remove the foreign body, which was later identified as being a Cassia fistula pod (Brazilian Acácia Imperial), of around 10x3 cm long. Due to the intense lung damage, a right pneumonectomy was required. After 30 days the animal was fully recovered.[...](AU)