RESUMEN
Cognitive decline and comorbid conditions commonly co-occur, and these conditions can affect cognitive health. We aimed to estimate the prevalence of cognitive impairment (CI) according to weight status and to evaluate the associations between CI, weight status and comorbid conditions in adults of 55 years and older. The Abbreviated Mental Test Score (AMTS) was used. Logistic regressions were performed. Overall, 415 individuals were included. The mean age was 75.7 ± 10.1 years, and the mean BMI was 26.2 ± 6.9 kg/m2. The prevalence of CI was 20.7% in the whole study group and 31%, 24.8%, 17.7% and 10.2% in underweight, normal weight, overweight and obese individuals, respectively; p < 0.004. The low folate, vitamin D and prealbumin levels were more frequently found in individuals with CI compared with those without CI. Compared with the obese individuals, a higher odds ratio of prevalent CI was noted for underweight individuals OR 3.89 (95% CI 1.54-9.80); p = 0.004. Additionally, male gender, older age, stroke, having three or more comorbid conditions and findings of undernutrition were significantly associated with CI. Being underweight was associated with an increased risk of CI. Prevention strategies including the monitoring of nutritional status may help to prevent cognitive decline and promote healthy aging.
RESUMEN
Background: Our aim was to describe the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its components among Afro-Caribbean adults without diabetes and cardiovascular complications. Methods: Participants were recruited from a Health Center in Guadeloupe, French West Indies. MetS was defined according to the NCEP ATP III. Prevalence of MetS and MetS components were compared across age groups and sex. The odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals were obtained using logistic regression. Results: There were 1011 participants (68.8% women, mean age 47.8 ± 11.8 years). Prevalence of MetS was 17.9% (21.1% women, 10.8% men) and increased by age in women. High blood pressure had the highest prevalence among men and among women ≥60 years. Prevalence of abdominal obesity (AbO) was higher in women than in men. High triglyceride levels were uncommon at all ages and, men and women <40 years, compared with the other groups had higher prevalence of low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels. With multiple logistic regression, compared with adults <40 years, those ≥60 years had the highest OR for prevalent hypertension 7.8 (4.8-12.8); P < 0.001, AbO 2.1 (1.3-3.3); P = 0.002 and high fasting blood glucose levels 5.5 (3.1-9.8); P < 0.001. They also had lower odds for having low HDL-C than the younger ones (G1: age <40 years). Among persons ≥60 years, OR for MetS was 1.9 (1.1-3.6); P = 0.013 compared with the referent group. Compared with men, women had higher odds of MetS 2.2 (1.5-3.3); P < 0.001. Conclusion: Women were more likely to have MetS than men and persons ≥60 years were significantly more likely to have MetS than persons <40 years. Preventive measures are required to reduce the prevalence of MetS.