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RESUMO Objetivo descrever a percepção dos coordenadores de saúde e educação quanto à operacionalização, potencialidades e fragilidades do Programa Estratégico de Fortificação da Alimentação Infantil com Micronutrientes em Pó. Métodos pesquisa qualitativa, abrangendo nove municípios que aderiram ao programa. A coleta de dados foi realizada por meio de um questionário semiestruturado com base no manual operacional do programa. Os depoimentos foram analisados à luz da análise de conteúdo. Resultados participaram 11 coordenadores. Os dados apontaram divergências quanto ao armazenamento inadequado dos sachês e ao intervalo entre os ciclos. Foram encontradas dificuldades na comunicação, envolvimento das equipes e rotatividade de profissionais. Conclusão evidenciou-se que ações direcionadas à alimentação infantil fortalecem os atributos da atenção primária à saúde e repercutem de forma positiva na identificação de grupos vulneráveis, para que se possa buscar a promoção de sua saúde e a prevenção de doenças. Contribuições para a prática: os resultados deste estudo podem contribuir no aperfeiçoamento da intersetorialidade e na problematização das dificuldades associadas, levando à ampliação do acesso às unidades básicas e estimulando as ações de promoção da alimentação adequada e saudável, bem como à organização da atenção nutricional.
ABSTRACT Objective to describe the perception of health and education coordinators regarding the operationalization, strengths, and weaknesses of a Strategic Program for the Fortification of Infant Foods with Micronutrient Powders. Methods qualitative search in nine municipalities that joined the program. Data collection was carried out using a semistructured questionnaire based on the operational manual of the program. Statements were analyzed considering content analysis. Results 11 coordinators participated. Data found suggests differences regarding inadequate storage of sachets and the interval between cycles. There were difficulties regarding communication, team involvement, and professional turnover. Conclusion actions associated with children diets are in accordance with primary health care attributes, having a positive impact on the identification of vulnerable groups, so we can seek health promotion and disease prevention. Contributions to practice: the results of this study can contribute to improve intersectoral work and raise questions about the difficulties associated with it, leading to an increased access to basic units and encouraging actions to promote adequate and healthy diets, in addition to organizing nutritional care.
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BACKGROUND: Serological tests for antibody measurement in leprosy have a series of limitations in discriminating contacts and patients. The present paper intends to evaluate if association of more than one antibody isotype in serum samples may be a useful tool in leprosy diagnosis. METHODS: This study evaluated 395 leprosy contacts and 71 leprosy index cases living in endemic municipalities in Northeastern Brazil. The participants were evaluated according to their anti-phenolic glycolipid antigen-I isotype (PGL-I) profile. Serum anti-PGL-I IgM, IgG, and IgA were measured by indirect ELISA. RESULTS: A strong association was found for antibody positivity in MB leprosy index cases. The odds ratios were 6.11 (95% CI 3.08 - 12.16) for IgM, 3.31 (1.66 - 6.61) for IgG, and 16.97 (8.39 - 34.2) for IgA. For IgM associated with one or more isotypes, the OR was 21.0 (95% CI 10.11 - 43.64), and for IgG + IgA, the OR was 17.58 (6.23 - 49.54). The highest diagnostic sensitivity of 76.0% (95% CI 61.8 - 86.9) was observed for IgM, and the lowest value was 24.1% (13.0 - 38.2), which was observed for IgG + IgA isotypes. Regarding presumptive positive predictive values, the lowest value was obtained for IgM at 24.7% (95% CI 18.1 - 32.3), and the highest values were observed for IgM+ one or more isotypes and for IgG + IgA isotype at 60.0% (44.3 - 74.3) and 66.7% (41.0 - 86.7), respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The present work demonstrated that by associating two or more positive antibody isotypes, the risk of facing a real case of leprosy may increase.