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Four new sesquiterpene quinone meroterpenoids, dysideanones F-G (1-2) and dysiherbols D-E (3-4), were isolated from the marine sponge Dysidea avara collected from the South China Sea. The new structures were elucidated by extensive analysis of spectroscopic data including HR-MS and 1D and 2D NMR spectra, and their absolute configurations were assigned by single-crystal X-ray diffraction and ECD calculations. Anti-inflammatory evaluation showed that dysiherbols D-E (3-4) exhibited moderate inhibitory activity on TNF-α-induced NF-κB activation in human HEK-293T cells with IC50 values of 10.2 and 8.6 μmol·L-1, respectively.
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Animales , Dysidea/química , Poríferos , Quinonas/farmacología , Sesquiterpenos/farmacología , EsqueletoRESUMEN
A patient with multiple-organ echinococcosis suffered from liver echinococcosis,lung echinococcosis,and pelvic echinococcosis successively in the past three decades.From the first operation at 19 years-old,she underwent operations several times due to the recurrence of multiple organ involvement.Echinococcosis is a zoonotic disease.Although the liver usually is the primary site,the disease can also invade many other organs.Diagnosis is typically based on disease history and imaging findings.Thorough removal of the lesions during the first operation is particularly important.Comprehensive evaluations and multi-disciplinary team are helpful in the treatment of patients with multiple organ invasion.
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Adulto , Femenino , Humanos , Adulto Joven , Diagnóstico por Imagen , Equinococosis/cirugía , Hígado/parasitología , Pulmón/parasitología , Pelvis/fisiopatologíaRESUMEN
Antrodia camphorata, a well-known and highly valued edible medicinal mushroom with intriguing activities like liver protection, has been traditionally used for the treatment of alcoholic liver disease. A. camphorata shows highly medicinal and commercial values with the demand far exceeds the available supply. Thus, the petri-dish cultured A. camphorata (PDCA) is expected to develope as a substitute. In this paper, nineteen triterpenes were isolated from PDCA, and thirteen of them were the unique anthroic acids in A. camphorata, including the main content antcin K, which suggested that PDCA produced a large array of the same anthroic acids as the wild one. Furthermore, no obvious acute toxicity was found suggesting the edible safety of PDCA. In mice alcohol-induced liver injury model, triglyceride (TG), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and malondialdehyde (MDA) had been reduced by the PDCA powder as well as the main content antcin K, which indicated that the PDCA could protect alcoholic liver injury in mice model and antcin K could be the effective component responsible for the hepatoprotective activities of PDCA against alcoholic liver diseases.
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Animales , Femenino , Masculino , Ratones , Alanina Transaminasa , Sangre , Aldehído Deshidrogenasa , Sangre , Antrodia , Química , Aspartato Aminotransferasas , Sangre , Productos Biológicos , Química , Farmacología , Usos Terapéuticos , Enfermedad Hepática Inducida por Sustancias y Drogas , Colestenos , Química , Farmacología , Usos Terapéuticos , VLDL-Colesterol , Sangre , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Etanol , Toxicidad , Cuerpos Fructíferos de los Hongos , Química , Hígado , Metabolismo , Patología , Hepatopatías Alcohólicas , Malondialdehído , Sangre , Estructura Molecular , Triglicéridos , Sangre , Triterpenos , Química , Farmacología , Usos TerapéuticosRESUMEN
Objective To investigate the effect of neoadjuvant chemotherapy on the expression of four molecular markers ER,PR,HER-2 and Ki6 7 ,so as to provide the basis for accurate individualized treatment of breast cancer patients.Methods We enrolled 165 breast cancer patients who underwent radical surgery in the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University from January 1,2013 to December 31,2015.Among them,62 patients received preoperative neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC group),and 103 received no adjuvant (control group).We collected all the patients'preoperative and postoperative pathological specimens;we detected the expression levels of ER,PR,HER-2 and Ki67 by immunohistochemical method.Results Compared with that in control group patients,in NAC group the change rate of ER expression was 12.1% (7/58)and 7.8% (8/103) before and after chemotherapy,respectively,with no significant difference (P=0.3 78);the change rate of PR expression was 10.3% (3/58)and 10.7% (11/103),with no significant difference (P=0.227);the change rate of HER-2 expression was 8.6% (5/58)and 22.3 (23/103),with significant difference (P=0.026);the change rate of Ki67 expression was 39.7% (23/58)and 19.4% (20/103),with significant difference (P=0.006).In addition,the effective rate of neoadjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer patients with high Ki67 expression was 63.8% (30/47), that of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients with low Ki6 7 expression was 3 3 .3 % (5/15),with significant differences between the two groups (P=0.038).Conclusion Neoadjuvant chemotherapy can change the status of HER-2 and Ki6 7 in breast cancer patients,in which the high Ki6 7 expression level predicts better effect of chemo-therapy.
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In this study the chemical constituents of the higher polar sustances from Desmodium caudatum were investigated.The compounds were isolated by using column chromatographies over silicagel, polyamide, ODS, Sephadex LH-20, and preparative HPLC. The structures of these compounds were identified on the basis of NMR and MS spectra. Thirteen compounds were obtained and their structures were identified as vanillin(1), loliolide(2), indole-3-carboxaldehyde(3), salicylic acid(4), swertisin(5), saccharumoside C(6), isosinensin (7), kaempferol 3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside-7-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside (8), isovitexin (9), vitexin (10), nothofagin(11), resveratroloside (12), and 2"-α-rhamnopyranosyl-7-O-methylvitexin (13). Except for compound 5, the remaining compounds were isolated from D. caudatum for the first time. Compounds 2, 3, 6-8, 11-13 were separated from the genus Desmodium for the first time.
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Apigenina , Química , Medicamentos Herbarios Chinos , Química , Fabaceae , Química , Estructura Molecular , Saponinas , Química , Espectrometría de Masa por Ionización de ElectrosprayRESUMEN
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the chemical constituents of Elephantopus tomentosus.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The compounds were isolated by repeated HP20 macro porous adsorption resin column combined with Sephadex LH-20, ODS and silica gel chromatographies. The structures were identified on the basis of extensive spectroscopic data analysis and by comparison of their spectral data reported.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Eighteen compounds were identified as 2-deethoxy-2beta-hydroxyphantomolin (1), 2beta-hydroxy-2-deethoxy-8-O-deacylphantomolin-8-O-tiglinate (2), 2beta-methoxy-2-deethoxyphantomolin (3), 2beta-methoxy-2-deethoxy-8-O-deacylphantomolin-8-O-tiglinate (4), molephantin (5), molephantinin (6), tricin (7), luteolin (8), quercetin (9), 3beta-friedelinol (10), 3beta-hydroxyolean-12-en-28-oic acid (11), 3, 5-di-O-caffeoyl quinic acid (12), 3,4-di-O-caffeoyl quinic acid (13), syringaresinol-4-beta-D-glucopyranoside (14), xylogranatinin (15), byzantionoside B (16), 2'-hydroxycinnamaldehyde (17), and caffeic acid ethyl ester (18).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Compounds 9, 11, 14-18 were separated from Elephantopus for the first time.</p>
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Asteraceae , Química , Medicamentos Herbarios Chinos , Química , Espectrometría de Masas , Estructura MolecularRESUMEN
Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of absolute alcohol in hemostasis in surgical resection of giant meningiomas with rich blood supply. Methods Twelve patients with giant meningiomas with rich blood supply were injected with absolute alcohol (8.5-27 mL, mean 11.2 mL) in the operations, and the tumors were resected under microscope. Results The tissues in the injection areas turned white and the tumors became hardened after the injection. The bleeding of the tumor surface and section was obviously decreased or even stopped. The quantities of bleeding were 48-154 mL in the operations, with an average of 67 mL. Total tumor resection was achieved in 11 patients (91.6%) and partial resection in 1 patient. No complications associated with the surgery were found in these cases. Conclusion Injection of absolute alcohol for hemostasis in surgical removal of giant meningiomas with rich blood supply is convenient and effective and can be widely applied in clinical practice.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>Machado-Joseph disease (MJD)/Spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 (SCA3) is an autosomal dominant neurodegenerative disorder caused by an expansion of polyglutamine tract near the C-terminus of the MJD1 gene product, ataxin-3. The precise mechanism of the MJD/SCA3 pathogenesis remains unclear. A growing body of evidence demonstrates that phosphorylation plays an important role in the pathogenesis of many neurodegenerative diseases. However, few kinases are known to phosphorylate ataxin-3. The present study is to explore whether ataxin-3 is a substrate of casein kinase 2 (CK2).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The interaction between ataxin-3 and CK2 was identified by glutathione S-transferase (GST) pull-down assay and co-immunoprecipition assay. The phosphorylation of ataxin-3 by CK2 was measured by in vitro phosphorylation assays. Results (1) Both wild type and expanded ataxin-3 interacted with CK2alpha and CK2beta in vitro. (2) In 293 cells, both wild type and expanded ataxin-3 interacted with CK2beta, but not CK2alpha. (3) CK2 phosphorylated wild type and expanded ataxin-3.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Ataxin-3 is a substrate of protein kinase CK2.</p>
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Humanos , Ataxina-3 , Quinasa de la Caseína II , Metabolismo , Línea Celular Transformada , Glutatión Transferasa , Metabolismo , Inmunoprecipitación , Métodos , Proteínas del Tejido Nervioso , Metabolismo , Proteínas Nucleares , Metabolismo , Fosforilación , Proteínas Represoras , Metabolismo , Transfección , MétodosRESUMEN
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>Machado-Joseph disease (MJD), also known as spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 (SCA3), is a dominant neurodegenerative disorder caused by an expansion of the polyglutamine (polyQ) tract in MJD-1 gene product, ataxin-3 (AT3). This disease is characterized by the formation of intraneuronal inclusions, but the mechanism underlying their formation is still poorly understood. The present study is to explore the relationship between wild type (WT) AT3 and polyQ expanded AT3.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Mouse neuroblastoma (N2a) cells or HEK293 cells were co-transfected with WT AT3 and different truncated forms of expanded AT3. The expressions of WT AT3 and the truncated forms of expanded AT3 were detected by Western blotting, and observed by an inverted fluorescent microscope. The interactions between AT3 and different truncated forms of expanded AT3 were detected by immunoprecipitation and GST pull-down assays.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Using fluorescent microscope, we observed that the truncated forms of expanded AT3 aggregate in transfected cells, and the full-length WT AT3 is recruited onto the aggregates. However, no aggregates were observed in cells transfected with the truncated forms of WT AT3. Immunoprecipitation and GST pull-down analyses indicate that WT AT3 interacts with the truncated AT3 in a polyQ length-dependent manner.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>WT AT3 deposits in the aggregation that was formed by polyQ expanded AT3, which suggests that the formation of AT3 aggregation may affect the normal function of WT AT3 and increase polyQ protein toxicity in MJD.</p>
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Animales , Ratones , Ataxina-3 , Western Blotting , Línea Celular , Inmunoprecipitación , Enfermedad de Machado-Joseph , Metabolismo , Microscopía Fluorescente , Proteínas Nucleares , Genética , Metabolismo , Péptidos , Metabolismo , Factores de Transcripción , Genética , Metabolismo , TransfecciónRESUMEN
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the protective effect of ischemic preconditioning against cold ischemia and reperfusion injury of rat intestinal graft following orthotopic transplantation.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Eighty SD rats were randomly assigned into two groups with and without ischemic preconditioning, and each group was divided into 4 subgroups (n=10) according to the intestinal graft cold ischemia time of 3, 6, 12, and 18 h, respectively. Ischemic preconditioning model was established, and the small intestinal graft was preserved at 4 degrees celsius; in Ringer lactate solution for the corresponding time, followed by orthotopic transplantation of the graft. The graft samples were collected for histological examination 1 h after reperfusion, and nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) expression in the epithelial cells was detected.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Ischemia preconditioning obviously relieved the histological ischemia/reperfusion injury, as shown by regular alignment of the small intestinal villi, alleviated muscular layer edema and decreased expression of NF-kappaB in the epithelia of the graft in groups with cold preservation.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Ischemic preconditioning can protect the intestinal graft from cold ischemia/reperfusion injury, and NF-kappaB is an important cytokine in ischemia preconditioning.</p>
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Animales , Ratas , Isquemia Fría , Intestino Delgado , Patología , Trasplante , Precondicionamiento Isquémico , FN-kappa B , Metabolismo , Preservación de Órganos , Ratas Sprague-Dawley , Daño por ReperfusiónRESUMEN
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To improve the diagnosis, therapy and prognosis of testicular tumor in Mongolian men.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A retrospective review of 35 cases of testicular tumors in Mongolian men from seven medical centers dated from 1990 to 2004 was performed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The usual presentation of a testicular tumor was a nodular or painless swelling of one gonad. The mean delay in diagnosis was 40.03 +/- 53.45 weeks. For 16 patients, delay in diagnosis was more than or equal to six months. The histologic composition of this series was 21 (60%) seminoma, 10 (28.6%) nonseminoma, 2 (5.7%) lymphoma, 1 (2.35%) fibroneuroma and 1 (2.35%) leiomyoma. Regarding stage, 22, 2, and 5 of 29 germ cell tumors were seen initially as stage I, II, and III, respectively. Combined therapy, including radical orchiectomy, radiotherapy and chemotherapy, were taken. 29 cases have been followed for 2 months to 10 years, 4 out of them died of distant metastasis, one died of other disease, one lives with tumor, the others live without relapse and metastasis. Three and 5-year survival rates for Mongolian patients with seminoma and nonseminoma were 95.0%, 95.0%, 57.1% and 42.8%, respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>In this article, the rate of seminoma to germ cell tumors is higher than that of general population. There is an increased mean delay in diagnosis for Mongolian patients. Three and 5-year survival rates for nonseminoma are lower than that for seminoma. Better public awareness regarding testicular tumor in this population, advances in diagnosis and therapy will help to improve therapeutic effectiveness and prognosis.</p>