[Effect of magnetic nanoparticles Fe3O4 on viability, attachment and spreading of cells isolated from fetuses and new-born rats].

This study shows that toxic effect of non-modified nanoparticles of Fe3O4 in vitro depends on metabolic and morphological condition of cells, derived from fetuses and newborn rats. During the cultivation of cells with magnetic nanoparticles, the new-born rats. During the cultivation of cells with magnetic nanoparticles, the latter bind to the cell surface and penetrate into the intracellular space. In this case, sorption of nanoparticles on the cell surface makes it difficult for cells to adhere to substrate, and the absorption by spread cells may prevent their proliferation. Magnetic nanoparticles are well absorbed by the upper layer of cellular aggregates. In this case, the cells of the inner layer remain intact. Consequently, the cell aggregates are able to respond to the constant magnetic field. These aggregates could potentially by used in cell transplantation for directed cell delivery.

[Effect of freezing on cord blood serum proteins].

The effect of freezing regimes and storage temperatures on protein conformation and the spectrum of cord blood serum has been investigated. Changes in the parameters of ESR spectra of spin probes in cord blood serum after slow freezing and subsequent thawing were established, indicating protein conformational changes characterized by loosening. This fact is confirmed by an earlier process, the first stage of albumin heat denaturation, as indicated by calorimetric data. It was shown that slow cooling results in the aggregation of serum protein in which serum albumin and immunoglobulins play an important role. It was concluded that, for retaining the properties, of cord blood serum proteins, it is preferable to perform cooling at a rate not lower than 100 degrees C/min and a storage temperature of -80 degrees C and lower.

[Glycosaminoglycanes of cartilage tissue of rats after the mechanical trauma: the influence of low-molecular fraction from the cord blood and blood of dairy calves].

Influence of low-molecular fraction (to 5 kDa) from cord blood (FCB) compared with "Actovegin" derived from the blood of veal calves on the content of the matrix polysaccharide components from and proteins of the cartilage connecting tissue after the mechanical trauma was investigated. It is established, that intramuscular administration of FCB essentially stimulates the accumulation of the basic components of the matrix: hexosamine, uronic acid, hyaluronic acid, chondroitinsulfate and heparin, and also the most important components of structural proteins in the cartilage regenerate of the rat knee joint.

[Low-molecular peptides from tissues of hibernating and cold-adapted animals influence cell proliferation in the Ehrlich ascitic carcinoma].

Polypeptides with cytostatic activity are known to be present in animal tissues during winter dormancy. A 1-10 kDa polypeptide fraction with cytostatic activity was obtained from brain tissue of hibernating ground squirrels and cold-adapted Yakut horses. The pattern of cytostatic activity of this fraction towards tumor cells is of great interest. We present results testifying to cytostatic activity of this fraction towards the Ehrlich ascitic carcinoma cells. The cytostatic effect is realized in tumor cells at the genetic level.

[Premature condensation of sperm chromosomes in human oocytes fertilized in vitro]. / Prezhdevremennaia kondensatsiia khromosom spermiev v ootsitakh cheloveka, oplodotvorennykh in vitro.

Analysis of the frequency of oocytes containing premature condensed sperm chromosomes depending on clinical and embryological parameters has been carried out. It was shown that this frequency comes to 11.6% during in vitro fertilization and depends on morpho-functional characteristics of acnipo[symbol: see text] oocytes.

[Morphofunctional and cytogenetic characteristics of tripronuclear human zygotes in extracorporal fertilization programme]. / Morfo-funktsional'nye i tsitogeneticheskie kharakteristiki trekhpronuklearnykh zigot cheloveka v programme EKO.

Morphofunctional and cytogenetic characteristics of 34 tripronuclear human zygotes obtained during in vitro fertilization have been studied. It has been shown that 50% of them were triploid. Possible mechanisms of formation of this pathology are discussed.

[Pluripotency of bone marrow stromal cells and perspectives of their use in cell therapy]. / Pliuripotentnost' kletok stromy kostnogo mozga i perspektivy ikh ispol'zovaniia v kletochnoi terapii.

The possibility of differentiation of insulin-producing cells and neural and glial elements was demonstrated in the culture of bone marrow stromal cells. The perspectives of use of the bone marrow stromal cells in clinical medicine are considered.

[Induction of murine bone marrow stromal cell differentiation into nerve cells]. / Indutsirovannaia differentsirovka kletok stromy kostnogo mozga myshi v nervnye kletki.

The in vitro induced differentiation of mouse bone marrow stromal cells into nerve cells by retinoic acid and leukemia inhibitory factor has been shown, using morphological, histochemical and immunocytochemical analyses. The developed techniques allow to obtain up to 30% of neural cells in vitro. A suggestion about pluripotency of bone marrow stromal cells and possibility of their application to the cell therapy is discussed.

Effect of transplantation of human fetal tissues on prooxidant-antioxidant equilibrium in the liver and blood rats after partial hepatectomy in rats.

We studied the effect of transplantation of fetal liver cells and postnuclear cytoplasmic fraction from human fetal soft tissues on the prooxidant-antioxidant equilibrium in the liver and blood of rats after partial hepatectomy. The preparations increased antioxidant activity and decreased the intensity of lipid peroxidation, which probably contributes to their therapeutic effects.

Ultrarapid freezing of rat embryos with rapid dilution of permeable cryoprotectants.

The purpose of this study was to determine the feasibility of ultrarapid freezing of rat morulae with rapid postthaw dilution of permeable cryoprotectants in isotonic culture medium. Four experiments were carried out. Experiment 1 examined the possibility of using vitrification with postthaw dilution of permeable cryoprotectants in an isotonic solution. Embryos were exposed first to 10% glycerol + 20% propylene glycol and then to the final vitrification solution which contained 25% glycerol + 25% propylene glycol. Embryo survival was very low when the subsequent dilution was in a solution that did not contain sucrose. In Experiment 2. three mixtures were tested: 15% glycerol + 15% ethylene glycol + 0.7 M sucrose, 15% glycerol + 15% propylene glycol + 0.7 M sucrose, and 30% glycerol + 0.7 M sucrose. The third mixture, which contained only glycerol and sucrose, produced the best results with 88% embryo survival. In Experiment 3, the embryos were frozen in 30% glycerol plus 0.7 M sucrose and in addition were exposed to 1 M sucrose for 7 min following thawing. The survival rate was 85% with the sucrose dilution step, 91% when dilution was in isotonic medium, and 95% in controls not exposed to the cryoprotective mixture. Experiment 4 examined the effect of the time and temperature of exposure of the embryos to 30% glycerol + 0.7 M sucrose. The highest rates of embryo development followed exposure at 4 degrees C for 2-3 min (95-84%) or at 24 degrees C for 0.5-3.0 min (90-88%). These results indicate that it is possible to develop a method for the ultrarapid freezing of mammalian embryos that does not require dilution of permeable cryoprotectants in a hypertonic sucrose solution.

[The effect of temperature and concentrations of various substances on the microviscosity of erythrocyte cytosol]. / Vliianie temperatury i kontsentratsii razlichnykh veshchestv na mikroviazkost' tsitozolia éritrotsitov.

EPR spin-probe method was used to investigate the dependence of erythrocyte cytosol microviscosity (ECM) on the concentration of different substances and temperature. The critical ECM value has been determined after reaching of which erythrocytes become destroyed. It is shown that this ECM value is reached at different NaCl concentrations depending on the temperature.

The influence of cryopreservation on parameters of energetic metabolism and motility of fowl spermatozoa.

The objective of this study was to estimate the effect of cryopreservation on the main pathways of energetic metabolism and motility of fowl spermatozoa. Sperm diluted 1:5 with the cryoprotective medium containing ethylene glycol (1.4 M final concentration) was frozen at the rate of 2-3 degrees C/min to -25 degrees C with a pause on the plateau of crystallization and then at an exponentially increasing rate to -196 degrees C. The frozen sperm was thawed in two successive water baths at 0 and at 41 degrees C. After cryopreservation, the rate of radioactive glucose oxidation to 14CO2 slightly decreased, the rate of labeled glutamate oxidation remained unchanged, and the rate of labeled succinate oxidation increased two-fold. After freeze-thawing, the rates of endogenous respiration with and without 2,4-dinitrophenol decreased; the oxidation rate of exogenous succinate in the presence of 2,4-dinitrophenol, rotenone, and digitonin slightly decreased; and the rate of respiration in the presence of ascorbate, N,N,N',N'-tetramethyl-p-phenylenediamine, antimycin A, 2,4-dinitrophenol, and digitonin did not differ from that seen in control. Sperm respiration was highly sensitive to rotenone; antimycin A and cyanide blocked oxygen consumption completely. Succinate, added after 2,4-dinitrophenol and rotenone, stimulated respiration of thawed spermatozoa, which indicated plasma membrane damage. The addition of exogenous malate in the presence of 2,4-dinitrophenol and digitonin restored the respiration rate of thawed spermatozoa to that of unfrozen cells. The rate of respiration of thawed spermatozoa with oligomycin was higher than that of control cells.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Survival of trophoblastic fragments and vesicles after vitrification, ultrarapid freezing, and storage at 4 degrees C.

Embryos recovered from superovulated cows on Day 13 or Day 17 of their sexual cycles were cut into fragments to make trophoblastic vesicles. The fragments were suspended in a cryoprotectant solution consisting of glycerol and sucrose and frozen by direct immersion into liquid nitrogen: alternatively, they were vitrified using the Massip method in a mixture of glycerol and 1,2-propanediol. Trophoblasts and fragments of a chilled embryo were placed into a temperature-controlled humidified chamber for culture. Vesicles which developed from trophoblastic fragments were subjected to vitrification according to the method of Massip. We observed good survival of trophoblastic fragments which had been subjected to chilling, freezing, or vitrification. Their survival did not differ from the survival of "fresh" trophoblastic fragments.

[Effects of the fraction (1-10 kDa) of the brain of a Yakut horse on kinetic parameters of Ca2+ transport system in sarcolemma vesicles of cardiomyocytes]. / Vliianie fraktsii (1-10 kDa) mozga iakutskoi loshadi na kineticheskie parametry Ca2+-transportiruiushchikh sistem v vezikulakh sarkolemmy kardiomiotsitov.

The effect of the fraction (1-10 kDa) obtained from the brain of cold-adapted animal (Yakut horse) on Ca2+ transport in sarcolemma vesicles of cardiomyocytes was investigated. It was shown that during insertion of Yakut horse brain fraction into incubation medium at the concentration from 10(-9) M to 3.10(-5) M at Ca2+ transport substrate concentration from 0.1 mM to 1.0 mM, the rate of Ca2+ passive penetration into vesicles slightly increased and at Ca2+ transport substrate concentration 3 mM, which is physiologic, a decrease of rate values was established for all concentrations of the fraction (1-10 kDa) of Yakut horse. While studying the kinetics of an active Ca2+ transport for all investigated concentrations of the fraction (1-10 kDa) of Yakut horse brain from 10(-9) M to 3.10(-5) M at Ca2+ concentration in incubation medium from 10(-7) to 3.10(-6) M, calcium accumulation rates by vesicles exceeded control values. So we can suppose that application of brain fraction (1-10 kDa) of genotypically cold-adapted animal, results in a decrease of intracellular Ca2+ concentration.

[Use of hemosorption in the complex treatment of hypertension associated with late gestosis]. / Ispol'zovanie gemosorbtsii v kompleksnoi terapii gipertonicheskoi bolezni i sochetannogo s nei pozdnego gestoza.

Hemosorption is a new approach to the treatment of late toxemia of pregnancy and essential hypertension during pregnancy. Promising results with hemosorption have been obtained: PCG- and ECG-documented improvement of the fetal status, a change in serum lipid levels, better progress of gestation and labor and delivery. The technique is simple, absolutely safe for the mother and fetus and may be adopted in the clinical routine for gestational essential hypertension unresponsive to drugs.