RESUMEN
Cystic fibrosis is the most common hereditary disease in populations of European descent, with its prevalence depending on the populations and ethnic groups studied. In contrast to Europe and North America, there is little information about this disease in Latin America. Uruguay currently has a human population of 3,000,000, with a low rate of miscegenation and no remaining isolated Amerindian groups. In the present study, we estimated the prevalence of cystic fibrosis in this country based on the detection of DeltaF508 mutation carriers in 500 unrelated individuals and on the frequency of individuals homozygous for this mutation within the affected population. The latter was calculated from the frequency of the different mutations and genotypes observed in a sample of 52 previously described patients with confirmed cystic fibrosis. A theoretical estimate of the prevalence of cystic fibrosis based on anthropological data suggested a frequency of 25 affected individuals/100,000 inhabitants. However, our data indicated that the true prevalence in the population was considerably lower (6.9 cases/100,000 inhabitants).
Asunto(s)
Regulador de Conductancia de Transmembrana de Fibrosis Quística/genética , Fibrosis Quística/etnología , Mutación , Fibrosis Quística/epidemiología , Fibrosis Quística/genética , Genotipo , Humanos , Prevalencia , Uruguay/epidemiología , Uruguay/etnología , Población BlancaRESUMEN
Cystic fibrosis is the most common hereditary disease in populations of European descent, with its prevalence depending on the populations and ethnic groups studied. In contrast to Europe and North America, there is little information about this disease in Latin America. Uruguay currently has a human population of 3,000,000, with a low rate of miscegenation and no remaining isolated Amerindian groups. In the present study, we estimated the prevalence of cystic fibrosis in this country based on the detection of DeltaF508 mutation carriers in 500 unrelated individuals and on the frequency of individuals homozygous for this mutation within the affected population. The latter was calculated from the frequency of the different mutations and genotypes observed in a sample of 52 previously described patients with confirmed cystic fibrosis. A theoretical estimate of the prevalence of cystic fibrosis based on anthropological data suggested a frequency of 25 affected individuals/100,000 inhabitants. However, our data indicated that the true prevalence in the population was considerably lower (6.9 cases/100,000 inhabitants).
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Fibrosis Quística , Regulador de Conductancia de Transmembrana de Fibrosis Quística , Mutación , Fibrosis Quística , Genotipo , Prevalencia , UruguayRESUMEN
We conducted clinical and genetic analyses of 52 cystic fibrosis (CF) patients in Uruguay, which is about half of the known affected individuals in the country. A relatively high proportion had a mild presentation, characterized by pancreatic sufficiency (28%), a strong pulmonary component (97%), and borderline sweat electrolyte measurements (25%). Mutational analysis of CF chromosomes demonstrated a relatively low incidence of the DeltaF508 allele (40%) and a large number of other cystic fibrosis conductance regulator mutations, with an overall detection rate of about 71%. Fifteen different mutations were detected in our patients: DeltaF508, G542X, R1162X, G85E, N1303K, R334W, R75Q, R74W, D1270N, W1282X, DeltaI507, 2789+5G-->A, R1066C, -816C/T, R553X, as well as RNA splicing variant IVS8-5T. This group of Uruguayan CF patients has some characteristics in common with other populations of similar origin (Hispanics), as well as some unique characteristics.
Asunto(s)
Regulador de Conductancia de Transmembrana de Fibrosis Quística/genética , Fibrosis Quística/genética , Mutación/genética , Alelos , Análisis Mutacional de ADN , Genotipo , Humanos , Polimorfismo Genético , UruguayRESUMEN
La enfermedad celíaca (EC) es una afección autoinmune que presenta asociación con determinados genes del sistema HLA. Se ha descrito que ciertas variantes (alelos) HLA de clase II DQ y DR están involucradas en la susceptibilidad primaria de esta enfermedad. La frecuencia de alelos HLA varía entre los diferentes grupos étnicos. La población actual de nuestro país presenta características étnicas particulares y, hasta el momento de realizado este trabajo, no se conocía la asociación de estos alelos con la enfermedad. Se presentan, por tanto, los datos obtenidos mediante determinación molecular de alelos HLA de clase II de cadena beta DQ y DR para una muestra total de 37 individuos (pacientes y controles). Se calculó el riesgo relativo (RR) y la fracción etiológica (FE) para cada alelo, genotipo y haplotipo DQB1-DRB1. Se determinó que los alelos DQB1*0201 y DRB1*03 están positivamente asociados a los pacientes (RR= 10,7, p<0,001 y RR=13, p<0,001 respectivamente). Cuando se analizaron los haplotipos, fue precisamente la combinación de estos alelos la que presentó una asociación positiva con la EC. Estos resultados permitieron establecer que, si bien existe mezcla étnica en nuestra población, los alelos involucrados en la susceptibilidad de la enfermedad celíaca son los mismos a los descritos en la literatura variando la frecuencia y, por lo tanto, el riesgo asociado a cada alelo