Influence of posture on the range of axial rotation and coupled lateral flexion of the thoracic spine.

OBJECTIVE: This study examines the influence of posture on the range of axial rotation of the thorax and the range and direction of the coupled lateral flexion. METHODS: The ranges of mid thoracic axial rotation and coupled lateral flexion were measured in 52 asymptomatic subjects (aged 18-43 years) using an optical motion analysis system. To examine the influence of posture on primary and coupled motion, we initiated axial rotation from a neutral sitting posture and from end-range thoracic flexion and extension. RESULTS: There was a significant decrease in the range of thoracic rotation in flexion compared with the neutral and extended postures (P < .001). The mean range of coupled lateral flexion was 8.9% of the axial rotation range in the neutral posture and increased to 14.3% and 23.2% in the extended and flexed postures, respectively. Patterns of coupled motion varied between subjects, but an ipsilateral pattern was more common in the flexed posture, whereas a contralateral pattern was more common in the neutral and extended postures. CONCLUSIONS: The ranges and patterns of coupled motion of the thorax appear to be strongly influenced by the posture from which the movement is initiated. This has important implications in relation to the interpretation of clinical tests of thoracic motion and in consideration of mechanisms of development of thoracic pain disorders.

[The Chilaiditi syndrome and associated volvulus of the transverse colon]. / Síndrome de Chilaiditi complicado con vólvulo de colon transverso.

Hepatodiaphragmatic interposition of the colon, known as Chilaiditi's sign, is generally discovered by chance, during an x-ray study for a different cause as its appearance usually lacks symptoms. When the discovery is accompanied by clinical symptoms such as: abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, constipation, it is known as the Chilaiditi's syndrome. Transverse colon volvulus is a rare entity. The treatment is emergency surgery. The association of Chilaiditi syndrome and transverse colon volvulus is exceptional, the presence of elongation and hypermotility of the colon associated to long mesenterium are common findings in patients with this association. The presence of signs and symptoms compatible with intestinal obstruction in this clinical association, change the conservative medical handling described classically in the Chilaiditi syndrome. Based on the above, the conduct was surgery for the benefit of the patient. We presented the seventh case in the English world medical literature and the first in Peruvian medical literature, in a 17 year old mentally retarded male patient with renal ectopia.

Síndrome de Chilaiditi complicado con Vólvulo de Colon transverso / The Chilaiditi Syndrome and associated volvulus of the transverse colon

La interposición hepatodiafragmática del colon, conocido como signo de Chilaiditi, se descubre generalmente en forma causal durante un estudio radiológico por otra causa, su presentación suele ser asintomática. Cuando el hallazgo se acompaña de síntomas clínicos como: dolor abdominal, nauseas, vómitos, estreñimiento, se conoce como síndrome de Chilaiditi. El vólvulo de colon transverso es una rara entidad, cuando se presenta su tratamiento es quirúrgico de urgencia. La asociación del síndrome de Chilaiditi y el vólvulo de colon transverso es excepcional, la presencia de elongación e hipermotilidad del colon asociado a mesenterio largo son hallazgos comunes en la mayoría de pacientes con esta asociación; la presencia de signos y síntomas compatibles con obstrucción intestinal en esta asociación clínica son los que hacen variar el manejo médico conservador descrito clásicamente en el síndrome de Chilaiditi. Por lo expuesto la conducta pasa a ser quirúrgica en beneficio del paciente. Nosotros presentamos el séptimo caso de la literatura mundial y primero de la literatura peruana en un paciente varón de 17 años con retardo mental y ectopia renal.

Crisis hipercalcémica e hiperparatiroidismo primario / Hypercalcemic crisis and primary hyperparathyroidism

Presentamos el caso de una mujer de 45 años de edad con hiperparatiroidismo primario de varios años de evolución debido a un adenoma paratiroideo. Inicialmente ella cursó con nefrolitiasis y estreñimiento pertinaz, luego compromiso neuromuscular y enfermedad ósea caracterizada por osteítis fibrosa quística, osteoporosis severa y fractura patológica. Fue admitida por pancreatitis aguda asociada a crisis hipercalcémica que resolvió. Después de la paratiroidectomía, la paciente desarrolló el síndrome del hueso hambriento, del cual se recuperó. En el seguimiento está asintomática. Se discute el curso clínico, diagnóstico y tratamiento.