Risk of Dental Caries for Children Aged 4 to 6 in Craiova.

Dental caries represent a chronic disease of high prevalence for the human body and is produced by the interaction of a number of predisposing factors throughout the time. Specialized studies in recent years have made some progress with regard of complex interacting factors in the process of developing dental caries in children, but due to the plurifactorial nature of the disease it seems that there is still much to be studied regarding the start, progress and prevention of tooth decay.The aim of the study was to determine the risk of tooth decay in children aged 4 to 6 years in Craiova and the relationship of the main etiopathogenic cariogenic factors. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study included a total of 101 children of both sexes, aged 4-6 years, from two kindergartens in Craiova. They filled out questionnaires about food and oral hygiene habits and after that the study protocol included visual clinical examination in according to WHO methodology; determination of dmft index with the analysis of dt, mt and ft component The results were recorded in personal files and were analyzed statistically. RESULTS: The results of our study were consistent with data from the literature of recent years. So, the highest value of the dmft index (2.52) was at the age group of 6. CONCLUSIONS: The most significant contribution to the values of carious experience is the number of teeth affected by caries at the expense of obturated ones.

Indirect pulp capping in young patients: immunohistological study of pulp-dentin complex.

Indirect capping is a complex therapy exclusively needed in deep cavities that provides, using biomaterials, a disinfection of the dentinary sore and seals the dentinary tubules, protects the pulp of physical mechanisms and chemical agents and stimulates the mechanisms that produce new dentin. Following this idea, we studied the histological changes in the dental pulp tissue and also the specific immunohistochemical response in various structures when an indirect capping technique was used. We used special histological techniques followed by classical staining or by immunohistochemical reaction in order to assess the odontoblastic, and the vascular reaction. The immunohistochemical study allows us to evaluate the changes in the pulp-dentin complex, as the result of the changes in the dentinal tubules permeability and the biological reactions at this level.

Immunohistochemical expression of CK7, CK5/6, CK19, and p63 in Warthin tumor.

Our study included a number of 24 cases with Warthin tumor, diagnosed between 2007-2011, which were analyzed in terms of clinical, histopathological and immunohistochemistry point of view, using CK7, CK5/6, CK19, and p63 antibodies. Warthin tumor is most often a tumor with a slow evolution, painless, usually affecting males (M/F 3.2/1) in the seventh decade of life. Histopathologically, it is distinguished the predominance of the typical forms of the tumor, with a balanced ratio epithelium/stroma. The immunostaining for CK7 showed positivity in all the investigated cases both in the columnar luminal cells and basal cells. The immunostaining for CK5/6 was positive in all the investigated cases in bilayer epithelial basal cells, both in the structure of the cysts and the papillae. In the case of the immunostaining for p63 we noticed limited nuclear positivity in the basal cells, while the columnar cells' nucleus were negative. The immunohistochemical study of the bilayer epithelial component of Warthin tumor showed different immunstaining of the two types of epithelia, the oncocytary columnar and the basal on, similar to those found in the salivary gland ducts.

The failures of root canal preparation with hand ProTaper.

UNLABELLED: The failures of root canal preparation are due to some anatomical deviation (canal in "C" or "S") and some technique errors. The technique errors are usually present in canal root cleansing and shaping stage and are the result of endodontic treatment objectives deviation. OBJECTIVES: Our study was made on technique errors while preparing the canal roots with hand ProTaper. METHODOLOGY: Our study was made "in vitro" on 84 extracted teeth (molars, premolars, incisors and canines). The canal root of these teeth were cleansed and shaped with hand ProTaper by crown-down technique and canal irrigation with NaOCl(2,5%). The dental preparation control was made by X-ray. RESULTS: During canal root preparation some failures were observed like: canal root overinstrumentation, zipping and stripping phenomenon, discarded and/or fractured instruments. CONCLUSIONS: Hand ProTaper represents a revolutionary progress of endodontic treatment, but a deviation from accepted rules of canal root instrumentation can lead to failures of endodontic treatment.

Considerations on dental bridges' stability and balance for mandibulary teeth with coronary-root amputation.

Dental occlusion represent the function of dentomaxillary system at which realization participate all the components of that system holding the equilibrium between them. Setting up the treatment with dental bridges in partial edentuluous is rule by some principles that have aims like restore the morphology and functions change by edentuluous condition and also prevention disorders of remaining teeth and other structures and functions of dentomaxillary system. During the prosthetic treatment with fixed bridgeworks in clinical cases presents in this study , we used also terapeutical techniques specifically other dental domains like endodontology and oral surgery. For avoid the appearance of occlusal dysfunction is necessary a good knowledge and respecting the biomorphocinematic behaviour of dentomaxillary system structure under action of occlusal force during mastication and also biomechanical rules that influence the functional equilibrium of teeth and dental bridges.

Warthin tumor--morphological study of the stromal compartment.

Warthin tumor is the second most common benign tumors of the parotid gland, after pleomorphic adenoma. Our study was performed on 21 cases with Warthin tumor diagnosed between 2005-2010, which were analyzed clinically, histologically and immunohistochemically, using anti-CD20 and anti-CD45RO antibodies. The analysis of age distribution within the investigated cases indicated that Warthin tumor incidence is increasing in the seventh decade of life, most patients being male (M/F 5/2). Histopathological, the analysis report of stroma÷parenchyma in 14 cases revealed a balanced distribution of the two components, in four cases, the epithelial component was predominant and in three cases, the stromal component was predominant. Immunohistochemical study for the two specific lymphocyte proliferation markers indicated positivity for both epithelial component and stroma. Cell layout of CD45RO and CD20cy at the level of lymphoid stroma had a similar pattern with normal or reactive lymph nodes.

The influence of coronoradicular amputation on the shape of the subsequent prosthetic restoration.

The patient's desire to preserve their natural dentition is increasing constantly; therefore, nowadays dentists have to treat teeth that once would have been extracted. Using endodontics, periodontics and restorative dentistry techniques, we can maintain these teeth on the arches in whole or in part and they can be used as independent units of mastication or as abutments in simple fixed bridges. This article describes a procedure of modifying the form and shape of the prosthetic restoration of a maxillar molar after a crown and root amputation.

Occlusal screening as basis for the integration of conjunct gnato-prosthetic devices.

The functional disorders of the masticator apparatus impose the accomplishment of a phased assessment protocol which should permit the marking out and prefigure the future treatment plan, at the same time. The association of clinical data with therapeutic options and last but not least with the patient's "expectations" represent a particularly important stage within the final occlusal and aesthetic integration. In order to analyse the data collected through examination various assessment systems are available nowadays which permit the correlation of symptoms identified with adequate diagnoses. The planning of the therapy on the basis of clinical registrations associated with the challenges of the bio-aesthetics shall impose a new conduct within the orofacial rehabilitation of patients.

Clinical and Morphological Aspects of Warthin's Tumor.

The study includes 16 cases of Warthin's tumor in a period of 4 years (2004-2008). The tumors were diagnosed at patients of VII decade, most of them smoker. The studies of Warthin's tumor macroscopic morphological parameters allow us to establish the localization exclusive at parotid glands like solitary tumor and the tumoral volume oscillate mostly between 2-4 cm in diameter. Histopathologically we notice the prevalence of typical tumor forms, with balanced raport epithelium / stroma. In this study we have found in 10 cases typical forms, in 4 cases the prevalence of epithelium component and in 2 cases the prevalence of stroma component.