Therapeutic potential of implanted tissue-engineered bioartificial muscles delivering recombinant proteins to the sheep heart.

Tissue-engineered primary adult sheep muscle cells genetically engineered to express either rhVEGF or rhIGF-1 secreted the bioactive proteins locally in the sheep heart for at least 30 days.

Recombinant vascular endothelial growth factor secreted from tissue-engineered bioartificial muscles promotes localized angiogenesis.

BACKGROUND: Therapeutic angiogenesis by the administration of recombinant vascular endothelial growth factor (rVEGF) is a novel strategy for the treatment of ischemic disorders. rVEGF has been delivered as a protein, by plasmid DNA, and by genetically engineered cells with different pharmacokinetic and physiological properties. In the present study, we examined a new method for delivery of rVEGF using implantable bioartificial muscle (BAM) tissues made from genetically modified primary skeletal myoblasts. Our goal was to determine whether the rVEGF delivered by this technique promoted controlled angiogenesis in nonischemic and/or ischemic adult mouse tissue. METHODS AND RESULTS: Primary adult mouse myoblasts were retrovirally transduced to secrete human or mouse rVEGF and tissue-engineered into implantable 1x10 to 15-mm BAMs containing parallel arrays of postmitotic myofibers. In vitro, they secreted 290 to 511 ng of bioactive mouse or human VEGF/BAM per day. rVEGF BAMs implanted subcutaneously into syngeneic mice caused a 30-fold increase in the number of CD31-positive capillary cells within the BAM by 1 week compared with control BAMs. Implantation of rVEGF-secreting BAMs into ischemic hindlimbs resulted in a 2- to 3-fold increase in capillary density of neighboring host muscle by 1 week and out to 4 weeks with no evidence of hemangioma formation. CONCLUSIONS: Local delivery of rVEGF from BAMs rapidly increases capillary density both within the BAM itself and in adjacent ischemic muscle tissue. Genetically engineered muscle tissue provides a method for therapeutic protein delivery in a dose-regulated fashion.

[An indicator of needs for the regional allocation of public health resources in Quebec]. / Un indicateur de besoins pour l'allocation régionale des ressources en santé publique au Québec.

This paper proposes an indicator of needs for regional resource allocation in public health in Quebec. In the literature, the only reported measure of needs for regional resource allocation in public health has two parameters: size of population and Potential Years of Life Lost for preventable causes of death (APVP-EV). We verified whether APVP-EV were associated with various indices of socioeconomic conditions and lifestyle, preventive behaviours, satisfaction with social life, healthy life expectancy and some clienteles specific to public health. Our analysis indicates that the rate of Potential Years of Life Lost by avoidable causes is significantly related to all variables except satisfaction with social life. We therefore propose using size of population and its rate of APVP-EV to determine regional allocation of resources in public health.

The selection of needs indicators for regional resource allocation in the fields of health and social services in Québec.

In Québec, recent political statements have strengthened the necessity to allocate resources according to regional population needs. A regional-provincial working group was set up to propose needs indicators in 8 different fields-or client-oriented programs-which subdivide the entire spectrum of health and social services in Québec. These programs include physical health, mental health, public health, functionally impaired elderly people, physical deficiency, intellectual deficiency, alcoholism and drug abuse and problems (abuse, neglect, delinquency) among young people and their families. The following paper summarizes the main proposals of the working group. Some comments are made on the definition of client-oriented programs, basic concepts, research questions and methodological approaches. Concrete examples are given in order to illustrate the type of data and methods used. Furthermore, the indicators selected for resource allocation (in each of the 8 client-oriented programs) are presented on a regional basis (n = 18) and introduced in a principal component analysis. Their variations are discussed and recommendations to facilitate their use and promote their development are made. Finally, the actual utilization of these indicators is reported.

[Double approach to the study of high jumping: attention demands and biomechanics]. / Double approche pour l'étude du saut en hauteur: attention exigée et biomécanique.

A double approach was used to study high jumping: attention demands and biomechanic. The main goal was to determine if the methodology used to measure the attention demands did interfere with high jumping performance. Two sub-goals were also aimed: (a) to find the main characteristics of the attention demands of high jumping; (b) to find the main kinetic characteristics of high jumping. Two members of the canadian olympic team were tested. Results showed that the methodology using to measure the attention demands did not seem to interfere with subject's performance, the later being evaluated by means of force time variations during the take-off. Results also showed that: a) high jumping seems to require considerable amount of attention even for international caliber high jumpers, and b) there were differences between Straddle and Fosbury Flop techniques as far as kinetic date were concerned.