Validity of Wrist and Forehead Temperature in Temperature Screening in the General Population During the Outbreak of 2019 Novel Coronavirus: a prospective real-world study

AimsTemperature screening is important in the population during the outbreak of 2019 Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19). This study aimed to compare the accuracy and precision of wrist and forehead temperature with tympanic temperature under different circumstances. MethodsWe performed a prospective observational study in a real-life population. We consecutively collected wrist and forehead temperatures in Celsius ({degrees}C) using a non-contact infrared thermometer (NCIT). We also measured the tympanic temperature using a tympanic thermometers (IRTT) and defined fever as a tympanic temperature [≥]37.3{degrees}C. ResultsWe enrolled a total of 528 participants including 261 indoor and 267 outdoor participants. We divided outdoor participants into four types according to their means of transportation to the hospital as walk, bicycle, electric vehicle, car, and inside the car. Under different circumstance, the mean difference ranged from -1.72 to -0.56{degrees}C in different groups for the forehead measurements, and -0.96 to -0.61{degrees}C for the wrist measurements. Both measurements had high fever screening abilities in inpatients (wrist: AUC 0.790; 95% CI: 0.725-0.854, P <0.001; forehead: AUC 0.816; 95% CI: 0.757-0.876, P <0.001). The cut-off value of wrist measurement for detecting tympanic temperature [≥]37.3{degrees}C was 36.2{degrees}C with a 86.4% sensitivity and a 67.0% specificity, and the best threshold of forehead measurement was also 36.2{degrees}C with a 93.2% sensitivity and a 60.0% specificity. ConclusionsWrist measurement is more stable than forehead measurement under different circumstance. Both measurements have great fever screening abilities for indoor patients. The cut-off value of both measurements was 36.2{degrees}C. (ClinicalTrials.gov number: NCT04274621)

Effect of MHSP65-TCL anti-melanoma vaccine on the activity of immunocytes / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the therapeutic effect of MHSP65-TCL on melanoma and its effect on the activity of the immunocytes.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>MHSP65-TCL was prepared by mixing MHSP65 with TCL derived from B16 melanoma cell lysate by repeated freezing and thawing. The MHSP65-TCL vaccine was administered in mice bearing B16 melanoma, and the changes in melanoma growth was observed. To investigate the influence of TCL in MHSP65-TCL on the activity of the immunocytes, we co-cultured TCL and mouse spleen cells in vitro, and analyzed CD69 expression on the cells, cell apoptosis, and levels of IL-10 and IFN-γ in the cell culture supernatant.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The MHSP65-TCL vaccine showed an anti-melanoma effect in the tumor-bearing mice. In the in vitro experiment, TCL in MHSP65-TCL strongly stimulated the activation of mouse spleen cells while causing apoptosis in some of the immunocytes and promoting cellular IL-10 secretion, but not IFN-γ.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>MHSP65-TCL derived from B16 melanoma cells has an anti-melanoma effect mediated by the activation of immunocytes. TCL in MHSP65-TCL also has immunosuppressive effect on immunocytes possibly due to the presence of suppressive components in TCL, and identifying and eliminating these components may potentially improve the anti-tumor actovoty of MSHP65-TCL vaccine.</p>