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Introduction: Acute leukemias (AL) are the main types of cancer in children worldwide. In Mexico, they represent one of the main causes of death in children under 20 years of age. Most of the studies on the incidence of AL in Mexico have been developed in the urban context of Greater Mexico City and no previous studies have been conducted in the central-south of the country through a population-based study. The aim of the present work was to identify the general and specific incidence rates of pediatric AL in three states of the south-central region of Mexico considered as some of the marginalized populations of Mexico (Puebla, Tlaxcala, and Oaxaca). Methods: A population-based study was conducted. Children aged less than 20 years, resident in these states, and newly diagnosed with AL in public/private hospitals during the period 2021-2022 were identified. Crude incidence rates (cIR), standardized incidence rates (ASIRw), and incidence rates by state subregions (ASIRsr) were calculated. Rates were calculated using the direct and indirect method and reported per million children under 20 years of age. In addition, specific rates were calculated by age group, sex, leukemia subtype, and immunophenotype. Results: A total of 388 cases with AL were registered. In the three states, the ASIRw for AL was 51.5 cases per million (0-14 years); in Puebla, it was 53.2, Tlaxcala 54.7, and Oaxaca de 47.7. In the age group between 0-19 years, the ASIRw were 44.3, 46.4, 48.2, and 49.6, in Puebla, Tlaxcala, and Oaxaca, respectively. B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia was the most common subtype across the three states. Conclusion: The incidence of childhood AL in the central-south region of Mexico is within the range of rates reported in other populations of Latin American origin. Two incidence peaks were identified for lymphoblastic and myeloid leukemias. In addition, differences in the incidence of the disease were observed among state subregions which could be attributed to social factors linked to the ethnic origin of the inhabitants. Nonetheless, this hypothesis requires further investigation.
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The application of nanomaterials in the agri-food industry can lead us to the formulation of new sustainable and effective pesticides for the control of fungi such as Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (Fol). This is a fungal plant pathogen for the tomato plant. In this work, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were synthesized by a green methodology from Geranium leaf extract as a reducing agent. The poisoned food technique was used to determine the percentage of inhibition of Fol mycelial growth by the action of AgNPs. They were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM, JEOL JEM-2100, Tokyo, Japan) and ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-VIS, DU 730 Beckman Coulter, Brea, CA, USA). Five different concentrations of AgNPs (10, 20, 40, 75, and 150 mg/L) were evaluated in vitro in order to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) as well as the behavior of their antifungal activity in tomato fruit. Nanoparticles with spherical morphology and average diameters of 38.5 ± 18.5 nm were obtained. The maximum percentage of inhibition on the mycelial growth of Fol was 94.6 ± 0.1%, which was obtained using the AgNPs concentration of 150 mg/L and it was determined that the MIC corresponds to 75 mg/L. On the other hand, in a qualitative way, it was possible to observe an external inhibitory effect in the tomato fruit from the concentration of 10 mg/L. Finally, we can conclude that AgNPs are a viable alternative for alternative formulations applied in the agri-food industry as pesticide solutions.
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Iron molecule is of great importance in the synthesis of hemoglobin which is essential for oxygen transport. Iron levels are quantified by accurately high sensitivity tests, such as serum ferritin (SF). However, common studies to quantify SF are long and strenuous (~ 5 h), for example enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). In this paper, blood serum samples were analyzed by Raman spectroscopy (RS), and a computational analysis of spectra is proposed to detect differences in SF as an alternative procedure. Serum samples were obtained from 22 patients, 9 who were clinically diagnosed with anemia and 13 controls. Patients with anemia had low levels of SF (< 30 ng/ml), and a control group had levels between 30 and 500 ng/ml. The spectra obtained were conditioned with a baseline correction and smoothing, then evaluated by principal component analysis (PCA), and a predictive model was estimated by lineal discrimination analysis (LDA). The results showed a clear differentiation of the study groups by PCA, also 99.69% sensitivity and 100% specificity by LDA. This study suggest that Raman spectroscopy is a fast (~ 5 min) and a powerful tool capable to qualitative differentiate ferritin concentrations.
Asunto(s)
Ferritinas/sangre , Análisis de Componente Principal , Espectrometría Raman , Análisis Discriminante , Humanos , Hierro , Curva ROCRESUMEN
Introducción: el virus de la Varicela es causante de varias complicaciones en el curso de la misma, entre ellas está la Mielitis transversa. Su mecanismo es autoinmune y se reporta que 30 por ciento de los casos evoluciona de forma crónica con serias secuelas invalidantes.Objetivo: presentar una paciente con diagnóstico de Mielitis transversa aguda como complicación en el curso de la Varicela en el adulto. Presentación del caso: mujer de 45 años sin antecedentes patológicos y con 15 días de evolución con Varicela. Las manifestaciones clínicas neurológicas, el estudio del Líquido Cefalorraquídeo, las imágenes de la Resonancia Magnética Nuclear, la velocidad de conducción nerviosa, la respuesta a la terapéutica impuesta y la evolución apoyaron el diagnóstico.Conclusiones: la Mielitis transversa aguda es una complicación poco frecuente de la Varicela en el adulto. Con un diagnóstico temprano y un tratamiento oportuno la evolución puede ser favorable(AU)
Introduction: chickenpox virus causes several clinical complications during the course of the disease; among them is transverse Myelitis. Its mechanism is auto immune and 30 percent is reported to evolve to a chronic presentation with invalidating consequences. Objective: to show a patient with an acute transverse Myelitis as a complication of the course of the chickenpox in an adult. Case Presentation: we show a 45 years old female, without previous history of a disease and 15 days of evolution of the chickenpox. The clinical neurological manifestations supported by the study of the Cerebrospinal Fluid, the images of the Nuclear Magnetic Resonance , the speed of the nervous conduction, the response to the therapeutics and its evolution support the diagnosis.Conclusions: transverse Myelitis is a non-frequent complication of chickenpox in adults, with an early diagnosis and an appropriate treatment, the evolution could be positive(AU)
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HumanosRESUMEN
Introducción: el síndrome de la persona rígida constituye una extraña y poco frecuente reportada enfermedad neurológica. Objetivo: contribuir a la docencia de pregrado y postgrado y la comunicación para la comunidad médica en general. Presentación del caso: mujer de 60 años con espasmos musculares dolorosos y frecuentes del tronco y extremidades inferiores, postración, deformidad de ambos pies de 4 años de evolución. La Clínica, la Resonancia Magnética Nuclear (RMN), Electromiografía y otros estudios permitieron el diagnóstico. Discusión: los recursos terapéuticos son limitados y se señala son poco alentadores los resultados. Progresa y causa seria discapacidad hasta llegar a la invalidez. Los pacientes tienen una pobre calidad de la vida, serias afectaciones psicológicas y económicas y un índice excesivo de comorbilidad y hospitalizaciones. Conclusiones: es una entidad infrecuente tanto para el clínico como el neurólogo. Es una patología de difícil diagnóstico. Es el primer reporte en más de 50 años de creado nuestro centro hospitalario(AU)
Introduction: the Stiff person's syndrome is a strange and rare neurological reported disease. Objective: a case presentation that contributes in teaching in pre grade and post grade and the general medical community. Case presentation: 60 years old female, presenting painful and frequent muscle spasms in upper body, and both legs, prostration, deformity in her feet of 4 years of evolution. The clinical exam, the Magnetic nuclear Resonance, electromyography and other studies allowed diagnosis. Discussion: therapeutic resources are limited and it is pointed out the discouraging results. The disease progress and causes serious incapacity up to invalidity. Patients have a poor quality of life, serious psychological and economical affections and an excessive index of comorbidity and hospitalizations. Conclusions: it is a rare entity both to clinician and neurologist. Is a disease of a difficult diagnosis. It is the first report in more than 50 years in our institution(AU)
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HumanosRESUMEN
El propósito de este estudio fue describir la personalidad, el afecto y la inteligencia emocional a lo largo de la formación profesional, en 422 estudiantes de áreas empresariales. Se utilizó el Inventario de Personalidad NEO-FFI de Costa & McCrae (1994), el TMMS-24 (adaptado por Fernández-Berrocal, Extremera & Ramos, 2004) y el PANAS (adaptado por Sandín et al., 1999). Se encontraron niveles altos de neuroticismo y bajos de extraversión, apertura a la experiencia y amabilidad; niveles intermedios de inteligencia emocional y una afectividad positiva predominante. El neuroticismo se incrementó en algunos semestres, la apertura a la experiencia y la responsabilidad aunque presentan niveles bajos, tienden a incrementarse durante la formación. Los participantes se caracterizaron por su afectividad positiva, la cual no parece depender de los procesos formativos sino de sus características personales. Se discuten estos hallazgos en relación con la formación de líderes empresariales.
The purpose of this study was to describe the personality, the affect and the emotional intelligence of 422 business students throughout their training process. The Personality Inventory NEO-FFI of Costa & McCrae (1994), the Spanish versions of TMMS-24 (adapted by Fernández-Berrocal, Extremera, & Ramos, 2004) and the PANAS (adapted by Sandín et al., 1999), were used. We found high levels of Neuroticism and low levels of Extraversion, Openness to Experience and Agreeableness; Emotional Intelligence achieved intermediate levels, and a predominant positive affectivity. The neuroticism was increased in some semesters, the Openness to Experience and Conscientiousness although all of them had low levels, tended to increase during the formation. The participants are characterized by positive emotions, which does not seem to depend on the formation processes but their personal characteristics. These findings are discussed in relation to the training of business leaders.
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The aim of this study was to compare the shrinkage stress of composite resins by three methods. In the first method, composites were inserted between two stainless steel plates. One of the plates was connected to a 20 kgf load cell of a universal testing machine (EMIC-DL-500). In the second method, disk-shaped cavities were prepared in 2-mm-thick Teflon molds and filled with the different composites. Gaps between the composites and molds formed after polymerization were evaluated microscopically. In the third method, the wall-to-wall shrinkage stress of the resins that were placed in bovine dentin cavities was evaluated. The gaps were measured microscopically. Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA and Tukey's test (alpha=0.05). The obtained contraction forces were: Grandio = 12.18 +/- 0.428N; Filtek Z 250 = 11.80 +/- 0.760N; Filtek Supreme = 11.80 +/- 0.707 N; and Admira = 11.89 +/- 0.647 N. The gaps obtained between composites and Teflon molds were: Filtek Z 250 = 0.51 +/- 0.0357%; Filtek Supreme = 0.36 +/- 0.0438%; Admira = 0.25 +/- 0.0346% and Grandio = 0.16 +/- 0.008%. The gaps obtained in wall-to-wall contraction were: Filtek Z 250 = 11.33 +/- 2.160 microm; Filtek Supreme = 10.66 +/- 1.211 microm; Admira = 11.16 +/- 2.041 microm and Grandio = 10.50 +/- 1.224 microm. There were no significant differences among the composite resins obtained with the first (shrinkage stress generated during polymerization) and third method (wall-to-wall shrinkage). The composite resins obtained with the second method (Teflon method) differed significantly regarding gap formation.
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Resinas Compuestas/química , Materiales Dentales/química , Animales , Bovinos , Fenómenos Químicos , Preparación de la Cavidad Dental , Adaptación Marginal Dental , Dentina/ultraestructura , Ensayo de Materiales , Metacrilatos/química , Polímeros/química , Politetrafluoroetileno/química , Presión , Siloxanos/química , Estrés Mecánico , Propiedades de SuperficieRESUMEN
The aim of this study was to compare the shrinkage stress of composite resins by three methods. In the first method, composites were inserted between two stainless steel plates. One of the plates was connected to a 20 kgf load cell of a universal testing machine (EMIC-DL-500). In the second method, disk-shaped cavities were prepared in 2-mm-thick Teflon molds and filled with the different composites. Gaps between the composites and molds formed after polymerization were evaluated microscopically. In the third method, the wall-to-wall shrinkage stress of the resins that were placed in bovine dentin cavities was evaluated. The gaps were measured microscopically. Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA and Tukey's test (alpha=0.05). The obtained contraction forces were: Grandio = 12.18 ± 0.428N; Filtek Z 250 = 11.80 ± 0.760N; Filtek Supreme = 11.80 ± 0.707 N; and Admira = 11.89 ± 0.647 N. The gaps obtained between composites and Teflon molds were: Filtek Z 250 = 0.51 ± 0.0357 percent; Filtek Supreme = 0.36 ± 0.0438 percent; Admira = 0.25 ± 0.0346 percent and Grandio = 0.16 ± 0.008 percent. The gaps obtained in wall-to-wall contraction were: Filtek Z 250 = 11.33 ± 2.160 µm; Filtek Supreme = 10.66 ± 1.211µm; Admira = 11.16 ± 2.041 µm and Grandio = 10.50 ± 1.224 µm. There were no significant differences among the composite resins obtained with the first (shrinkage stress generated during polymerization) and third method (wall-to-wall shrinkage). The composite resins obtained with the second method (Teflon method) differed significantly regarding gap formation.
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Animales , Bovinos , Resinas Compuestas/química , Materiales Dentales/química , Fenómenos Químicos , Preparación de la Cavidad Dental , Adaptación Marginal Dental , Dentina/ultraestructura , Ensayo de Materiales , Metacrilatos/química , Presión , Polímeros/química , Politetrafluoroetileno/química , Estrés Mecánico , Propiedades de Superficie , Siloxanos/químicaRESUMEN
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the individual contraction force during polymerization of a composite resin (Z-250), a flowable composite (Filtek Flow, FF) and a resin-modified glass ionomer cement (Vitrebond, VB), and the transmission of Z-250 composite resin polymerization contraction force through different thicknesses of FF and VB. The experiment setup consisted of two identical parallel steel plates connected to a universal testing machine. One was fixed to a transversal base and the other to the equipment's cross head. The evaluated materials were inserted into a 1-mm space between the steel plates or between the inferior steel plate and a previously polymerized layer of an intermediate material (either FF or VB) adhered to the upper steel plate. The composite resin was light-cured with a halogen lamp with light intensity of 500 mW/cm² for 60 s. A force/time graph was obtained for each sample for up to 120 s. Seven groups of 10 specimens each were evaluated: G1: Z-250; G2: FF; G3: VB; G4: Z-250 through a 0.5-mm layer of FF; G5: Z-250 through a 1-mm layer of FF; G6: Z-250 through a 0.5-mm of VB; G7: Z-250 through a 1-mm layer of VB. They were averaged and compared using one-way ANOVA and Tukey test at a = 0.05. The obtained contraction forces were: G1: 6.3N + 0.2N; G2: 9.8 + 0.2N; G3: 1.8 + 0.2N; G4: 6.8N + 0.2N; G5: 6.9N + 0.3N; G6: 4.0N + 0.4N and G7: 2.8N + 0.4N. The use of VB as an intermediate layer promoted a significant decrease in polymerization contraction force values of the restorative system, regardless of material thickness. The use of FF as an intermediate layer promoted an increase in polymerization contraction force values with both material thicknesses.
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El propósito de este estudio fue observar si los estilos de afrontamiento asumidos por un grupo de 41 pacientes con IRC guardan relación con su calidad de vida. Para ello, se utilizaron los instrumentos SF-36 y CAE. Se observó un deterioro importante en la calidad de vida de estos pacientes; no obstante, su funcionamiento social se encontró preservado. De acuerdo con los resultados, el afrontamiento focalizado en la solución de problemas correlacionó positivamente con salud mental, mientras que la auto-focalización negativa se asoció inversamente con la mayoría de las dimensiones de calidad de vida evaluadas. La evitación y la religiosidad, como estilos de atontamiento, presentaron resultados distintos a los hallados por otros autores. Se discuten las implicaciones de estos hallazgos.
The purpose of this study was to observe if the coping styles of 41 patients with chronic kidney disease were related to their quality of life. The SF-36 and CAE questionnaires were the instruments used. Significant decline in quality of life was evidenced in these patients. Nevertheless, their social functioning was preserved. Results showed that the coping style focused on problem solving was positively correlated with mental health whereas the negative self-focused coping style was inversely related to most dimensions of quality of life that were evaluated. Different results were found about avoidance and religiosity as coping styles. The implications of these results are discussed.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Calidad de Vida , Adaptación PsicológicaRESUMEN
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the individual contraction force during polymerization of a composite resin (Z-250), a flowable composite (Filtek Flow, FF) and a resin-modified glass ionomer cement (Vitrebond, VB), and the transmission of Z-250 composite resin polymerization contraction force through different thicknesses of FF and VB. The experiment setup consisted of two identical parallel steel plates connected to a universal testing machine. One was fixed to a transversal base and the other to the equipment's cross head. The evaluated materials were inserted into a 1-mm space between the steel plates or between the inferior steel plate and a previously polymerized layer of an intermediate material (either FF or VB) adhered to the upper steel plate. The composite resin was light-cured with a halogen lamp with light intensity of 500 mW/cm(2) for 60 s. A force/time graph was obtained for each sample for up to 120 s. Seven groups of 10 specimens each were evaluated: G1: Z-250; G2: FF; G3: VB; G4: Z-250 through a 0.5-mm layer of FF; G5: Z-250 through a 1-mm layer of FF; G6: Z-250 through a 0.5-mm of VB; G7: Z-250 through a 1-mm layer of VB. They were averaged and compared using one-way ANOVA and Tukey test at a = 0.05. The obtained contraction forces were: G1: 6.3N + 0.2N; G2: 9.8 + 0.2N; G3: 1.8 + 0.2N; G4: 6.8N + 0.2N; G5: 6.9N + 0.3N; G6: 4.0N + 0.4N and G7: 2.8N + 0.4N. The use of VB as an intermediate layer promoted a significant decrease in polymerization contraction force values of the restorative system, regardless of material thickness. The use of FF as an intermediate layer promoted an increase in polymerization contraction force values with both material thicknesses.
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Este artigo apresenta os aspectos práticos da odontologia legal na identificação de cadáveres através da arcada dentária, mostrando ao cirurgião-dentista alguns conceitos básicos que poderão contribuir na eventual necessidade de estar atuando em auxílio aos trabalhos de perícia
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Arco Dental , Odontología Forense , Identificación de VíctimasRESUMEN
Este estudio tuvo como propósito determinar si las variables psicológicas percepción de autoeficacia yansiedad guardan relación con el rendimiento académicoen un grupo de 120 estudiantes de secundaria de un colegio privado de Bogotá. Para ello, se aplicóla Escala de Autoeficacia Generalizada [EAG] y el Cuestionario de Ansiedad Estado - Rasgo [STAI]. Los resultados evidenciaron que la autoeficacia está asociada directamente con el rendimiento académico general, mientras que la ansiedad no. Al examinar por áreas de conocimiento, se encontró que tanto la autoeficacia como la ansiedad resultan ser significativas para la predicción del rendimiento académico. Se discute el papel contextual de la ansiedad así como de su posible mediación en la autoeficacia y el rendimiento académico...
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Adolescente , AnsiedadRESUMEN
O objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar a intensidade das forças geradas durante a contração de polimerização de 17 resinas híbridas de ativação física. Foram utilizadas duas bases de aço em forma retangular (6 X 2mm), posicionadas paralelamente, sendo uma conectada ao braço móvel da máquina de ensaios (Emic - DL 500), através da cédula de carga de 10Kg, e a outra ao braço fixo. As resinas foram introduzidas entre as bases metálicas, com 1mm de altura, volume de 12mm³ e fator C de 1,5. As bases ficaram fixas durante o ensaio (120s) e as tensões geradas durane a polimerização foram registradas, num total de 10 ensaios para cada resina. As resinas foram polimerizadas durante 60 segundos com luz halógena (Dentsply - 500mW/cm²). Os materiais avaliados foram: Admira (Voco), Amelogen (Ultradent), Brilliant (Coltène), Charisma (Külzer), Concept (Vigodent), Definite (Degussa), Esthet-X (Dentsply), Fill Magic (Vigodent), Miris (Coltène/Whaladent), Renamel (Cosmedent), Renew (Bisco), Synergy (Coltène), Tetric Ceram (Vivadent), TPH (Dentsply), Vitalenscence (Ultradent), Z100 (3M) e Z250(3M). Os valores obtidos durante dois minutos foram registrados (curva Força X Tempo) e as médias comparadas através da análise de variância e teste de Tukey. Os menores valores foram obtidos para Ranamel (5.616N), Admira (5.871N), Synergy (5.960N) e Z250 (5.965N) enquanto que os maiores valores foram apresentados pelas resinas Z100 (8.508N) e Renew (10.03N), com diferenças significantes em relação às outras resinas do estudo. As resinas compostas avaliadas apresentaram diferentes intensidades nas forças geradas durante a contração de polimerização
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Ensayo de Materiales , Resinas Compuestas/química , Análisis del Estrés Dental , Elasticidad , Luz , Polietilenos , Estrés Mecánico , Factores de Tiempo , Ensayo de Materiales/instrumentaciónRESUMEN
Neste artigo foram descritos os vários fatores relacionados à bulimia nervosa, no que tange ao diagnóstico e, principalmente, ao tratamento, em função do envolvimento estético decorrente desta alteração patológica. Um caso clínico de bulimia nervosa foi descrito, enfatizando a importância e as vantagens do tratamento conservador, bem como os cuidados e passos operatórios para que os objetivos do mesmo sejam atingidos
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Humanos , Femenino , Adulto , Bulimia , Coronas con Frente Estético , Erosión de los Dientes , Restauración Dental Permanente/métodosRESUMEN
Se evaluó la filtración marginal en cavidades clase V restauradas con una aleación de amalgama con alto contenido de cobre, utilizando un barniz cavitario y un adhesivo. En 30 dientes extraídos se prepararon cavidades clase V sobre las caras vestibulares y se dividieron en tres grupos: grupo A: sin barniz cavitario, grupo B: Copalite y grupo C: Amalgambond Plus (Parkell). Todos los grupos fueron restaurados con una aleación de amalgama con alto contenido de cobre. las piezas fueron almacenadas en saliva artificial por 7 días a 37 grados C, luego termocicladas (5 grados C, 37 grados y 55 grados C) por 100 ciclos y sumergidas en una solución de azul de metileno durante 12 horas. Se efectuaron cortes longitudinales para la visualización bajo microscopio estereoscopio. Para la evaluación se clasificó en 4 grados; 0 ausencia de sustancia colorante, 1 presencia en el tercio superficial, 2 presencia en el tercio medio, 3 presencia en el tercio o pared axial. Los resultados fueron analizados a través de la prueba estadística Kruskall Wallis y U de Mann Whitney. Se concluyó que no existe diferencia estadísticamente significativa entre el Amalgambond Plus y Copalite, y ambos se comportaron mejor que el grupo control
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Adhesivos/uso terapéutico , Amalgama Dental , Recubrimiento de la Cavidad Dental , Filtración Dental/prevención & control , Técnicas In Vitro , Preparación de la Cavidad Dental , CobreRESUMEN
El propósito de este estudio fue evaluar la influencia del diseño cavitario sobre la microfiltración de restauraciones clase V con resina compuesta. Se utilizaron 20 molares humanos extraídos y se prepararon cavidades clase V en las caras bucal y lingual. Las cavidades del grupo A tenían una profundidad de 1 mm. y un largo de 4 mm. y las del grupo C y D una profundidad de 2 mm. y un largo de 2 mm. El ancho fue de 2 mm. para todos los grupos. Los grupos A, B y C fueron acondicionados con ácido maleico al 10 por ciento (gel etchant, Sotchbond MP) por 15 segundos, lavado, secado, se aplicó el imprimante (Primer, Scotchbond MP) y polimerizado por 10 segundos. Luego se aplicó la resina compuesta (Z-100) y se polimerizó por 40 segundos. Para el grupo D se aplicó el ionómero de vidrio (Vitrebond) por 30 segundos y se realizó la restauración como en los grupos A, B y C. Entre los grupos A y C se evaluó si existía influencia del volumen de resina compuesta, entre los grupos B y C si existía influencia del "factor de configuración" (superficie adherida/superficie libre) y entre los grupos C y D si existía influencia del uso del cemento de ionómero de vidrio como material de base. En los resultados no se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significaticas entre ninguno de los grupos evaluados. No existió influencia del volumen de resina compuesta aplicada, la configuración de la cavidad y el uso del cemento de ionómero de vidrio como base en la microfiltración de restauraciones de clase V con resina compuesta