[Morphological features of corneal exposure to experimental near infrared emission laser].

Effect of laser radiation with wave length 1,4 microm on exposed cornea of isolated bull eye (in vitro) is studied. Experimental laser coagulator with wave length 1,4 microm based on the semiconductor laser with a fiber radiation output was used in the study. Cornea was exposed at the standardized distance to radiation with different energy settings. Coagulates were morphologically studied, photoregistration and morphometric analysis of obtained images were performed. The depth of radiation absorbtion, type and degree of corneal damage were estimated in the focus and marginal area. The analysis of results shows potential of this laser coagulator to be used for selective effects at different corneal layers. This laser may be applied both for coagulation and therapueutic purposes.

[The effect of parenteral citicoline on visual functions and life quality of patients with primary open-angle glaucoma].

The effect of nootropic drug citicoline on visual functions, perimetric indexes of static automated perimetry, morphometric characteristics of retinal tomography and life quality of patients with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) stage I-III and normalized intraocular pressure (IOP) was studied. 40 patients aged 46-78 years old with POAG stage I-III and normalized IOP were treated with citicoline. Among them there were 24 female and 16 male. The patients were divided into 2 equal groups--experimental and control. Patients of both groups were treated with intravenous citicoline for 10 days. The dose of citicoline in experimental group was 1000 mg/day, in control--500 mg/day. After treatment in both groups visual functions, perimetric indexes of static automated perimetry, morphometric characteristics of retinal tomography and life quality showed improvement. Citicoline has significant neuroprotective effect preventing apoptosis.

[Surgical treatment of certain forms of secondary glaucoma]. / Khirurgicheskoe lechenie nekotorykh form vtorichnoi glaukomy.

The technique of penetrating deep sclerectomy with suprachoroidal explanto-drainage as well as the results of postoperative follow-up, exceeding 2 years, and of the early-described sinustrabeculectomy with regulated filtration are presented in the article. Operations were made on 59 eyes (58 patients aged 13 to 70) with the below forms of secondary glaucomas: new-vascular, postuveal, dystrophic (at retinal detachment), posttraumatic (contusion-type), phakotopic, postoperative (aphakic), and hemolytic. The below goals were set while elaborating the methods: the possibility to regulate postoperatively the intraocular pressure, elimination of the pain syndrome, the organ-preserving effect, stabilization of the clinical cause and shaping-up of reliable drainage paths. The authors registered a positive effect in 87.5% of cases.

[Vision disorders as manifestations of transient ischemic attacks in the vertebrobasilar basin]. / Zritel'nye rasstroistva kak proiavleniia tranzitornykh ishemicheskikh atak v vertebral'no-baziliarnom basseine.

Vision disorders caused by ischemia of the cerebral occipital cortex in the presence of transitory ischemic attacks in the vertebral basilar basin are described. Relationship between complaints of vision disorders and severity and frequency of transitory ischemic attacks is analyzed. Exogenous factors provoking dysfunctions of visual and vestibular analyzers are discussed. Correlation between visual disorders and cerebral hemodynamic disorders and vertebrogenic changes in various patterns of transitory ischemic attacks is analyzed. The number of complaints of visual analyzer dysfunction is increased by 1/3 in the patients with dyscirculatory abnormalities. One of the key symptoms of hypofunction of the stem mesencephalic compartments is paralysis or paresis of the eyeball convergence, which was recorded in 38% patients.

[Remote results of high myopia surgical correction by tunnel keratoplasty ]. / Otdalennye rezul'taty khirurgicheskoi korrektsii blizorukosti vysokoi stepeni metodom tonnel'noi keratoplastiki.

Remote results evidence high refraction efficiency of tunnel keratoplasty, stable results being observed for up to 15 years. A total of 104 operations (58 patients) were analyzed for a period of observation of more than 10 years. The patients' ages varied from 17 to 52 years, there were 34 women and 24 men. The main advantage of interlamellar refraction meridional keratoplasty is easiness of operation. At present it is the operation of choice for dosed reduction of eye refraction aimed at correction of high myopia and astigmatism. The possibility of correcting residual myopia after keratotomy and repair of refraction abnormalities resultant from perforating keratoplasty is particularly interesting. The possibility of regulating the corrective effect in remote periods by replacing the implants also deserves attention. Hence, low traumatism, high efficiency, and stability of the refraction effect once more confirm our recommendation to use tunnel keratoplasty in clinical practice.

[Sinusotrabeculectomy with regulated filtration in the treatment of secondary glaucoma]. / Sinusotrabekuléktomiia s reguliruemoi fil'tratsiei pri lechenii vtorichnykh glaukom.

A new method for surgical treatment of secondary glaucoma (neovascular, postuveal, traumatic, and aphakic) is described. The aims of the new method are as follows: regulation of ophthalmic tone in the postoperative period, pain relief, organ preservation, stabilization of the process, and creation of reliable routes of intraocular fluid discharge with formation of a stable diffuse functional pad. Seven patients (8 eyes) aged 13-70 years were operated on and followed up for up to 6 months. Preliminary results are presented. Positive shifts were observed in all cases.

[The optimization of a surgical intervention to stabilize progressive myopia]. / Optimizatsiia khirurgicheskogo vmeshatel'stva s tsel'iu stabilizatsii progressiruiushchei blizorukosti.

Results of 236 sclera-fortifying surgeries are followed up for more than 25 years. Progressive myopia stabilized in 95.8% cases after bandaging scleroplasty and in 87.03% cases after chondroplasty. Clinical refraction and posteroanterior axis of the eye did not increase after surgery; visual functions stabilized, and brightness sensitivity threshold was lowered. The technique of operation and clinical course of the postoperative period are described. Based on analysis of the clinical material, the authors propose the optimal approach to scleroplastic operations aimed at stabilization of progressive myopia.

[Modern aspects of surgical treatment of myopia]. / Sovremennye aspekty khirurgicheskogo lecheniia miopii.

Problems in complex surgical treatment of myopia are discussed. Extensive clinical data and long follow-up of the patients permitted the authors to develop a well-based system of care which helps not only arrest the progress of myopia, but correct it within a rather wide range. The pathogenesis of tissue process in progressive myopia is discussed basing on the regularities revealed experimentally. The main modern operations on the cornea and sclera are described. Data on the inter-layer transplantation of the cornea, developed at the Chair of Ophthalmic Diseases of the Russian University of Peoples' Friendship are presented.

[A case of relapsing iridocyclitis in tropical malaria]. / Sluchai retsidiviruiushchego iridotsiklita pri tropicheskoi maliarii.

An African student developed bilateral relapsing iridocyclitis with increased intraocular pressure. General examinations and parasitological studies revealed tropical malaria. Etiotropic and local therapy normalized intraocular pressure and improved vision acuity of both eyes. This case should be borne in mind by general practitioners as a possibility of transportation of various tropical diseases.

[Interlamellar sectoral keratoplasty in the surgical correction of astigmatism]. / Mezhsloinaia sektoral'naia keratoplastika v khirurgicheskoi korrektsii astigmatizma.

A new original method of interlamellar sectorial keratoplasty is proposed for surgical correction of astigmatism. Eleven operations were carried out in 8 patients (11 eyes) with astigmatism of 4 to 7.0 diopters. Vision acuity without correction was 0.6 to 1.0 in 5 patients (7 eyes, 63.6%). In 2 patients (2 eyes, 18.2%) vision acuity without correction was 0.3 to 0.5 diopters, and in 2 more patients (2 eyes, 18.2%) it was from 0.1 to 0.3 diopters, that is, equal to the maximal vision acuity with the optimal correction. The refraction effect stabilized in 3-4 months. The highest refraction effect attained was 7.0 diopters. The patients were followed up for 3 months to 4 years. Clinical analysis of the operations confirmed the efficacy and reliability of the method and stability of refraction. Interlamellar sectorial keratoplasty is recommended for surgical correction of astigmatism.

[A case of toxocariasis of the eye]. / Sluchai toksokaroza glaza.

A case with toxocariasis of the eye is described. The diagnosis was confirmed serologically. Vision acuity improved to 100% as a result of treatment. The authors emphasize that toxocariasis should ruled out in all ocular involvements of obscure etiology.

[Interlamellar circular keratoplasty for correction of high myopia]. / Mezhsloinaia kol'tsevaia keratoplastika v korrektsii miopii vysokoi stepeni.

A new method is proposed for the correction of high myopia: Interlamellar circular keratoplasty. This method has been used in 15 patients (17 eyes) aged 18 to 54 with 9 to 17 diopters myopia. Vision acuity attained was at least 0.5 in 10 (60.3%) patients; in 7 (35.2%) patients vision acuity was 0.3 without correction, that is, was equal to the maximal vision acuity with the optimal correction. The highest refraction effect was 15.0 diopters. The patients were followed up for 3 months to 16 years. The proposed method for the correction of high myopia is highly effective, simple, and is recommended for clinical practice.

[Prognostication of results in correction of aphakia by lamellar refractive keratoplasty]. / O prognozirovanii rezul'tatov korrektsii afakii metodom mezhsloinoi refraktsionoi keratoplastiki.

The authors analyze the possibility of predicting the results of aphakia correction by interlamellar refraction keratoplasty from one of the eye parameters measured before surgery, the anterior corneal surface radius. The prognosis efficacy has improved by 10% vs. the prediction from the mean value; this is insufficient for practical application of the method. The prediction may be made more accurate if the number of the eye parameters measured before surgery is increased and the measurements are more precise.