RESUMEN
INTRODUCTION: We report the case of a 77-year-old female patient with the diagnosis of pancreatic head insulinoma, in whom we used near infrared light (NIR) to detect synchronous pancreatic tumors and potential secondary lymph node or liver involvement. The patient presented with hypoglycemia manifesting by lipothymia. With the diagnosis of secretory neuroendocrine tumor (insulinoma) of the pancreatic head, cephalic pancreatoduodenectomy with the preservation of the pylorus was performed after NIR visualization of the pancreatic tumor mass. At 6, 12, 18 months postoperatively, the patient no longer had hypoglycemia and her general state was good. CONCLUSION: NIR with indocyanine green (ICG) evidences pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors, as well as possible synchronous tumors and secondary lymph node or liver involvement.
RESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Critical limb ischemia (CLI) is associated with an increased risk of limb amputation, low quality of life and cardiovascular death. The aim of this study is to identify the prognostic factors of mortality, revascularization failure and amputation failure, as part of risk factors for athero-sclerosis and comorbidities. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We examined 198 patients operated for CLI. Cox analysis was performed to discern the factors that were associated with failure of initial surgical therapy and death. RESULTS: For survival analysis, a significant model emerged with hypertension (p=0.00), cardiac comorbidities (p=0.00), renal comorbidities (p=0.04) and respiratory comorbidities (p=0.02) as significant predictors. Regarding the time to amputation failure, there was a significant model with insulin treated diabetes (p=0.00), coronary artery disease (p=0.02) and cerebrovascular disease (p=0.05) as significant predictors. CONCLUSIONS: Significant predictors for mortality in CLI patients are high risk hypertension, severe coronary artery disease, renal failure requiring dialysis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The association of these prognostic factors results in a proportional decrease of survival. The predictors for amputation failure were, in addition to local factors, insulin treated diabetes, coronary artery disease and cerebrovascular disease. The revascularization for limb salvage depends on the correct indication and accurate surgical technique.
RESUMEN
INTRODUCTION: Chronic lower limb ischemia (CLLI) leads to endothelial cell dysfunctions and endothelial lesions. The use of substances that release nitric oxide and activate endothelial nitric oxide synthase has proved to be useful in increasing angiogenesis and arteriogenesis under critical ischemia conditions. OBJECTIVES: To investigate the therapeutic effect of Sildenafil and Donepezil with a vasodilating action in experimentally induced CLLI and on serum redox homeostasis. MATERIAL AND METHOD: The research was performed in 3 groups of rats (n=10 animals/group) with experimentally induced CLLI: group I - control group; group II - animals treated postoperatively with a therapeutic dose of sildenafil, and group III - animals treated postoperatively with a therapeutic dose of donepezil. Oxidative stress (OS) indicators (malondialdehyde - MDA, protein carbonyls - PC), antioxidant (AO) defense indicators (reduced glutathione - GSH and oxidized glutathione - GSSH), and ceruloplasmin (CP) were determined on days 7, 14, 21 and 30. Statistical processing was performed using the Excel application (Microsoft Office 2007), with the StatsDirect v.2.7.2 software. RESULTS: Changes in OS were evidenced in all groups on account of a decrease in MDA and PC. The greatest OS decrease in all groups was on day 30. AO defence changes were represented by decreased levels of GSH and GSSG in all groups, at the studied moments. Intracellular AO defense in the cytosol, nucleus and mitochondria was similar in all groups, (decreased GSH, GSSG and GSH/GSSG ratio). We found increased extracellular levels of GSH, GSSG, and CP and increased extracellular GSH/GSSG ratio at level compared to values on day 7. CONCLUSIONS: 1) The administration of sildenafil (group II) and donepezil (group III) has favorable effects on reducing OS in experimentally induced CLLI. 2) Sildenafil and Donepezil administration stimulates extracellular AO defense on account of CP. 3) Sildenafil and Donepezil administration influences intracellular redox homeostasis on account of the GSH/GSSG couple, the major redox buffer in the body.