[Eales disease: a case report in Burkina Faso]. / Maladie de Eales : à propos d'un cas au Burkina Faso.

The authors report the first case of Eales disease described in Burkina Faso. A 21-year-old man presented myodesopsia with acute visual acuity decrease in the right eye at 1/50, vitreous haemorrhage, and retinal phlebitis of the large trunks. In the left eye, visual acuity was 10/10 P2, with phlebitis associated with retinal haemorrhages, vascular occlusion, and retinal ischaemia. Laboratory investigations found a positive TST at 20mm but the Koch bacillus was not isolated. The patient received treatment for tuberculosis, corticosteroids, retinal argon laser photocoagulation, and vitrectomy in the right eye. The clinical, immunopathological, and therapeutic aspects of Eales disease are discussed.

Etude radiologique des retinoblastomes en milieu africain burkinabe

Objectif : Decrire les aspects radiologiques du retinoblastome et analyser l'apport de l'imagerie medicale dans cette affection en milieu africain burkinabe. Methode : Etude retrospective menee entre janvier 2005 et decembre 2008; incluant 15 cas suspects de retinoblastome apres exploration par echographie et tomodensitometrie (TDM). Resultats : Le groupe comprenait 9 garcons et 6 filles; d'age median de 2;2 ans. Le retinoblastome etait de forme exophytique; unilateral chez 11 patients (73;3) et bilateral dans 4 cas (26;7). Les calcifications intratumorales etaient retrouvees dans 93;3des cas a l'echographie. Le scanner precisait les extensions loco-regionales et a permis de decouvrir deux cas de retinoblastomes trilateraux. Conclusion : La TDM demeure la technique la mieux appropriee pour le diagnostic du retinoblastome en imagerie. Son cout eleve constitue une limite a son accessibilite dans la plupart des pays pauvres. L'echographie peut etre une alternative lorsque des calcifications intratumorales sont mises en evidence

[Lacquer cracks complicated with choroidal neovascularization in pseudoxanthoma elasticum: the first case report in Burkina Faso]. / Stries angioïdes compliquées de néovascularisation choroïdienne dans le cadre d'un pseudoxanthome élastique: 1er cas décrit au Burkina Faso.

Lacquer cracks are breaks in the Bruch membrane by alteration of the elastic layer. They are often associated with pseudoxanthoma elasticum. The authors report the first case in Burkina Faso involving a 51-year-old woman who was seen for visual acuity loss. She had pseudoxanthoma elasticum associated with lacquer cracks complicated by choroidal neovascularization in both eyes. She was treated with laser photocoagulation of the neovessels in the left eye, and no recurrence was reported after 6 months.

Burkitt's lymphomain Burkina Faso hospital center : therapeutic and course.

Summary A retrospective study of 41 cases of children sent to hospital and treated for the Burkitt's lymphoma for a period of 10 years has been carried out in the hospital of Bobo-Dioulasso in order to study the progressing and therapeutic features of the disease. The therapeutic means were the ablation surgery of voluminous tumors (19.5%) and the monochimiotherapy with cyclophosphamid (83%) according to Burkitt's procedure (64.7%) and N'gu procedure (35.3%). The mortality under chimiotherapy was 8.8%. The immediate evolution has shown 58.8% of complete remission, 26.5% of partial remission, 11.8% of resistance to the treatment.

[Cataract in Burkina Faso: factors of choice between modern and traditional surgical procedures]. / Cataracte au Burkina Faso: facteurs de choix entre chirurgie moderne ou traditionnelle.

Despite advances in cataract surgery, many peoples in the Sub-Saharan region are still treated by the traditional lens couching technique. The purpose of this study is to investigate the factors leading to the choice of lens couching for cataract treatment. A total 34 patients (40 eyes) from the northern Burkina Faso who underwent lens couching were examined and interviewed. Most patients (56%) did not understand the etiology of cataracts and attributed the disease to fate. Nor did they know of any other cataract treatment than lens couching. Only 13 patients (38.2%) would recommend modern cataract treatment and 52% suggested that health workers should come out into the villages and operate as traditional healers do. In spite of its potentially dramatic complications, lens couching is still the only method of cataract treatment known in some communities of Burkina Faso. Public information campaigns are needed to put an end to the ancestral practice of lens couching.

[Eye tension and open angle glaucoma in a Burkina Faso hospital]. / Hypertonie oculaire et glaucome primitif à angle ouvert dans un hôpital du Burkina Faso.

PURPOSE: Studying the correlation between high intraocular pressure and glaucoma in black African patients. PATIENTS: and method: This study was retrospective and was based on 235 patients, i.e. 470 eyes examined from April 1993 to december 1998 for elevated eye pressure, at the Sanou Souro hospital of Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso. For each subject, we noted visual acuity, age, sex, ocular tonus, the result of optical disc examination with the three-mirror glass, and the visual field examined with Goldmann perimetry. We excluded infants, young children, glaucoma with normal pressure, and patients with incomplete files. RESULTS: The patients were from 14 to 80 years old, with 18.3% 40 years-old or less. Male subjects predominated with a sex ratio of 2.26. Visual acuity was lost in 191 eyes (40.6%) and optic disk excavation was total in 214 eyes (45.5%). The Goldmann perimetry visual field test revealed defects in 390 eyes (83%). Ocular tension, optic disk excavation of the glaucomatous type, and visual field defects were associated in 70.4% of the cases. CONCLUSION: This study shows that in 70.4% of the cases, there was a correlation between high intraocular pressure and glaucoma. This glaucoma is acute and appears in young subjects. Efforts will be made to alert our population and detect glaucoma precociously.

[Etiologies of ocular and eyelid trauma in Burkina Faso]. / Etiologies des traumatismes oculo-palpébraux au Burkina Faso.

PURPOSE: To identify the epidemiological features of ocular traumas in Burkina Faso. METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted in the eye department of the National Hospital of Ouagadougou, from January 1995 to 31 December 1997. All cases of eye trauma during this period were included. RESULTS: The study showed that ocular traumas represented 9.80% of the reasons for consultation in the unit. 73% of the patients were male. The median age was 21. School children and students were the most frequently involved 25.8%) and 58.9% of the patients came from Ouagadougou while 41.1% came from the rural areas. Public thoroughfare accidents (were the main causes of the trauma (25%). Among the traumatic agents, 26% involved vegetal materials. CONCLUSION: Ocular traumas are a major cause of blindness in Western Africa and concern mostly young people. Prevention strategies based on education and information about road safety could reduce the incidence of ocular traumatisms.

[Suspected palpebral anthrax in children. (Apropos of 3 cases)]. / Suspicion de charbon palpébral chez l'enfant. (A propos de trois cas).

Anthrax is an infectious disease caused by Bacillus anthracis. It is primarily a disease of domestic animals. Human beings can be infected by contact with infected animals, soiled objects, thorns or insect stings. In its cutaneous form, it may produce lesions of the eyelids. The authors report three suspected cases of palpebral anthrax in children. The clinical diagnosis was evident. Scraping from the necrotic tissue showed thick Gram positive rods in two children. This aspect evokes Bacillus. All the patients responded to the Penicillin G. No complications were noted. Prevention of anthrax in Africa poses the difficult problem of health education for the local population and immunization programs for animals which can be infected by Bacillus anthracis.