RESUMEN
BACKGROUND: The high burden of pressure ulcers (PUs) in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), coupled with the limited resources, underscores the need for preventive and context-specific treatment strategies. PURPOSE: Therefore, the purpose of this systematic review was to establish and elucidate PU prevention and treatment interventions tested in SSA. METHODS: This systematic review of the literature used, PRISMA to guide the search. FINDINGS: The review identified nine studies on PU prevention (three) and treatment (six). Low-cost interventions assembled from locally available materials and multifaceted policies significantly prevented and treated PUs. The interventions included wound dressing agents, simple negative pressure suction devices that significantly treated PUs, and water-based bed surfaces. DISCUSSION: There were gaps in the interventions that have been proven successful in other global settings. CONCLUSION: In SSA, there is a need for nurses to tailor, test, and disseminate findings from evidence-based projects for PU prevention that have been successful in similar settings.
Asunto(s)
Úlcera por Presión , Úlcera por Presión/prevención & control , Úlcera por Presión/enfermería , Humanos , África del Sur del Sahara , Femenino , Masculino , Adulto , Persona de Mediana EdadRESUMEN
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Diabetic kidney disease continues to increase, and several novel therapeutic agents have been shown to slow the progression of chronic kidney disease in those with diabetes. This review summarizes more recent data on the role of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists and kidney outcomes. RECENT FINDINGS: Posthoc analysis of cardiovascular outcome trials, as well as several retrospective studies, demonstrate benefits of GLP-1 receptor agonist therapy for chronic kidney disease progression in diabetics. Although limited randomized clinical trials evidence assessing the effects of GLP-1 receptor agonists on kidney outcomes in diabetic chronic kidney disease patients have been published, FLOW-CKD trial was halted based on interim data for efficacy, and results are awaited. SUMMARY: GLP-1 receptor agonism is a promising therapy for slowing the progression of diabetic chronic kidney disease. Recent studies support kidney benefits GLP-1 receptor agonists over insulin and dipeptidyl peptidase-4-inhibitors, and the FLOW-CKD trial would inform the potential benefits for reducing the need for dialysis and kidney-disease related mortality in those with kidney disease.
Asunto(s)
Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2 , Nefropatías Diabéticas , Receptor del Péptido 1 Similar al Glucagón , Insuficiencia Renal Crónica , Humanos , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/tratamiento farmacológico , Nefropatías Diabéticas/tratamiento farmacológico , Péptido 1 Similar al Glucagón/metabolismo , Receptor del Péptido 1 Similar al Glucagón/agonistas , Hipoglucemiantes/uso terapéutico , Ensayos Clínicos Controlados Aleatorios como Asunto , Diálisis Renal , Insuficiencia Renal Crónica/tratamiento farmacológico , Insuficiencia Renal Crónica/inducido químicamente , Estudios RetrospectivosRESUMEN
The purpose of this qualitative secondary analysis research was to describe the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on self-management behaviors and practices for people living with the dual diagnoses of HIV/AIDS and type 2 diabetes mellitus and to identify early pandemic-specific disruptions or changes to their self-management practices. In-depth interviews conducted in May-June 2020 with 9 participants, and analyzed using content analysis, revealed 5 themes: adjusting to living with HIV/AIDS and diabetes impacts beliefs about COVID-19 risks; COVID-19 information seeking and accuracy; trade-offs in self-managing multiple chronic conditions; balance between safety, relationships, and the society at large; and discordant perceptions and actions. Some participants were resilient from previous experiences. Many received mixed messages about their risk for COVID-19, resulting in inaccurately or inconsistently applying guidelines for social isolation.
