[Diagnostic studies of optic neuritis in children and adolescents]. / Badania diagnostyczne w zapaleniach nerwu wzrokowego u dzieci i mlodziezy.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the sensitivity of various diagnostic methods in the optic neuritis. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 15 patients, 10 boys and 5 girls, aged 6-18 years, with optic neuritis have been examined. Multiple sclerosis was diagnosed in 12 cases, the etiology of 3 was unknown. The full ophthalmological examination, including static perimetry and visual evoked potentials (VEP) as well as brain computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were performed. RESULTS: MRI revealed plaques of demyelination in 11 patients; no pathological changes were observed in cases of idiopathic neuritis. In CT plaques of demyelination were found in 2 patients only. In most cases VEPs were abnormal, mainly there was prolonged latency of deflection, decreased amplitude and more rarely changes of the shape of the record. Static perimetry, with white and blue target, revealed multiple scattered absolute and relative scotoma in the 30 degrees central area. CONCLUSIONS: MRI and static perimetry were the most sensitive methods for detection of the changes in optic neuritis and these methods are also useful in cases with asymptomatic involvement of visual pathway, especially in multiple sclerosis.

[Diagnostic value of computer tomography of paranasal sinuses in qualifying for functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS)]. / Wartosc diagnostyczna tomografii komputerowej zatok przynosowych w kwalifikacji do operacii czynnosciowych zatok.

Functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) introduced in the recent years by Messerklinger, Stammberger and Kennedy gained undisputable reputation as method of choice in treatment of nose and nasal sinus diseases. The introduction of this method was possible, among others, due to precise radiological diagnostics (CT). Traditional radiological examinations of nasal sinus do not allow for detailed diagnostics and analysis of anatomic anomalies such as: dehiscention in vicinity of carotic artery or ophtalmic nerve which have basic significance while establishing surgical risk. The paper presents 20 cases of nasal sinus CT of patients qualified for functional endoscopic surgery comparative analysis with traditional radiograms were performed.

[A case of demyelinating disease difficult for classification]. / Przypadek trudnej do sklasyfikowania choroby demielinizacyjnej.

A case of difficult for classification demyelinating disease of diffuse (transitional) type is presented. The described case seems to testify about the identity of hyperergic (para-infections) encephalomyelitis and acute multiple sclerosis of diffuse type.

[Magnetic resonance imaging in otolaryngology]. / Tomografia rezonansu magnetycznego w otolaryngologii.

In the paper authors describe fundamental physical properties of a phenomenon of the radio-frequency excitation and relaxation of nuclei ordered in a strong magnetic field and the usefulness of MRI in medical diagnostic procedures. Basic interpretations principles of MR imaging due to signal intensity differences between organs and tissues in T1- and T2- weighted sequences and proton density are presented. Both, literature review and experience of authors suggest application of MRI in otolaryngology, it is illustrated by a lot of examples. The MR imaging studies were compared with results obtained from CT in otolaryngology field.

[Diplomyelia and diastematomyelia. Case reports]. / Rozdwojenie i szczelinowatosc rdzenia. Przedstawienie przypadków.

Diplomyelia and diastematomyelia. Case report. Three cases of diplomyelia [1] and diastematomyelia [2] were studied and treated between 1980 and 1990 years. All patients had symptomatic onset in adulthood. Pathological features were caused by localization on the lesion in cervical, thoracic and lumbar segment of the spinal cord. Plain X-rays showed a variety of osseous malformations associated with spinal dysraphism. The most usefull radiographic examination was computerized tomography (CT). Indications to surgical treatment are discussed.

[Laryngocele]. / Laryngozele.

A large laryngocele treated operatively is presented. The great diagnostic value of CT examination for determining the size and site of the cyst is pointed out. A CT scan makes it possible to choose the best surgical procedure.

[Epileptic seizures in young patients with hypodense lesions in the CT image]. / Epilepsiefälle bei jungen Kranken mit hypodensen Läsionen im CT-Bild.

Progress in neurodiagnostic medical technology, and in computer tomography in particular, has raised fresh problems in connection with epilepsy. Among our patients we have observed three case of epilepsy, in whom the CT image unexpectedly revealed hypodense lesions of various sizes in the cerebrum. The three are young patients aged 20 to 25 years with negative neurological findings. The above changes in the CT image are extremely difficult to interpret. It is not even know whether the lesions must be considered the cause or a consequence of the epileptic seizures or whether the pathomorphological processes are basically identical or completely different in all three patients.