Seroprevalencia del SARS-CoV-2 en los pacientes con enfermedades inmunomediadas en tratamiento con terapias biológicas y sintéticos dirigidos / Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in patients with immune-mediated inflammatory diseases treated with biological and synthetic targeted therapies

INTRODUCCIÓN: La seroprevalencia del SARS-CoV-2 en las enfermedades inflamatorias inmunomediadas (IMID) sigue siendo fuente de controversia. OBJETIVO: Comparar la seroprevalencia de anticuerpos (Ac) anti SARS-CoV-2 en pacientes con IMID en tratamientos con fármacos antirreumáticos modificadores de la enfermedad biológicos (FAMEb) o sintéticos dirigidos (FAMEsd) frente a un grupo de personas sin IMID. MÉTODOS: Estudio de pacientes con IMID y tratamientos con FAMEb y FAMEsd y de individuos sin IMID. Mediante la técnica de inmunoensayo por quimioluminiscencia indirecta, se determinaron las serologías IgG frente al SARS-CoV-2 entre octubre/2020 y mayo/2021. RESULTADOS: Se estudiaron 1.100 sujetos, 550 pacientes con IMID y 550 personas sin IMID. Se observó una seroprevalencia de 16% (88/550) en los pacientes frente a 19,3% (106/550) en el grupo de personas sin IMID, sin significación estadística (OR 0,790 [IC 95% 0,558-1,118]). Comparando los tratamientos con FAMEb o FAMEsd, se observó una tendencia a una menor seroprevalencia con rituximab, en relación con los individuos sin IMID (OR 0,296 [IC 95% 0,0871,007]). Asimismo, se encontró menor seroprevalencia en los pacientes que además de su FAMEb recibían tratamiento con metotrexato, en comparación con el grupo de personas sin IMID (OR 0,432 [IC 95% 0,223-0,835]). CONCLUSIONES: Las IMID en tratamiento con FAMEb o FAMEsd no influyen en la seroprevalencia frente al SARS-CoV-2 de los pacientes. El tratamiento concomitante con metotrexato disminuye de forma significativa la seroprevalencia en estos pacientes.

BACKGROUND: The seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 in immunemediated inflammatory diseases (IMID) remains controversial. AIM: To compare the seroprevalence of antibodies (Ab) to SARS-CoV-2 in patients with IMID receiving treatment with biological diseasemodifying antirheumatic drugs (bDMARD) or targeted synthetic (tsDMARD) versus a group of people without IMID. METHODS: Study of patients with IMID and treatments with bDMARD and tsDMARD and individuals without IMID. IgG serology against SARS-CoV-2 was measured using the two-step sandwich immunoassay technique by indirect chemiluminescence between October 2020 and May 2021. RESULTS: A total of 1100 subjects were studied, 550 patients with IMID and 550 persons without IMID. A seroprevalence of 16% (88/550) was observed in patients versus 19.3% (106/550) in the group of people without IMID, without statistical significance (OR 0.790 [95% CI 0.558-1.118]). Comparing the treatments with bD- MARD or tsDMARD, there was a tendency to lower seroprevalence with rituximab, in relation to individuals without IMID (OR 0.296 [95% CI 0.087-1.007]). In addition, lower seroprevalence was found in patients who received methotrexate treatment in addition to their bDMARD, compared to the group of individuals without IMID (OR 0.432 [95% CI 0.223-0.835]). CONCLUSIONS: IMIDs in treatment with bDMARDs or tsDMARDs do not influence the seroprevalence against SARS-CoV-2 in patients. Concomitant treatment with methotrexate significantly decreased seroprevalence in these patients.

Beyond cannabinoids: Application of NMR-based metabolomics for the assessment of Cannabis sativa L. crop health.

While Cannabis sativa L. varieties have been traditionally characterized by their major cannabinoid profile, it is now well established that other plant metabolites can also have physiological effects, including minor cannabinoids, terpenes, and flavonoids. Given the multiple applications of cannabis in the medical field, it is therefore critical to characterize it according to its chemical composition (i.e., its metabolome) and not only its botanical traits. With this in mind, the cannabinoid and metabolomic profiles from inflorescences of two C. sativa varieties with either high Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinolic acid (THCA) or high cannabidiolic acid (CBDA) contents harvested at different times were studied. According to results from HPLC and NMR-based untargeted metabolomic analyses of organic and aqueous plant material extracts, we show that in addition to expected variations according to cannabinoid profiles, it is possible to distinguish between harvests of the same variety. In particular, it was possible to correlate variations in the metabolome with presence of powdery mildew, leading to the identification of molecular markers associated with this fungal infection in C. sativa.

Descripción de la composición corporal en una cohorte de oficiales activos en el Ejército de Colombia

La composición corporal en población militar es indispensable en la caracterización del estado nutricional, lo cual representa la acumulación de grasa, huesos, agua y músculo total en el cuerpo. Objetivo: Describir y analizar variables de la composición corporal en datos recolectados de una muestra de oficiales del Ejército Nacional de Colombia. Metodología: Estudio descriptivo entre oficiales con la finalidad determinar la composición corporal y bioimpedancia con el estado nutricional como un indicador de riesgos sobre la salud, utilizando un tallímetro, báscula con precisión de 100 gramos, cinta antropométrica flexible, compás de pequeños diámetros y de pliegues cutáneos. Se consideró un valor de p estadísticamente significativo <0,05. Resultados: La muestra de oficiales recolectada está compuesta por un total de 96 sujetos, con una división de rangos militares de la siguiente manera: teniente (n= 28), capitán (n=23), mayor (n=15), teniente coronel (n=10), subteniente (n=4) y coronel (n=1). La diferencia de edad y peso entre el grupo de oficiales superiores y subalternos fue de 11,33 años (p=0,089) y 1,42 kilogramos (p=0,235), respectivamente. El valor esperado de la flexibilidad fue diferente entre grupos, siendo mayor en el grupo de oficiales subalternos (p=0,016). Conclusión: Las variables de composición corporal no presentaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre los grupos oficiales superiores y subalternos.

Background: Body composition in the military population is essential in the characterization of nutritional status, representing the accumulation of fat, bone, water, and total muscle in the body. Objective: Describe and analyze variables of the CP data collected from a sample of officers of the Colombian National Army. Methodology: Descriptive study among officers in order to determine body composition and bioimpedance with nutritional status as an indicator of health risks, using a height rod, a scale with a precision of 100 grams, a flexible anthropometric tape, a small diameter compass and skinfold compass. A statistically significant p value of <0.05 is considered. Results: The sample of officers collected is composed of a total of 96 subjects with a division of military ranks as follows: lieutenant (n= 28), captain (n=23), major (n=15), lieutenant colonel ( n=10), second lieutenant (n=4) and colonel (n=1). The difference in age and weight between the group of senior and junior officers was 11.33 years (p=0.089) and 1.42 kilograms (p=0.235), respectively. The expected value of flexibility is different between groups, being higher in the group of junior officers (p=0.016). Conclusion: The body composition variables did not present statistically significant differences between the superior and subordinate official groups.

El efecto del tipo de acondicionamiento físico sobre la insulina y glucosa en las distintas fases del ejercicio

Objetivo: Describir el comportamiento de la glucosa y la insulina durante las etapas del ejercicio en atletas acondicionados en ejercicio aeróbico y anaeróbico. Materiales y métodos: En un estudio cuasiexperimental de corte transversal se compararon la glucosa e insulina de 6 atletas anaeróbicos y 10 aeróbicos durante el reposo, ejercicio de moderada - alta intensidad y la recuperación. Se eligió un valor p de <0.05, se encontró distribución no-normal y se utilizaron pruebas no paramétricas y modelos de regresión linear. Resultados: El ejercicio moderado llevó a hipoinsulinemia, y el intenso a hiperinsulinemia e hiperglicemia. No encontramos diferencias entre los dos tipos de atletas. Conclusiones: El comportamiento del sistema nervioso autónomo afectaría el balance glucoenergético corporal durante el ejercicio aún más que la insulina, con variaciones dependiendo del tipo de entrenamiento, pero es necesario realizar estudios adicionales para evaluar esta relación.

Objective: Describe glucose and insulin behavior at the different phases of exercise in aerobic and anaerobic athletes. Materials and methods: Glucose and insulin from 6 anaerobic and 10 aerobic athletes were compared during rest, moderate-high intensity exercise, and recovery. Statistical analysis was performed to evaluate insulin and glucose behavior, and differences between aerobic aerobic and anaeribic-trained individuals. A p value of <0.05 was set. A non-normal distribution was found, non-parametric tests and multivariate analysis were performed. Results: Moderate exercise led to hypoinsulinemia, whereas intense exercise caused hyper-insulinemia and hyperglycemia. No differences were found between the 2 groups. Conclusions: Autonomic nervous system behavior may play a role in the glucoenergetic balance that could overcome insulin effect, and it could vary depeding on the type of exercise régimen but further evaluation is necessary to confirm these findings

Evolución de los niveles séricos de proteína C-reactiva y procalcitonina tras resección hepática / Evolution of C-reactive protein and procalcitonin serum levels after hepatic resection

Resumen Objetivo: Evaluar la evolución de los niveles séricos de proteína C-reactiva y procalcitonina tras resección hepática. Materiales y Método: Estudio observacional prospectivo, con pacientes con diferentes tipos de resección hepática, sin infección ni complicaciones mayores posoperatorias. Los niveles de proteína C-reactiva y procalcitonina se midieron el día anterior a la cirugía y diariamente, hasta el 7° día, o hasta el alta, lo primero que ocurriera. Resultados: Se incluyeron 42 pacientes. Los niveles de procalcitonina, a las 24 h, correlacionaban significativamente con la duración de la operación (p = 0,04). A las 48 h, los niveles de proteína C-reactiva fueron mayores en las resecciones hepáticas no lobares que en las lobares (p = 0,049). A las 24 h, los niveles de procalcitonina aumentaron más en las hepatectomías mayores que en las menores (p = 0,017). Los niveles de procalcitonina fueron significativamente menores en los pacientes con abordaje laparoscópico en los 4 primeros días. Conclusión: La resección hepática produce un aumento de los niveles séricos de proteína C-reactiva y procalcitonina, pero con menor intensidad si el abordaje es laparoscópico. Los niveles séricos de proteína C-reactiva tienden a ser mayores en las hepatectomías menos extensas, mientras que los de procalcitonina tienden a ser mayores en las más extensas.

Aim: To evaluate the postoperative evolution of C-reactive protein and procalcitonin after hepatic resection. Materials and Method: Prospective observational study, including patients with different types of hepatic resection, without infectious or major postoperative complications. Procalcitonin and C-reactive protein serum levels were measured on the day prior to surgery and every day after surgery until the seventh postoperative day. Results: Forty-two patients were included. There was a significant correlation between procalcitonin levels at 24 hours after surgery and the overall length of surgery (p = 0.04). C-reactive protein was higher in nonlobar hepatectomies than in lobar hepatectomies 48 hours after surgery (p = 0.049). Procalcitonin was higher in major hepatectomies than in minor hepatectomies 24 hours after surgery (p = 0.017). Procalcitonin levels were significantly lower in patients with laparoscopic approach in the first four postoperative days. Conclusion: Hepatic resection increases the serum levels of C-reactive protein and procalcitonin, but with less intensity if the approach is laparoscopic. C-reactive protein levels tend to be higher in less extensive hepatectomies and procalcitonin levels tend to be higher in more extensive resections.

Over-the-counter mouthwash use, nitric oxide and hypertension risk.

Purpose: Mouthwash is used by a large population. Short-term clinical trials have shown that antibacterial mouthwash deplete oral nitrate-reducing bacteria, and decrease systemic nitric oxide bioavailability. Our previous publication from the San Juan Overweight Adults Longitudinal Study (SOALS) was the first to show frequent over-the-counter mouthwash use was independently associated with increased risk of prediabetes/diabetes. This manuscript evaluates whether over-the-counter mouthwash was associated with increased risk of hypertension.Materials and methods: SOALS recruited 40-65 year old overweight/obese individuals; baseline evaluations started in 2011 and the 3-year follow-up exam was completed by 2016. From the 1028 participants (76%) who completed follow-up, we excluded people with reported physician diagnosis of hypertension or systolic or diastolic BP at or above the hypertension cut-offs (n = 481), missing smoking (n = 1), missing physical activity (n = 1) and missing alcohol intake (n = 5) at baseline; 540 participants were included. The primary exposure was mouthwash use twice daily or more. The primary outcome for this manuscript is self-reported physician-diagnosed hypertension over the follow-up. We used Poisson regression controlling for age, sex, smoking, physical activity, waist circumference, alcohol intake, systolic blood pressure, pre-diabetes/diabetes status and cardiac medication use. We additionally evaluated other mouthwash use categorizations.Results: Twelve percent (66/540) developed hypertension over follow-up. People who used mouthwash twice/day or more had higher incidence of hypertension compared to less frequent users (Incidence Rate Ratio = 1.85; 95% Confidence Interval: 1.17, 2.94), and compared to non-users (IRR = 2.17; 95% CI: 1.27, 3.71). Several additional potential confounders evaluated did not impact these associations. Associations persisted among never smokers. Additional outcomes including BP assessed at a single study visit did not show associations.Conclusion: In this study, frequent regular use of over-the-counter mouthwash was associated with increased risk of hypertension, independent of major risk factors for hypertension and several other potential confounders.

Acute effect of vaporized Cannabis on sleep and electrocortical activity.

The use of Cannabis for medical purposes is rapidly expanding and is usually employed as a self-medication for the treatment of insomnia disorder. However, the effect on sleep seems to depend on multiple factors such as composition of the Cannabis, dosage and route of administration. Vaporization is the recommended route for the administration of Cannabis for medical purposes; however, there is no published research about the effects of vaporized Cannabis on sleep, neither in laboratory animals, nor in humans. Because previous reports suggested that low doses of THC have sedating effects, the aim of the present study was to characterize in rats, the acute effects on sleep induced by the administration of low doses of THC by means of vaporization of a specific type of Cannabis (THC 11.5% and negligible amounts of other cannabinoids). For this purpose, polysomnographic recordings in chronically prepared rats were performed during 6 h in the light and dark phases. Animals were treated with 0 (control), 40, 80 and 200 mg of Cannabis immediately before the beginning of recordings; the THC plasma concentrations with these doses were low (up to 6.7 ng/mL with 200 mg). A quantitative EEG analyses by means of the spectral power and coherence estimations was also performed for the highest Cannabis dose. Compared to control, 200 mg of Cannabis increased NREM sleep time during the light phase, but only during the first hour of recording. Interestingly, no changes on sleep were observed during the dark (active) phase or with lower doses of Cannabis. Cannabis 200 mg also produced EEG power reductions in different cortices, mainly for high frequency bands during W and REM sleep, but only during the light phase. On the contrary, a reduction in the sleep spindles intra-hemispheric coherence was observed during NREM sleep, but only during the dark phase. In conclusion, administration of low doses of THC by vaporization of a specific type of Cannabis produced a small increment of NREM sleep, but only during the light (resting) phase. This was accompanied by subtle modifications of high frequency bands power (during the light phase) and spindle coherence (during the dark phase), which are associated with cognitive processing. Our results reassure the importance of exploring the sleep-promoting properties of Cannabis.

Video-laringoscopio de bajo costo desarrollado con tecnología de impresión 3D. Unidad de (i+d) Biomodelos 3D / Low cost laringoscope video developed using 3D printing technology

Video laryngoscopes appear as a very useful new tool in the management of the airway, but costs of these devices are the main problem in institutions having limited budgets. An alternative is the construction of low cost video laryngoscopes modeled using free software and materialized with 3D printers in plastic material (ABS). Low cost video laryngoscopes can display and store good quality images, can work in confined spaces, are easily portable and allow to interact with the instructor, who will have the opportunity to repeat images recorded in previous maneuvers. In addition, it is easy to use and has optimum performance for educational purposes on airway-simulation models. This first stage would allow us to access to a line of work for the development of devices applicable to daily clinical practice.

Los video-laringoscopios aparecen como una nueva herramienta muy útil en el manejo de la vía aérea, pero los costos de estos dispositivos son la principal limitante en Instituciones con recursos limitados. Una alternativa es la construcción de video-laringoscopios de bajo costo modelados utilizando software gratuito y materializados con impresoras 3D en material plástico (ABS). El video-laringoscopio de bajo costo muestra y almacena imágenes de buena calidad, es apto para espacios reducidos, de fácil portabilidad y permite interactuar con el instructor quien tendrá la oportunidad de repetir la visualización de imágenes grabadas en maniobras previas.Además, esfácil de reproducir y tiene un desempeño óptimo a los fines educativos en modelos de simulación de vía aérea. Esta primera etapa, permitiría acceder a una línea de trabajo para la elaboración de dispositivos aplicables a la práctica clínica diaria.

Histopathological features of post-mortem pituitaries: A retrospective analysis / Características histopatológicas de hipófises post mortem: análise retrospectiva

SUMMARY Objective: As a result of the use of neuroimaging techniques, silent pituitary lesions are diagnosed more and more frequently; however, there are few published post-mortem studies about this gland. Incidence data of pituitary lesions are rare and in Portugal they are outdated or even non-existent. The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of normal patterns and incidental post-mortem pituitary pathology at Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Norte, analyzing the associations with clinical data and assessing the clinical relevance of the findings. Method: We reviewed retrospectively and histologically 167 pituitaries of a consecutive series of autopsies from the Department of Pathology of this centre. They were done between 2012 and 2014, and in all cases medical records were reviewed. The morphological patterns observed, were classified into three major groups: 1) Normal histological patterns and variants; 2) Infectious-inflammatory pathology, metabolic and vascular disorders; 3) Incidental primary proliferation and secondary to systemic diseases. Results: The subjects included in this study were of all age groups (from 1 day to 91 years old), 71 were female and 96 male. Fifty-seven of these glands didn’t show any alteration; 51 showed colloid cysts arising from Rathke cleft; 44 presented hyperplasia in adenohypophysis and we identified 20 adenomas in 19 glands (immunohistochemically, eight PRL-producing and five ACTH-producing tumors), ten of which associated with obesity, 11 to hypertension and six to diabetes mellitus. There were two cases with metastasis. Conclusion: Subclinical pathology in our country is similar to that seen in other parts of the world, but at older ages.

RESUMO Objetivo: como resultado da utilização de técnicas de neuroimagem, cada vez se diagnosticam mais lesões hipofisárias silentes; porém, há poucos estudos post mortem publicados sobre essa glândula. Os dados de incidência existentes sobre lesões hipofisárias são raros, sendo em Portugal desatualizados ou inexistentes. O objetivo é determinar a prevalência dos padrões normais e da patologia hipofisária incidental post mortem no Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Norte, analisando as associações com dados clínicos e avaliando a relevância clínica dos achados. Método: revisaram-se histologicamente de forma retrospectiva 167 hipófises de uma série consecutiva de autópsias do Serviço de Anatomia Patológica desse centro, realizadas entre 2012 e 2014, sendo revisadas em todos os casos as histórias clínicas. Os padrões morfológicos observados classificaram-se em três grandes grupos: 1) padrões histológicos de normalidade e variantes; 2) patologia infeccioso-inflamatória, distúrbios metabólicos e transtornos vasculares; 3) proliferação primária incidental e secundária a doenças sistêmicas. Resultados: os doentes incluíam todas as faixas etárias (de 1 dia a 91 anos), sendo 71 do sexo feminino e 96 do masculino. Cinquenta e sete das glândulas não apresentaram qualquer alteração; 51 mostraram cistos coloides derivados da fissura de Rathke; em 44, observou-se hiperplasia da adeno-hipófise e identificaram-se 20 adenomas em 19 glândulas (oito imuno-histoquimicamente produtores de PRL e cinco de ACTH), dos quais dez associados à obesidade, 11 à hipertensão arterial e seis a diabetes mellitus. Houve dois casos com metástases. Conclusão: a patologia subclínica em nosso meio é similar à observada em outras partes do mundo, mas em idades mais avançadas.

Histopathological features of post-mortem pituitaries: A retrospective analysis.

OBJECTIVE: As a result of the use of neuroimaging techniques, silent pituitary lesions are diagnosed more and more frequently; however, there are few published post-mortem studies about this gland. Incidence data of pituitary lesions are rare and in Portugal they are outdated or even non-existent. The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of normal patterns and incidental post-mortem pituitary pathology at Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Norte, analyzing the associations with clinical data and assessing the clinical relevance of the findings. METHOD: We reviewed retrospectively and histologically 167 pituitaries of a consecutive series of autopsies from the Department of Pathology of this centre. They were done between 2012 and 2014, and in all cases medical records were reviewed. The morphological patterns observed, were classified into three major groups: 1) Normal histological patterns and variants; 2) Infectious-inflammatory pathology, metabolic and vascular disorders; 3) Incidental primary proliferation and secondary to systemic diseases. RESULTS: The subjects included in this study were of all age groups (from 1 day to 91 years old), 71 were female and 96 male. Fifty-seven of these glands didn't show any alteration; 51 showed colloid cysts arising from Rathke cleft; 44 presented hyperplasia in adenohypophysis and we identified 20 adenomas in 19 glands (immunohistochemically, eight PRL-producing and five ACTH-producing tumors), ten of which associated with obesity, 11 to hypertension and six to diabetes mellitus. There were two cases with metastasis. CONCLUSION: Subclinical pathology in our country is similar to that seen in other parts of the world, but at older ages.

Imported chikungunya fever in Madrid. / Fiebre chikungunya importada en Madrid.

Chikungunya Fever is a mosquito-transmitted viral disease that causes fever, rash and musculoskeletal complaints. The latest may persist for several months, or even years or developed a relapsing course, that deserve an adequate treatment. Due to the large outbreak declared in the Caribbean in 2013, imported cases of Chikungunya as well as the risk of autochthonous transmission in case of available vectors have increased in non-endemic countries, like Spain. We described four cases of Chikungunya treated in our clinic.

Características clínicas e histopatológicas del carcinoma escamocelular bucal en el periodo 1990-2004 en Medellín, Colombia / Clinical and histopathological features of oral squamocellular carcinoma during 1990-2004 in Medellin, Colombia

El carcinoma escamocelular bucal es una neoplasia maligna frecuente en la cavidad bucal, sin embargo, no existe información sobre la incidencia y el comportamiento clínico e histológico de este tipo de cáncer en Antioquia, Colombia. Este estudio proveyó información acerca de las características clínicas e histopatológicas del carcinoma escamocelular bucal, proveniente de historias clínicas de 197 pacientes, con un total de 112 hombres (56,9 por ciento) y 85 mujeres (43,1 por ciento), atendidos en el Hospital Universitario San Vicente de Paúl, en Medellín, Colombia, durante un periodo de 14 años. La localización más frecuente del carcinoma escamocelular bucal fue la lengua (45,0 por ciento), seguido del paladar duro (17,1 por ciento), luego le siguió el paladar blando con el 9,0 por ciento y por último el piso de la boca con el 8,5 por ciento. La mayoría de estos carcinomas fueron diagnosticados en estadios tardíos III y IV (74,9 por ciento). En cuanto al grado de diferenciación predominaron los carcinomas bien y moderadamente diferenciados(AU)

The oral scamocellular carcinoma is a frequent malignant neoplasia located in the oral cavity; however, there is not information on the incidence and clinical behavior of this type of cancer in Antioquia, Colombia. Present study provides information on the clinical and histopathological features of the oral scamocellular carcinoma collected from the medical records of 197 persons, 112 men (56.9 percent) and 85 females (43.1 percent) seen in the "San Vicente de Paúl" University Hospital of Medellin for 14 years. The more frequent location of the oral scamocellular carcinoma was the tongue (45.0 percent), followed by the hard palate (17.1 percent), soft palate 9.0 percent and mouth floor (45 percent); most of these ones were diagnosed in late stages (III and IV) (74,9 percent), as regards the differentiation degree there was predominance of well and moderately differentiated carcinomas(AU)

Características clínico-histopatológicas del carcinoma escamocelular bucal, Colombia / Clinical-histopathology features of oral squamous cell carcinoma in Medellin, Colombia

El carcinoma escamocelular bucal (CEB), es una neoplasia maligna frecuente en cavidad oral. Objetivo: determinar la incidencia y el comportamiento clínico e histológico de este tipo de cáncer en Antioquia, Colombia. Métodos: éste estudio provee información acerca de las características clínicas e histopatológicas del CEB, proveniente de historias clínicas de 197 personas 112 (56,9 por ciento) hombres y 85 (43,1 por ciento) mujeres atendidas en el hospital Universitario San Vicente de Paúl de Medellín, durante un periodo de 14 años. Resultados: 197 historias fueron estudiadas, el 61,9 por ciento (122) de la población, era mayor de 60 años al momento del diagnóstico, 78,7 por ciento (157) fueron procedentes de Antioquia, el 78,6 por ciento (155), tenían antecedente tabaquismo, el 17,8 por ciento (35) de las personas, reportaron en la historia antecedentes familiares de cáncer. La localización más frecuente del CEB, fue la lengua 45 por ciento (90), seguido de paladar duro 17,1 por ciento (34), paladar blando 9 por ciento (17) y piso de boca 8,5 por ciento (17); la mayoría de estos (74,9 por ciento), fueron diagnosticados en estadios tardíos (III y IV), en cuanto al grado de diferenciación predominaron los carcinomas bien y moderadamente diferenciado, 45,2 por ciento (89) y 42,6 por ciento (84) respectivamente(AU)

Buccal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is frequent malign neoplasm in oral cavity; however, there isn't information on its incidence and clinical and histological behavior of this type of cancer in Antioquia (Colombia). Methods: Present study supply information on the clinical and histological features of SCC from medical records of 197 persons (56.9 percent) (112 of male sex and 85 of female sex (43.1 percent) seen in "San Vicente de Paúl" University Hospital of Medellin for 13 years. Results: A total of 197 medical records were studied, the 61.9 percent (122) of population aged over 60 at diagnosis, 78.7 percent (157) from Antioquia, and the 78.6 percent (155) had smoking backgrounds, and the 17.8 percent (35) of persons had a family history of cancer. More frequent location of SCC was in tongue for a 45 percent (90), followed by hard palate for a 17.1 percent (17) and mouth floor for a 8.5 percent (17), most of them (7.9 percent) were diagnosed with late stages (III and IV) regards the differentiation degree the carcinoma were well and moderately differentiated, 45.2 percent (89) and 42.6 percent (84), respectively(AU)

Short report: A case of ectopic schistosomiasis in Puerto Rico with some observations on the biology of the parasite.

A recently acquired Schistosoma mansoni infection that resulted in a cervical polyp containing a pair of adult worms is reported in a Puerto Rican woman. Active schistosome transmission is not commonly reported in Puerto Rico at the present time and the ectopic location of the worms is rare in very light infections. Observations on the biology of the parasite recovered from the patient are described.