RESUMEN
Species specific conversion of the lead PDE4 inhibitor 1 to the quinolone 3 was identified as the major route of metabolism in the cynomolgus monkey. Modification of the template to give the cinnoline 9 retained potency and selectivity, and greatly improved the pharmacokinetic profile in the cynomolgus monkey compared with 1. Additional SAR studies aimed at improving the solubility of 9 are also described.
Asunto(s)
Compuestos Heterocíclicos con 2 Anillos/química , Inhibidores de Fosfodiesterasa 4 , Quinolinas/química , Administración Oral , Animales , Fosfodiesterasas de Nucleótidos Cíclicos Tipo 4/metabolismo , Compuestos Heterocíclicos con 2 Anillos/síntesis química , Compuestos Heterocíclicos con 2 Anillos/farmacocinética , Macaca fascicularis , Quinolinas/síntesis química , Quinolinas/farmacocinética , Ratas , Solubilidad , Relación Estructura-ActividadAsunto(s)
Fibrinolíticos/farmacología , Piperazinas/farmacología , Piperidinas/farmacología , Inhibidores de Agregación Plaquetaria/farmacología , Glicoproteínas de Membrana Plaquetaria/antagonistas & inhibidores , Administración Oral , Animales , Plaquetas/efectos de los fármacos , Callithrix , Fibrinolíticos/administración & dosificación , Humanos , Piperazinas/administración & dosificación , Piperidinas/administración & dosificación , Inhibidores de Agregación Plaquetaria/administración & dosificación , Relación Estructura-ActividadRESUMEN
Various aspects of adoption--psychopathology, age at placement, agency versus independent placement, best age to tell child he is adopted, etc.--are studied in three groups of adoptees: biological parent schizophrenic or manic-depressive; adoptive parent schizoprenic or manic-depressive; biological parent with no psychiatric history. Findings raise questions about a number of common assumptions regarding adoptees.
Asunto(s)
Adopción , Adulto , Factores de Edad , Concienciación , Trastorno Bipolar/genética , Protección a la Infancia , Fantasía , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Relaciones Padres-Hijo , Esquizofrenia/genéticaRESUMEN
The majority of both male and female heroin addicts entering a city treatment program were introduced to heroin by a male. But by contrast with the males, females were in many cases introduced to heroin by another woman, more often used drugs with persons of both sexes, and were more likely to be living with a current or former heroin user at intake. Encouragement to give up drugs was reported more frequently by both men and women than attempts to discourage their entry into treatment, but only the encouragement of the spouse or opposite-sexed partner was significantly related to treatment outcome.
Asunto(s)
Relaciones Interpersonales , Adolescente , Adulto , Composición Familiar , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Matrimonio , Motivación , Grupo Paritario , Pronóstico , Factores Sexuales , Medio SocialRESUMEN
Female heroin addict clients suffer neglect of various kinds in connection with research efforts dealing with addiction. Often they are omitted altogether. Or, if included, topics relevant to their lives are not always examined, or a double standard of evaluation or interpretation, which operates to their disadvantage, is sometimes utilized. The study reported here was undertaken as a partial remedy for these ills. Its primary aim was to characterize a group of female heroin addicts at the time that they entered a city-run treatment program. Males were studied as well, however, so as to permit an examination of sex differences which might suggest modifications in male-oriented treatment programs.
