Use of hydroalcoholic extract of Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi in pre- and post-milking antisepsis of the teat in dairy cows / Utilização do extrato hidroalcoólico de Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi na antissepsia do teto pré e pós-ordenha em bovinos de leite

Medicinal plants have been used for centuries as an alternative treatment for health problems. Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi is a median tree that belongs to the Anacardiaceae family. The antibacterial effect of leaves extract of this plant has already been demonstrated. The objective of this study was to test a substance derived from this plant to be used in pre- and post-milking teat antisepsis. The hydroalcoholic extract of Brazilian pepper tree was used in opposite quarters for twelve consecutive weeks, and commercial iodine was used as control. None of the indices analyzed black background mug, CMT, intramammary infections, skin health, and teat health showed a statistical difference between the treatments, suggesting that the plant extract can be used in pre- and post-milking teat antisepsis, as a substitute for conventional products for herds in an agroecological production system

As plantas medicinais têm sido usadas há séculos como alternativa de tratamento para problemas de saúde. Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi ou aroeira é uma árvore mediana pertencente à família Anacardiaceae. O efeito antibacteriano de extratos de folhas dessa planta já foi demonstrado. O objetivo deste estudo foi testar o extrato de Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi na antissepsia de tetos pré e pós-ordenha. Foi utilizado extrato hidroalcoólico da aroeira, tendo como controle iodo comercial, em quartos opostos, durante doze semanas consecutivas. Nenhum dos índices analisados caneca de fundo escuro, CMT, novas infecções intramamárias, saúde da pele e do esfíncter do teto demonstraram diferenças estatísticas entre os tratamentos usados, sugerindo que o extrato da planta pode ser usado na pré e pós-ordenha para desinfecção de tetos, como substituto dos produtos convencionais, para rebanhos em sistema de produção orgânica

USE OF HYDROALCOHOLIC EXTRACT OF Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi IN PRE- AND POST-MILKING ANTISEPSIS OF THE TEAT IN DAIRY COWS

Abstract Medicinal plants have been used for centuries as an alternative treatment for health problems. Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi is a median tree that belongs to the Anacardiaceae family. The antibacterial effect of leaves extract of this plant has already been demonstrated. The objective of this study was to test a substance derived from this plant to be used in pre- and post-milking teat antisepsis. The hydroalcoholic extract of Brazilian pepper tree was used in opposite quarters for twelve consecutive weeks, and commercial iodine was used as control. None of the indices analyzed - black background mug, CMT, intramammary infections, skin health, and teat health - showed a statistical difference between the treatments, suggesting that the plant extract can be used in pre- and post-milking teat antisepsis, as a substitute for conventional products for herds in an agroecological production system.

Resumo As plantas medicinais têm sido usadas há séculos como alternativa de tratamento para problemas de saúde. Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi ou aroeira é uma árvore mediana pertencente à família Anacardiaceae. O efeito antibacteriano de extratos de folhas dessa planta já foi demonstrado. O objetivo deste estudo foi testar o extrato de Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi na antissepsia de tetos pré e pós-ordenha. Foi utilizado extrato hidroalcoólico da aroeira, tendo como controle iodo comercial, em quartos opostos, durante doze semanas consecutivas. Nenhum dos índices analisados - caneca de fundo escuro, CMT, novas infecções intramamárias, "saúde da pele e do esfíncter do teto" - demonstraram diferenças estatísticas entre os tratamentos usados, sugerindo que o extrato da planta pode ser usado na pré e pós-ordenha para desinfecção de tetos, como substituto dos produtos convencionais, para rebanhos em sistema de produção orgânica.

Use of hydroalcoholic extract of Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi in pre- and post-milking antisepsis of the teat in dairy cows / Utilização do extrato hidroalcoólico de Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi na antissepsia do teto pré e pós-ordenha em bovinos de leite

Medicinal plants have been used for centuries as an alternative treatment for health problems. Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi is a median tree that belongs to the Anacardiaceae family. The antibacterial effect of leaves extract of this plant has already been demonstrated. The objective of this study was to test a substance derived from this plant to be used in pre- and post-milking teat antisepsis. The hydroalcoholic extract of Brazilian pepper tree was used in opposite quarters for twelve consecutive weeks, and commercial iodine was used as control. None of the indices analyzed black background mug, CMT, intramammary infections, skin health, and teat health showed a statistical difference between the treatments, suggesting that the plant extract can be used in pre- and post-milking teat antisepsis, as a substitute for conventional products for herds in an agroecological production system(AU)

As plantas medicinais têm sido usadas há séculos como alternativa de tratamento para problemas de saúde. Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi ou aroeira é uma árvore mediana pertencente à família Anacardiaceae. O efeito antibacteriano de extratos de folhas dessa planta já foi demonstrado. O objetivo deste estudo foi testar o extrato de Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi na antissepsia de tetos pré e pós-ordenha. Foi utilizado extrato hidroalcoólico da aroeira, tendo como controle iodo comercial, em quartos opostos, durante doze semanas consecutivas. Nenhum dos índices analisados caneca de fundo escuro, CMT, novas infecções intramamárias, saúde da pele e do esfíncter do teto demonstraram diferenças estatísticas entre os tratamentos usados, sugerindo que o extrato da planta pode ser usado na pré e pós-ordenha para desinfecção de tetos, como substituto dos produtos convencionais, para rebanhos em sistema de produção orgânica(AU)

Actividad antibacteriana de los extractos de Cymbopogon citratus, Elionurus sp. y Tagetes minuta contra bacterias que causan mastitis / Antibacterial activity of essential oils of Cymbopogon citratus, Elionurus sp. and Tagetes minuta against bacteria that cause mastitis

Introducción: el uso inadecuado de los antimicrobianos es un importante factor de resistencia a estos. En medicina veterinaria, este factor puede influir en el rendimiento de los animales, como en el caso de la mastitis bovina. Objetivo: evaluar la actividad antibacteriana de los aceites esenciales e hidroalcohólicos, de Cymbopogon citratus (DC.) Stapf., Elionurus sp. y Tagetes minuta L. contra bacterias aisladas de leche bovina. Métodos: la actividad antimicrobiana de plantas se evaluó utilizando la técnica de microdilución con la determinación de la concentración inhibitoria mínima. Resultados: los aceites esenciales eran más activos que los hidroalcohólicos, con valores de concentración mínima inhibitoria entre 0,39 y 6,32; 0,10 y 6,32 %; así como de 0,62 a 5 %, para Cymbopogon citratus, Elionurus sp. y Tagetes minuta, respectivamente; mientras que en los extractos hidroalcohólicos, excepto para Tagetes minuta, solo se inhibió Streptococcus uberis con Elionurus sp., pero el extracto hidroalcohólico de Cymbopogon citratus no mostró actividad antibacteriana. Conclusiones: los resultados sugieren el uso de estas plantas como un antimicrobiano natural, que es eficaz sobre bacterias de la mastitis bovina.

Introduction: the inappropriate use of antimicrobials is a major driver of antimicrobial resistance. In veterinary medicine, this factor can influence on animal performance, as in the case of bovine mastitis. Objective: this study is aimed to evaluate the antibacterial activity of essential oils and hydroalcoholic of Cymbopogon citratus (DC.) Stapf., Elionurus sp. and Tagetes minuta L. and the bacteria isolated from bovine milk. Methods: the antimicrobial activity of plants was evaluated using the microdilution technique, determining minimum inhibitory concentration values. Results: the essential oils were more active than the hydroalcoholic, with minimum inhibitory concentration values between 6,32 to 0,39 %; 0,10 and 6,32 %; as well as 0,62 to 5 %, for Cymbopogon citratus, Elionurus and T. minuta, respectively; while EHAs, except for Tagetes minuta, only inhibited Streptococcus uberis to Elionurus sp., being that the hydroalcoholic the Cymbopogon citratus showed no antibacterial activity. Conclusions: these results suggest the use of these plants as natural antimicrobial, being effective against bacteria of bovine mastitis.

Actividad antibacteriana de los extractos de Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels (jambolán) frente a los microorganismos asociados a la mastitis bovina / Antibacterial activity of extracts of Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels (jambolão), against microorganisms associated with bovine mastitis

Introducción: la aparición de cepas bacterianas resistentes a los antibióticos ha estimulado el desarrollo de nuevas líneas de investigación, basadas en las propiedades antibacterianas de plantas utilizadas en medicina popular. La medicina veterinaria ha estado tomando para sí los beneficios de la medicina tradicional, en un intento de sustituir el uso de antibióticos en el tratamiento y la prevención de la mastitis. Objetivo: evaluar la actividad antibacteriana de los extractos hidralcohólicos de Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels, en comparación con las bacterias relacionadas en la mastitis bovina. Métodos: se obtuvieron extractos de hojas frescas con alcohol a 92,8° y de hojas secas con alcohol a 70°. La actividad antimicrobiana de plantas se evaluó utilizando la técnica de microdilución. Resultados: los extractos de hojas frescas mostraron una actividad mejor en comparación con los de hojas secas, con valores de concentración mínima inhibitoria de 1,5 a 50 %, en comparación con los diferentes microorganismos. Se destaca como más eficaz contra todo estudio el Streptococcus, con la concentración mínima inhibitoria igual a 3,1; 1,5 y 1,9 % para Streptococcus uberis, Streptococcus agalacteae y Streptococcus dysgalacteae, respectivamente. Conclusiones: estos resultados sugieren que el uso de hojas de esta especie de planta puede constituir una alternativa viable para la prevención y el tratamiento de la mastitis bovina.

Introduction: the emergence of bacterial strains resistant to antibiotics has stimulated the development of new lines of research based on the antibacterial properties of plants used in folk medicine. Veterinary medicine has been taking for itself the benefits of traditional medicine in an attempt to replace the use of antibiotics in the treatment and prevention of mastitis. Objective: this study is aimed to evaluate the antibacterial activity of hydroalcoholic extracts Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels, compared to bacteria related to bovine mastitis. Methods: the extracts were obtained from fresh leaves with ethanol at 92.8° and leaves with ethanol at 70°. The antimicrobial activity of plants was evaluated using the microdilution technique. Results: the hydroalcoholic extracts fresh plant showed better activity compared with the hydroalcoholic extracts dry leaf, with minimal inhibitory concentration values ranging from 1.5 to 50 % compared to the different microorganisms; highlighting Streptococcus as more effective against all study, with minimal inhibitory concentration equal to 3.1, 1.5, and 1.9 % for Streptococcus uberis, Streptococcus agalacteae, and Streptococcus dysgalacteae, respectively. Conclusions: these results suggest that the use of leaves of this plant species may constitute a viable alternative for the prevention and treatment of bovine mastitis.

Aplicación de plantas medicinales para la antisepsia de pezones de vacas posordeño / Use of medicinal plants for antisepsis of cows' teat after milking

Introducción: el sistema de producción de leche agroecológico está limitado por alternativas sostenibles de promoción a la salud animal. El control de la mastitis con plantas medicinales puede ser viable de modo económico y ecológicamente. Objetivos: evaluar la aplicación de antisépticos en la desinfección de pezones posordeño. Métodos: se comparó un convencional y extracto de plantas medicinales en un rebaño comercial y tuvo como principal encierre las nuevas infecciones intramamarias. Resultados: la prevalencia semanal del California Mastitis Test varió en el grupo 1 entre 29,5 y 17,1 por ciento, y en el grupo 2 de 29,7 a 19,6 por ciento, no diferenciándose de modo significativo, en ninguna de las semanas. La incidencia de cultura positiva para Staphylococcus/Streptococcus fue de 3,93 y 6,96/1 000 cuartos/d para los grupos 1 y 2, respectivamente; con p= 0,057. Hubo 4 casos de mastitis clínica durante el experimento, 2 en cada tratamiento. Conclusiones: el uso de extractos de plantas en la desinfección de pezones posordeño puede ser útil a los sistemas de producción de leche agroecológicos.

Introduction: the agro-ecological system of milk production is limited in terms of sustainable alternatives for animal health promotion. The control of mastitis with medicinal plants can be economically and environmentally viable. Objectives: to evaluate the use of antiseptics in the post-milking teat disinfection. Methods: the comparison of conventional and herbal extracts in treating the new intramammarial infections. Results: the weekly prevalence of California Mastitis Test ranged from 29.5 to 17.1 percent in group 1 and from 29.7 to 19.6 percent in group 2 but no significant difference was found in any week. The incidence of positive culture for Staphylococcus/Streptococcus was 3.93 and 6.96/1 000 quarters/day for groups 1 and 2 respectively, being p= 0.057. There were four cases of clinical mastitis during the experiment, two cases in each treatment. Conclusions: the use of plant extracts in the post-milking teat disinfection may be useful for agro-ecological systems of milk production.