RESUMEN
Noggin proteins are important regulators of the early development of the vertebrate neural system. Previously, it has been traditionally thought that vertebrates have only one noggin gene (Noggin1), whose main function is the inhibition of BMP signaling pathway during the formation of dorsoventral polarity in embryos. Then other proteins of this family were discovered, and the studies of Noggin2 protein showed that noggin proteins also participate in the modulation of Nodal/Activin and Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathways in the early development of amphibian head structures. The purpose of this study is to investigate the properties of another noggin protein, Noggin4. We proved that Noggin4 plays an important role in the formation of head structure in clawed frog, since it inhibits the activity of Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway. At the same time, unlike Noggin1 and Noggin2, Noggin4 does not inhibit the activity of TGF-beta signaling pathways (BMP and Nodal/Activin).
Asunto(s)
Proteínas de Homeodominio/metabolismo , Organogénesis/fisiología , Prosencéfalo/embriología , Vía de Señalización Wnt/fisiología , Proteínas de Xenopus/metabolismo , beta Catenina/metabolismo , Animales , Proteínas de Homeodominio/genética , Proteínas de Xenopus/genética , Xenopus laevis , beta Catenina/genéticaRESUMEN
AIM: To analyze the long-term results of the «Point of Sobriety¼ program in patients with alcohol dependence. MATERIAL AND METHODS: It was analyzed the results of treatment of 104 patients treated 2 or more years before the current study. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The high efficacy of complex treatment with naltrexone injections was demonstrated. Remission during more than 1 year was achieved in 64.4% of patients, more than 2 years in 45.2%. Most patients reported improvement in social and family status.
RESUMEN
Multicolour labelling with fluorescent proteins is frequently used to differentially highlight specific structures in living systems. Labelling with fusion proteins is particularly demanding and is still problematic with the currently available palette of fluorescent proteins that emit in the red range due to unsuitable subcellular localization, protein-induced toxicity and low levels of labelling efficiency. Here we report a new monomeric red fluorescent protein, called FusionRed, which demonstrates both high efficiency in fusions and low toxicity in living cells and tissues.
Asunto(s)
Proteínas Luminiscentes/toxicidad , Animales , Muerte Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Cromatografía Líquida de Alta Presión , Células HeLa , Humanos , Microscopía Fluorescente , Modelos Moleculares , Multimerización de Proteína/efectos de los fármacos , Proteínas Recombinantes de Fusión/toxicidad , Xenopus laevis , Proteína Fluorescente RojaRESUMEN
Neuroprotector properties of a new apovincaminic acid derivative (LHT 2 - 02) were studied on a model of acute brain ischemia in cats. LHT 2 - 02 has proved to be more effective than the reference drugs vinpocetin and glycine in preventing the reperfusive damage, which was manifested by decreased postishemic hyperglycemia and suppressed postishemic metabolic lactate acidosis.
Asunto(s)
Isquemia Encefálica/prevención & control , Fármacos Neuroprotectores/uso terapéutico , Daño por Reperfusión/prevención & control , Alcaloides de la Vinca/química , Alcaloides de la Vinca/uso terapéutico , Acidosis Láctica/tratamiento farmacológico , Animales , Gatos , Glicina/uso terapéutico , Hiperglucemia/tratamiento farmacológicoRESUMEN
We identified three novel genes that were expressed within the anterior non-neural ectoderm of Xenopus early neurula embryos. The expression of these genes was observed in the different areas complementary to the expression zone of a homeodomain gene Xanf-1 in the anterior neural plate. One of these genes, a Ras-like GTP-ase Ras-dva, marked the anterior placodal ectoderm area; a second, an Agr family homologous gene, XAgr2, was expressed in the anterior-most ectoderm in the cement gland primordium, and a third, novel gene Nlo was expressed in the lateral neural folds. The genes were transiently expressed in the developing cement and hatching gland primordia, and repressed in the mature cement and hatching glands. XAgr2 and Nlo were also expressed in the otic vesicles, and Ras-dva was expressed in the dorso-lateral column of the neural tube.
Asunto(s)
Sistema Nervioso Central/embriología , Embrión no Mamífero/metabolismo , Proteínas de Xenopus , Secuencia de Aminoácidos , Animales , Sistema Nervioso Central/metabolismo , Perfilación de la Expresión Génica , Proteínas de Homeodominio/metabolismo , Datos de Secuencia Molecular , Especificidad de Órganos , Alineación de Secuencia , XenopusAsunto(s)
Adenocarcinoma Bronquioloalveolar/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Pulmonares/diagnóstico , Radiografía Torácica , Adenocarcinoma Bronquioloalveolar/diagnóstico por imagen , Adenocarcinoma Bronquioloalveolar/patología , Adenocarcinoma Bronquioloalveolar/cirugía , Anciano , Femenino , Humanos , Pulmón/patología , Neoplasias Pulmonares/diagnóstico por imagen , Neoplasias Pulmonares/patología , Neoplasias Pulmonares/cirugía , Neumonectomía , Tomografía Computarizada por Rayos XAsunto(s)
Fibroma/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Torácicas/diagnóstico , Pared Torácica , Adulto , Biopsia , Femenino , Fibroma/diagnóstico por imagen , Humanos , Imagen por Resonancia Magnética , Radiografía , Neoplasias Torácicas/diagnóstico por imagen , Pared Torácica/diagnóstico por imagen , UltrasonografíaRESUMEN
279 vermiform processes removed for different form of appendicitis were studied hystologically with obligatory analysis of appendix content. High rate of helminth intestation (27.2%) in vermiform processes removed in acute appendicitis surgery confirms an important role of small helminths (Enterobius, Trichocephalis and their larvae) in acute appendicitis development. The incidence of acute appendicitis and helminths interstation in children is higher than in adults. All the patients with acute appendicitis need helminthological examination and etiotropic treatment because appendectomy eliminates the complication but not the cause of intestinal disease.
Asunto(s)
Apendicitis/etiología , Apendicitis/cirugía , Apéndice/parasitología , Enterobius/aislamiento & purificación , Helmintiasis/complicaciones , Trichuris/aislamiento & purificación , Enfermedad Aguda , Adulto , Factores de Edad , Animales , Niño , Helmintiasis/diagnóstico , Humanos , Larva/crecimiento & desarrolloRESUMEN
We generated a mutant of the red fluorescent protein drFP583. The mutant (E5) changes its fluorescence from green to red over time. The rate of color conversion is independent of protein concentration and therefore can be used to trace time-dependent expression. We used in vivo labeling with E5 to measure expression from the heat shock-dependent promoter in Caenorhabditis elegans and from the Otx-2 promoter in developing Xenopus embryos. Thus, E5 is a "fluorescent timer" that can be used to monitor both activation and down-regulation of target promoters on the whole-organism scale.
Asunto(s)
Perfilación de la Expresión Génica/métodos , Regulación de la Expresión Génica , Proteínas de Homeodominio , Proteínas Luminiscentes/química , Proteínas Luminiscentes/genética , Regiones Promotoras Genéticas , Animales , Encéfalo/embriología , Encéfalo/metabolismo , Caenorhabditis elegans/embriología , Caenorhabditis elegans/genética , Línea Celular , Color , Fluorescencia , Regulación del Desarrollo de la Expresión Génica , Proteínas de Choque Térmico/genética , Humanos , Proteínas Luminiscentes/metabolismo , Mutación , Proteínas del Tejido Nervioso/genética , Factores de Transcripción Otx , Temperatura , Factores de Tiempo , Transactivadores/genética , Xenopus laevis/embriología , Proteína Fluorescente RojaRESUMEN
From the onset of neurectoderm differentiation, homeobox genes of the Anf class are expressed within a region corresponding to the presumptive telencephalic and rostral diencephalic primordia. Here we investigate functions of the Xenopus member of Anf, Xanf-1, in the differentiation of the anterior neurectoderm. We demonstrate that ectopic Xanf-1 can expand the neural plate at expense of adjacent non-neural ectoderm. In tadpoles, the expanded regions of the plate developed into abnormal brain outgrowths. At the same time, Xanf-1 can inhibit terminal differentiation of primary neurones. We also show that, during gastrula/neurula stages, the exogenous Xanf-1 can downregulate four transcription regulators, XBF-1, Otx-2, Pax-6 and the endogenous Xanf-1, that are expressed in the anterior neurectoderm. However, during further development, when the exogenous Xanf-1 was presumably degraded, re-activation of XBF-1, Otx-2 and Pax-6 was observed in the abnormal outgrowths developed from blastomeres microinjected with Xanf-1 mRNA. Other effects of the ectopic Xanf-1 include cyclopic phenotype and inhibition of the cement gland, both by Otx-2-dependent and -independent mechanisms. Using fusions of Xanf-1 with the repressor domain of Drosophila engrailed or activator domain of herpes virus VP16 protein, we showed that most of the observed effects of Xanf-1 were probably elicited by its functioning as a transcription repressor. Altogether, our data indicate that the repressor function of Xanf-1 may be necessary for regulation of both neural differentiation and patterning in the presumptive anterior neurectoderm.
Asunto(s)
Genes Homeobox , Proteínas de Homeodominio/genética , Sistema Nervioso/embriología , Proteínas de Xenopus , Xenopus laevis/embriología , Xenopus laevis/genética , Animales , Fusión Artificial Génica , Secuencia de Bases , Tipificación del Cuerpo/genética , Diferenciación Celular/genética , Cartilla de ADN/genética , Ectodermo/citología , Regulación del Desarrollo de la Expresión Génica , Proteínas de Homeodominio/metabolismo , Hibridación in Situ , Microinyecciones , Sistema Nervioso/citología , Sistema Nervioso/crecimiento & desarrollo , Prosencéfalo/embriología , Proteínas Recombinantes de Fusión/genética , Proteínas Recombinantes de Fusión/metabolismo , Proteínas Represoras/genética , Proteínas Represoras/metabolismo , Telencéfalo/embriología , Xenopus laevis/metabolismoRESUMEN
To examine the impact of low-intensive laser radiation (LILR) on endocrine function in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis, the time course of blood levels of thyroid hormones, cortisol, and insulin was studied in 117 patients of whom 64 received complex treatment by using LILR. Pulmonary tuberculosis was ascertained to be characterized by a marked hormonal imbalance, including impaired metabolism of thyroid hormones, hypercorticism, altered pancreatic incretion, which negatively affects the efficiency of antituberculosis therapy. Intravenous and epicutaneous therapy promotes recovery of endocrine responsiveness and enhances the efficiency of treatment in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis.
Asunto(s)
Glándulas Endocrinas/efectos de la radiación , Terapia por Láser , Tuberculosis Pulmonar/radioterapia , Antituberculosos/uso terapéutico , Terapia Combinada , Humanos , Hidrocortisona/sangre , Insulina/sangre , Tirotropina/sangre , Tiroxina/sangre , Factores de Tiempo , Triyodotironina/sangre , Tuberculosis Pulmonar/sangre , Tuberculosis Pulmonar/tratamiento farmacológicoRESUMEN
Low-intensive laser radiation used by topical, intravenous, and transendoscopic routes was employed in the complex antituberculosis therapy of 120 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis concurrent with chronic nonspecific respiratory diseases (n = 48), diabetes mellitus (n = 20 patients), gastrointestinal diseases (n = 45). The results of treatment were compared with the parameters of 62 patients with the similar clinical and X-ray characteristics of a tuberculosis process and concomitant diseases. It was ascertained that laser therapy might enhance the efficiency of treatment of patients with concurrent abnormality statistically significantly, by reducing the time of bacterial isolation, closure of decay cavities in the lung tissue, hospital treatment and by accelerating the onset of stable remission of concomitant diseases.
Asunto(s)
Complicaciones de la Diabetes , Enfermedades Gastrointestinales/complicaciones , Terapia por Láser , Enfermedades Respiratorias/complicaciones , Tuberculosis Pulmonar/radioterapia , Adolescente , Adulto , Enfermedad Crónica , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Resultado del Tratamiento , Tuberculosis Pulmonar/complicacionesRESUMEN
On the basis of the analysis of cDNA of three new homeobox-containing genes from human, chicken, and newt, a new class of homeobox genes Anf is characterized homologous to the Xanf-1 gene from Xenopus laevis, earlier cloned by us. These genes may be largely involved in the specification of embryonic subdivisions in the forebrain region of the embryo. The homeodomains of the proteins encoded by these genes differ greatly in the primary structure from all previously described homeobox genes. The high variability of the homeodomain sequences of the proteins of this class imply their rapid evolution.
Asunto(s)
ADN Complementario/genética , Regulación del Desarrollo de la Expresión Génica/genética , Genes Homeobox/genética , Proteínas de Homeodominio/genética , Proteínas de Xenopus , Secuencia de Aminoácidos , Animales , Embrión de Pollo , Clonación Molecular , Cartilla de ADN , Ectodermo/metabolismo , Humanos , Datos de Secuencia Molecular , Pleurodeles , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa , Homología de Secuencia de Aminoácido , Especificidad de la EspecieRESUMEN
Five novel genes homologous to the homeobox-containing genes Xanf-1 and Xanf-2 of Xenopus and Hesx-1/Rpx of mouse have been identified as a result of a PCR survey of cDNA in sturgeon, zebrafish, newt, chicken and human. Comparative analysis of the homeodomain primary structure of these genes revealed that they belong to a novel class of homeobox genes, which we name Anf. All genes of this class investigated so far have similar patterns of expression during early embryogenesis, characterized by maximal transcript levels being present at the anterior extremity of the main embryonic body axis. The data obtained also suggest that, despite considerable high structural divergence between their homeodomains, all known Anf genes may be orthologues, and thus represent one of the most quickly evolving classes of vertebrate homeobox genes.
Asunto(s)
Genes Homeobox , Proteínas de Homeodominio/química , Vertebrados/genética , Proteínas de Xenopus , Secuencia de Aminoácidos , Animales , Tipificación del Cuerpo/genética , Pollos , Embrión de Mamíferos/fisiología , Embrión no Mamífero/fisiología , Evolución Molecular , Peces , Proteínas de Homeodominio/biosíntesis , Humanos , Ratones , Datos de Secuencia Molecular , Familia de Multigenes , Filogenia , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa , Estructura Secundaria de Proteína , Salamandridae , Alineación de Secuencia , Homología de Secuencia de Aminoácido , Vertebrados/embriología , Pez CebraRESUMEN
Standard (hemogram, routine biochemical indices) and non-standard hematological parameters reflecting monocytic-macrophagal system (MMS) function and antioxidant defense were investigated in 140 subjects who had worked in radionuclide-contaminated zone after the Chernobyl accident. As shown by measurements of iron serum metabolism, lysozyme, total interferon, CIC, chemiluminescence of venous blood mononuclear leukocytes, MMS in 50% of them underwent negative changes in suppressed antioxidant defense. Standard hematological findings registered abnormalities only in 8-27% of the examinees.
Asunto(s)
Atención Ambulatoria , Sangre/efectos de la radiación , Exposición Profesional/efectos adversos , Centrales Eléctricas , Liberación de Radiactividad Peligrosa , Adulto , Femenino , Pruebas Hematológicas , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Pronóstico , Factores de Riesgo , Ucrania , Población UrbanaRESUMEN
The authors studied neuromuscular apparatus of hands in workers subjected to local vibration and in patients having vibration disease (VB). If compared to apparently healthy individuals both exposed to vibration or not, the VB patients proved lower muscular durability (MD) of hands, higher oxyproline excretion (OB) and greater MD/OB ratio. The studied parameters (MD, OB, MD/OB) in the VB patients turned out to be similar in the VB patients and the healthy examinees having initially low MD (under 29 s). The suggested criteria were recommended for early diagnosis of neuromuscular disturbances in hands and for occupational selection.
Asunto(s)
Brazo/inervación , Enfermedades Neuromusculares/diagnóstico , Enfermedades Profesionales/diagnóstico , Vibración/efectos adversos , Adulto , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Humanos , Enfermedades Neuromusculares/fisiopatología , OcupacionesRESUMEN
According to the analysis of 2687 medical histories of abdominal injuries during the 9 years of the Afghan war 25% of them were nonpenetrating wounds. The basic surgical intervention in these cases was a primary surgical treatment of wounds. Laparotomy was performed for 10% of patients because of suspicion of internal injuries. After admission of such patients to medical establishments they must pass a thorough examination.