Decellularized Wharton's Jelly and Amniotic Membrane Demonstrate Potential Therapeutic Implants in Tracheal Defects in Rabbits.

BACKGROUND: Tracheal grafts have been investigated for over a century, aiming to replace various lesions. However, tracheal reconstruction surgery remains a challenge, primarily due to anatomical considerations, intraoperative airway management, the technical complexity of reconstruction, and the potential postoperative morbidity and mortality. Due to research development, the amniotic membrane (AM) and Wharton's Jelly (WJ) arise as alternatives within the new set of therapeutic alternatives. These structures hold significant therapeutic potential for tracheal defects. This study analyzed the capacity of tracheal tissue regeneration after 60 days of decellularized WJ and AM implantation in rabbits submitted to conventional tracheostomy. METHODS: An in vivo experimental study was carried out using thirty rabbits separated into three groups (Control, AM, and WJ) (n = 10). The analyses were performed 60 days after surgery through immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: Different immunomarkers related to scar regeneration, such as aggrecan, TGF-ß1, and α-SMA, were analyzed. However, they highlighted no significant difference between the groups. Collagen type I, III, and Aggrecan also showed no significant difference between the groups. CONCLUSIONS: Both scaffolds appeared to be excellent frameworks for tissue engineering, presenting biocompatibility and a desirable microenvironment for cell survival; however, they did not display histopathological benefits in trachea tissue regeneration.

Alignment of the tibial component in total knee arthroplasty procedures using an intramedullary or extramedullary guide: double-blind randomized prospective study.

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the results obtained through using an intramedullary or extramedullary guide for sectioning the tibia in total knee arthroplasty procedures, with a view to identifying the accuracy of these guides and whether one might be superior to the other. METHODS: This was a randomized double-blind prospective study on 41 total knee arthroplasty procedures performed between August 2011 and March 2012. The angle between the base of the tibial component and the mechanical axis of the tibia was measured during the immediate postoperative period by means of radiography in anteroposterior view on the tibia that encompassed the knee and ankle. RESULTS: There was no demographic difference between the two groups evaluated. The mean alignment of the tibial component in the patients of group A (intramedullary) was 90.3° (range: 84-97°). In group B (extramedullary), it was 88.5° (range: 83-94°). CONCLUSION: In our study, we did not find any difference regarding the precision or accuracy of either of the guides. Some patients present an absolute or relative contraindication against using one or other of the guides. However, for the other cases, neither of the guides was superior to the other one.

OBJETIVOS: Avaliar os resultados obtidos com o uso de guia intramedular ou extramedular para o corte tibial em artroplastias totais do joelho, com vistas a identificar sua acurácia e a superioridade de um em relação ao outro. MÉTODOS: Estudo prospectivo, randomizado, duplo cego de 41 artroplastias totais de joelho feitas entre agosto de 2011 e março de 2012. Foi medido o ângulo entre a base do componente tibial e o eixo mecânico da tíbia no período pós-operatório imediato por meio de radiografia em incidência anteroposterior da tíbia que englobou joelho e tornozelo. RESULTADOS: Não houve diferença demográfica entre os dois grupos avaliados. O alinhamento médio do componente tibial nos pacientes do grupo A (intramedular) foi de 90,3° (84°-97°). No grupo B (extramedular), foi de 88,5° (83°-94°). CONCLUSÃO: Não encontramos, em nosso estudo, diferença quanto à precisão ou acurácia de qualquer um dos guias. Alguns pacientes apresentam contraindicação, absoluta ou relativa, para o uso de um ou outro guia. Todavia, para os demais casos, não há superioridade de algum deles.

Alignment of the tibial component in total knee arthroplasty procedures using an intramedullary or extramedullary guide: double-blind randomized prospective study / Alinhamento do componente tibial em artroplastia total do joelho com o uso de guia intramedular ou extramedular: um estudo prospectivo, randomizado, duplo cego

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the results obtained through using an intramedullary or extramedullary guide for sectioning the tibia in total knee arthroplasty procedures, with a view to identifying the accuracy of these guides and whether one might be superior to the other. METHODS: This was a randomized double-blind prospective study on 41 total knee arthroplasty procedures performed between August 2011 and March 2012. The angle between the base of the tibial component and the mechanical axis of the tibia was measured during the immediate postoperative period by means of radiography in anteroposterior view on the tibia that encompassed the knee and ankle. RESULTS: There was no demographic difference between the two groups evaluated. The mean alignment of the tibial component in the patients of group A (intramedullary) was 90.3° (range: 84-97°). In group B (extramedullary), it was 88.5° (range: 83-94°). CONCLUSION: In our study, we did not find any difference regarding the precision or accuracy of either of the guides. Some patients present an absolute or relative contraindication against using one or other of the guides. However, for the other cases, neither of the guides was superior to the other one. .

OBJETIVOS: Avaliar os resultados obtidos com o uso de guia intramedular ou extramedular para o corte tibial em artroplastias totais do joelho, com vistas a identificar sua acurácia e a superioridade de um em relação ao outro. MÉTODOS: Estudo prospectivo, randomizado, duplo cego de 41 artroplastias totais de joelho feitas entre agosto de 2011 e março de 2012. Foi medido o ângulo entre a base do componente tibial e o eixo mecânico da tíbia no período pós-operatório imediato por meio de radiografia em incidência anteroposterior da tíbia que englobou joelho e tornozelo. RESULTADOS: Não houve diferença demográfica entre os dois grupos avaliados. O alinhamento médio do componente tibial nos pacientes do grupo A (intramedular) foi de 90,3° (84°-97°). No grupo B (extramedular), foi de 88,5° (83°-94°). CONCLUSÃO: Não encontramos, em nosso estudo, diferença quanto à precisão ou acurácia de qualquer um dos guias. Alguns pacientes apresentam contraindicação, absoluta ou relativa, para o uso de um ou outro guia. Todavia, para os demais casos, não há superioridade de algum deles. .

SPONTANEOUS OSTEONECROSIS IN AN ATHLETE'S KNEE TREATED USING A HYPERBARIC CHAMBER: CASE REPORT AND REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE.

Osteonecrosis is a clinical syndrome characterized by osseous necrosis of a load-bearing portion of the femoral condyle, followed by subchondral fracturing, subsequent segmental collapse and arthrosis. It most frequently affects obese women over the age of 55 years. Its treatment is still a matter of controversy in the literature. The authors report the case of a 24-year-old male patient who was a professional soccer player, who presented with a complaint of knee pain one day after physical activity. Imaging examinations performed early on already demonstrated the start of the lesion. The treatment, which was successful, used the following: withdrawal of support, physiotherapy, medications (such as NSAIDs and bisphosphonates) and a hyperbaric chamber. Although hyperbaric chamber therapy is new, its use in association with drug therapy and withdrawal of support may bring good results in treating idiopathic osteonecrosis, even for athletes with high physical demands. However, there is a need for further reports and studies with greater evidence, in order to demonstrate the validity of this treatment.

Osteonecrose espontânea do joelho em atleta tratamento com o uso de câmara hiperbárica: relato de caso e revisão de literatura / Spontaneous osteonecrosis in an athlete's knee treated using a hyperbaric chamber: case report and review of the literature

A osteonecrose é uma síndrome clínica caracterizada pela necrose óssea de uma porção de sustentação de carga do côndilo femoral, seguida de fratura subcondral, colapso segmentar tardio e artrose. Acomete mais frequentemente mulheres com mais de 55 anos de idade e obesas. O tratamento ainda é assunto controverso na literatura. Os autores relatam o caso de um paciente do sexo masculino, 24 anos, jogador profissional de futebol, que apresentou queixa de dor no joelho um dia após atividade física. Os exames de imagem realizados precocemente já demonstraram o início da lesão. Foram utilizados no tratamento, com sucesso: retirada de apoio, fisioterapia, medicamentos (como AINH e bifosfonados) e câmara hiperbárica. Apesar de ser uma terapia nova, a câmara hiperbárica associada à terapia medicamentosa e retirada do apoio pode trazer bons resultados no tratamento da osteonecrose idiopática mesmo em atletas de alta demanda física. No entanto, existe a necessidade de novos relatos e estudos com maior evidência para demonstrar sua validade.

Osteonecrosis is a clinical syndrome characterized by osseous necrosis of a load-bearing portion of the femoral condyle, followed by subchondral fracturing, subsequent segmental collapse and arthrosis. It most frequently affects obese women over the age of 55 years. Its treatment is still a matter of controversy in the literature. The authors report the case of a 24-year-old male patient who was a professional soccer player, who presented with a complaint of knee pain one day after physical activity. Imaging examinations performed early on already demonstrated the start of the lesion. The treatment, which was successful, used the following: withdrawal of support, physiotherapy, medications (such as NSAIDs and bisphosphonates) and a hyperbaric chamber. Although hyperbaric chamber therapy is new, its use in association with drug therapy and withdrawal of support may bring good results in treating idiopathic osteonecrosis, even for athletes with high physical demands. However, there is a need for further reports and studies with greater evidence, in order to demonstrate the validity of this treatment.