[Changes in sleep patterns and the doom-scrolling (doom-surfing) phenomenon as modifiable risk factors for anxiety due to continuous stress of the COVID-19 pandemic]. / Izmeneniya rezhima sna i potreblenie informatsii s negativnym kontentom v internete («dumskrolling¼, «dumserfing¼) kak upravlyaemye faktory riska razvitiya trevogi v usloviyakh stressa pandemii COVID-19.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the modifiable daily behavior patterns associated with increased anxiety indicators in the general population in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study examined the characteristics of the Russian population (n=7777) of the international multicenter project COMET-G. In particular, variables were targeted to describe deviations in the behavior of adults during the period of application of measures of social isolation in connection with the pandemic, and revealing a relationship with the total score on the Spielberger State Anxiety Scale (STAI-S). Among these variables, experts selected those that could potentially be subject to change in the short term, that is, act as manageable or modifiable risk factors for the development of anxiety. The selected variables were analyzed in a statistical PLS-model to identify indicators that make the most significant contribution to the increase in the total anxiety score. RESULTS: Our statistical model explained 48.4% of the variability in the STAI-S anxiety total scores related to changes in daily life habits. In particular, doom-scrolling/doom-surfing about the spread of the virus and the COVID-19 pandemic, changes in sleep patterns and usual daily life activities due to social isolation measures presented as factors significantly contributing to the increase of state anxiety. CONCLUSION: Given the manageable or modifiable risk factors that we have identified, public awareness and therapeutic recommendations, pointing to the need to (I) control the amount of time spent in the internet and monitor their internet-based content consumption, (II) regulate sleep-wake patterns, (III) maintain daily habits and household activities, may reduce the likelihood of developing anxiety disorders in the context of the impact of a global chronic stress due to the COVID-19 pandemic and associated social isolation measures.

The conundrum of prolonged delirium.

Withdrawal delirium in alcohol dependence usually lasts 48 to 72 hours. However, certain factors can prolong delirium. We report a 39-year-old man with long-standing alcohol use who presented with delirium, which failed to resolve with treatment. On evaluation, he was found to have AIDS and limbic encephalitis due to herpes simplex virus.

Psychiatric aspects of organ transplantation.

Surgical transplantation of human organs from deceased as well as living donors to sick and dying patients began after the Second World War. Over the past 50 years the transplantation of human organs, tissues and cells has become a worldwide practice which has extended, and greatly enhanced the quality of hundreds of thousands of lives. The field of transplantation medicine provides an important chance for liaison between psychiatric professionals and other transplant physicians and surgeons. The discrepancy between the ever-increasing demand for organs but the decreasing supply makes it important to evaluate and prioritize individuals who are in dire need of the organ. However, this also gives rise to certain ethical questions. The following paper discusses various psychiatric aspects of organ transplantation in general.

N-arylpiperazinyl-N'-propylamino derivatives of heteroaryl amides as functional uroselective alpha 1-adrenoceptor antagonists.

Novel arylpiperazines were identified as alpha 1-adrenoceptor (AR) subtype-selective antagonists by functional in vitro screening. 3-[4-(ortho-Substituted phenyl)piperazin-1-yl]propylamines were derivatized with N,N-dimethyl anthranilamides, nicotinamides, as well as carboxamides of quinoline, 1,8-naphthyridine, pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine, isoxazolo[3,4-b]pyridine, imidazo[4,5-b]pyridine, and pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidines. Strips of rabbit bladder neck were employed as a predictive assay for antagonism in the human lower tract. Rings of rat aorta were used as a "negative screen" for the test antagonists. Binding to alpha 1-ARs was relatively sensitive to size and electronic features of the arylpiperazine portion of the antagonists and permissive to these features on the heteroaryl carboxamide side. These structure-affinity findings were exploited to produce nicotinamides (e.g. 13ii and 25x) and pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridines (e.g. 37f and 37y) ligands with nanomolar affinity at the alpha 1-AR subtype prevalent in the human lower urinary tract(pA2 values: 8.8, 10.7, 9.3, and 9.9, respectively) and displaying 2-3 orders of magnitude selectivity over the alpha 1D-AR.

Compartmentalization of the cerebral ventricles as a sequela of neonatal meningitis.

Thirteen infants with compartmentalization of the lateral ventricles diagnosed by air encephalography, computerized tomography, or autopsy are reported. In each case, the body of one or both lateral ventricles was completely divided by a membrane posterior to the foramen of Monro. Recognition of this entity is important from both therapeutic and prognostic standpoints.

Extrusion of peritoneal catheter through abdominal incision: report of a rare complication of ventriculoperitoneal shunt.

A rare complication of a ventriculoperitoneal shunt is reported. The peritoneal catheter extruded through the well-healed abdominal incision. This is the first report of such an occurrence in an adult patient.

Intraspinal tumors in children. A review of 81 cases.

The authors have presented 81 children with intraspinal tumors, all less than 16 years of age. The clinical features indicated that gait disturbance, pain, and sphincter disturbance are the most prominent complaints. Reflex changes, paralysis, and sensory impairment are the most frequent physical findings. Cerebrospinal fluid protein was recorded in 47 patients and was abnormal in 34. Spine radiography was abnormal in 58% of the patients. Seventy of the patients had myelography, and it was diagnostic in 67. Surgery was performed on 79 patients, with a 2.5% operative mortality (30 days postsurgery). Of the 49 patients who are alive, 91.5% are able to walk. Mean follow-up period was 8.5 years. The authors document the benign course of the intramedullary astrocytomas and suggest an approach to their treatment. They encourage an aggressive approach to metastatic intraspinal tumors. The latrogenic origin of some epidermoid tumors is noted. The importance of early diagnosis and treatment of the intraspinal tumors in children is emphasized.

Optic chiasmatic glioma in children.

We reviewed the records of 29 patients with optic nerve or chiasm glioma, or both, seen from 1955 to 1966. Sixteen patients were girls and 13 were boys. At the time of diagnosis, 14 patients were less than 2 years old. Optic atrophy was the most frequently seen physical finding, present in 26 of 29 patients. Twelve patients had diencephalic syndrome (41%). Proptosis was seen in eight. Eleven patients (38%) had associated neurofibromatosis. Pneumoencaphalogram was done on 26 patients and was abnormal in 23. The diagnosis was confirmed at surgery in 27 patients. All tumors were astrocytomas. Eighteen patients underwent radiotherapy. Surgery and radiotherapy were used as treatment for optic-chiasmatic glioma with diencephalic syndrome.

Scoliosis and hydrocephalus in myelocele patients. The effects of ventricular shunting.

Developmental scoliosis is a common cause of increasing disability and deformity in long-term myelocele survivors, and is believed to result from a paralytic collapsing spine. The possible etiological role of compensated hydrocephalus and hydromyelia was assessed by determining the effect of ventricular shunting on 11 myelocele patients with developmental scoliosis. After successful shunting, one patient with a 47 degrees curve continued to deteriorate. Three cases with curves greater than 60 degrees were stabilized for short periods, but eventually required spinal fusion. Seven cases with curves less than 55 degrees were improved from a mean scoliosis of 29 degrees to 13 degrees during a 20-month follow-up period. Several patients had pre-existing shunts that were found to be non-functional on shuntogram. These findings suggest that the spinal complications of hydrocephalus may be more common than previously recognized in myelocele patients and that advanced developmental scoliosis may be avoided by early recognition and ventricular shunting.

Atrial myxoma: a review of the neurological complications, metastases, and recurrences.

The neurological complications secondary to embolism from atrial myxoma are reviewed. A patient with intracranial and skeletal metastases is described to emphasise the malignant potentiality of this tumour. A classification of atrial myxoma metastases is presented.

An unusual late complication of Gasserian ganglion cecompression surgery. Case report.

The authors report an unusual complication following sugery for decompression of the Gasserian ganglion. Eight years postoperatively this patient developed a left temporal lobe granuloma caused by a piece of wood used to plug the foramen spinosum at surgery. The patient's clinical and radiological findings were suggestive of a glioma involving the temporal lobe.