Effect of dentin biomodification delivered by experimental acidic and neutral primers on resin adhesion.

OBJECTIVES: Proanthocyanidins (PACs) are biocompounds mimicking native collagen cross-links. The effective and practical delivery of any biocompound is pivotal for clinical usage. The aim was to investigate the dentin biomodification and effective formation of dentin-resin biointerfaces of two highly bioactive PAC-rich extracts, Vitis vinifera (Vv) and Camellia sinensis (Cs), delivered using neutral (NP) or acidic (AP) rinse-out primer approaches. METHODS: The depth of dentin demineralization (optical profilometry), dentin biomodification (apparent modulus of elasticity, collagen auto-fluorescence) and properties of dentin-resin interfaces (microtensile bond strength - µTBS, and micro-permeability) were investigated. NP consisted of either 15% Vv or Cs applied for 60 s after surface etching; while AP contained 15% Vv or Cs in either 35% glycolic acid or tartaric acid applied for 30 s or 60 s. Data were analyzed using ANOVA and post-hoc tests (α = 0.05). RESULTS: The depth of demineralization was statistically higher when applied for 60 s, regardless of rinse-out primer approach (p < 0.001). Compared to the AP strategy, NP exhibited statistically higher apparent modulus of elasticity, regardless of PAC extract (p < 0.001). Highest µTBS were obtained for NPVv, which were statistically similar to APGAVv, when applied for 60 s (p < 0.001); both resulted in a dramatic decrease of the interfacial permeability. NPCs group showed the lowest µTBS (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: A combination of high bond strength and low micro-permeability can be accomplished using glycolic acid with the mid- and high-PAC oligomer enriched extract (Vv). Cs extract containing mostly catechins and dimeric PACs, was found unsuitable for resin-dentin adhesion despite exhibiting high initial dentin biomodification. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: This study provides a new conceptual delivery of PAC-mediated dentin biomodification and conservative dentin surface etching using rinse-out primers. The strategy requires a specific combination of PAC source, α-hydroxy acid, and application time.

Pesquisa de Mycoplasma em aves da família Psittacidae mantidas em diferentes cativeiros no Brasil Central / Research of Mycoplasma in the family Psittacidae kept in different captivities in Central Brazil

O presente estudo teve como objetivo investigar a presença de Mycoplasma gallisepticum e M. synoviae em diferentes espécies de psitacídeos cativos no Brasil Central. Um total de 300 amostras foram coletadas e corresponderam a 41 espécies de psitacídeos da fauna brasileira, provenientes do CETAS, criadouro comercial e criadouro conservacionista. Quatorze espécies apresentaram amostras positivas para M. gallisepticum destacando a maracanã-verdadeira (Primolius maracana) (01/02, 50%), a arara-canindé (Ara ararauna) (15/48, 33,3%) e a jandaia-verdadeira (Aratinga jandaia) (03/10, 30%). Amostras do CETAS obtiveram total de 21,62% (16/74) de amostras positivas, do criadouro comercial 15,7% (19/121) e do criadouro conservacionista 6,66% (7/105). Apenas três espécies foram positivas para M. synoviae sendo essas, a maracanã-pequena (Primolius maracana) (1/10 - 10%), arara-macao (Ara macao) (1/12, 8,3%) e arara-canindé (Ara ararauna) (2/48, 4,1%). O CETAS obteve 2,7% (2/74) de amostras positivas totais, enquanto o criadouro conservacionista obteve total de 1,9% (2/105) de amostras. Não ocorreram amostras positivas para M. synoviae no criadouro comercial. Os resultados mostraram um considerável número de amostras positivas para M. gallisepticum em espécies da família Psittacidae, indicando que estes animais podem ser uma fonte de infecção silenciosa para outras aves, uma vez que não apresentaram sintomatologia clínica.(AU)

The study aimed to investigate the presence of Mycoplasma gallisepticum and M. synoviae in different species of captive parrots, in Central Brazil. A total of 300 samples were collected from 41 brazilian species of Psittacidae at three captivities: Centro de Triagem de Animais Silvestres (CETAS), a conservation and a commercial captivity. Fourteen species presented positive samples for M. galisepticum, the most affected were blue-winged macaw (Primolius maracana) (01/02, 50%), blue-and-yellow macaw (Ara ararauna) (15/48, 33.3%), and jandaia parakeet (Aratinga jandaia) (03/10, 30%). CETAS facility showed 21.62% (16/74) of positive samples, while the commercial captivity showed 15.7% (19/121), and the conservation captivity 6.66% (7/105). Only three species presented positive samples for M. synoviae: blue-winged macaw (Primolius maracana) (1/10, 10%), scarlet macaw (Ara macao) (1/12, 8.3%) e blue-and-yellow macaw (Ara ararauna) (2/48, 4.1%). CETAS facility showed 2.7% (2/74) of positive samples, while the conservation captivity presented 1.9% (2/105), and no positive samples were found in the commercial captivity. Results showed a considerable number of positive samples for M. galisepticum in species of Psittacidae family, indicating that these animals can be a silent source of infection for other birds, since they did not present clinical symptoms.(AU)

Pesquisa de Mycoplasma em aves da família Psittacidae mantidas em diferentes cativeiros no Brasil Central / Research of Mycoplasma in the family Psittacidae kept in different captivities in Central Brazil

O presente estudo teve como objetivo investigar a presença de Mycoplasma gallisepticum e M. synoviae em diferentes espécies de psitacídeos cativos no Brasil Central. Um total de 300 amostras foram coletadas e corresponderam a 41 espécies de psitacídeos da fauna brasileira, provenientes do CETAS, criadouro comercial e criadouro conservacionista. Quatorze espécies apresentaram amostras positivas para M. gallisepticum destacando a maracanã-verdadeira (Primolius maracana) (01/02, 50%), a arara-canindé (Ara ararauna) (15/48, 33,3%) e a jandaia-verdadeira (Aratinga jandaia) (03/10, 30%). Amostras do CETAS obtiveram total de 21,62% (16/74) de amostras positivas, do criadouro comercial 15,7% (19/121) e do criadouro conservacionista 6,66% (7/105). Apenas três espécies foram positivas para M. synoviae sendo essas, a maracanã-pequena (Primolius maracana) (1/10 - 10%), arara-macao (Ara macao) (1/12, 8,3%) e arara-canindé (Ara ararauna) (2/48, 4,1%). O CETAS obteve 2,7% (2/74) de amostras positivas totais, enquanto o criadouro conservacionista obteve total de 1,9% (2/105) de amostras. Não ocorreram amostras positivas para M. synoviae no criadouro comercial. Os resultados mostraram um considerável número de amostras positivas para M. gallisepticum em espécies da família Psittacidae, indicando que estes animais podem ser uma fonte de infecção silenciosa para outras aves, uma vez que não apresentaram sintomatologia clínica.(AU)

The study aimed to investigate the presence of Mycoplasma gallisepticum and M. synoviae in different species of captive parrots, in Central Brazil. A total of 300 samples were collected from 41 brazilian species of Psittacidae at three captivities: Centro de Triagem de Animais Silvestres (CETAS), a conservation and a commercial captivity. Fourteen species presented positive samples for M. galisepticum, the most affected were blue-winged macaw (Primolius maracana) (01/02, 50%), blue-and-yellow macaw (Ara ararauna) (15/48, 33.3%), and jandaia parakeet (Aratinga jandaia) (03/10, 30%). CETAS facility showed 21.62% (16/74) of positive samples, while the commercial captivity showed 15.7% (19/121), and the conservation captivity 6.66% (7/105). Only three species presented positive samples for M. synoviae: blue-winged macaw (Primolius maracana) (1/10, 10%), scarlet macaw (Ara macao) (1/12, 8.3%) e blue-and-yellow macaw (Ara ararauna) (2/48, 4.1%). CETAS facility showed 2.7% (2/74) of positive samples, while the conservation captivity presented 1.9% (2/105), and no positive samples were found in the commercial captivity. Results showed a considerable number of positive samples for M. galisepticum in species of Psittacidae family, indicating that these animals can be a silent source of infection for other birds, since they did not present clinical symptoms.(AU)

The 9th International Countercurrent Chromatography Conference held at Dominican University, Chicago, USA, August 1-3, 2016.

The 9th International Countercurrent Chromatography Conference (CCC 2016) was held at Dominican University near Chicago, IL (USA), from August 1st-3rd, 2016. The biennial CCC 20XX conferences provide an opportunity for countercurrent chromatography and centrifugal partition chromatography (CCC/CPC) manufactures, marketers, theorists, and research scientists to gather together socially, learn from each other, and advance countercurrent separation technology. A synopsis of the conference proceedings as well as a series of short reviews of the special edition articles is included in this document. Many productive discussions and collegial conversation at CCC 2016 attested to the liveliness, connectivity, and productivity of the global countercurrent research community and bodes well for the success of the 10th conference at the University of Braunschweig, Germany on August 1-3, 2018.

Incidence of reproductive disorders in Holstein cows raised in semiarid conditions / Incidência de distúrbios reprodutivos em vacas da raça Holandesa criadas em condições de semiárido

This study was conducted at the Agronomic Institute of Pernambuco IPA, Experimental Station of São Bento do Una located at latitude -8º3135 S, longitude -36 2735 W and altitude 629m, Pernambuco Brazil with the objective of evaluating the incidence of reproductive disorders in Holstein cows raised in semi-arid conditions. Holstein cows (n=478) kept in semi-intensive system, in reproductive age, ranging from 24 to 108 months, lactating or non-lactating were evaluated. Females were subjected to monitoring of cyclic ty and gynecological examination every 30 days. Reproductive disorders were analyzed in the period of January 2013 to December 2014, being observed the influence season (rainy and dry) on the occurrence of most common reproductive pathology. Data was submitted to ANOVA, Scott-Knott Test and t-Student Test 5%. The results showed a higher incidence (p<0.05) of retained placenta (31.75%) and clinical endometritis (30.66%), and also registered 10.95% of abortion. Significant effect (p<0.05) of weather station was registered on the occurrence of retained placenta being 55.2% in the rainy season and 44.8% in the dry season. No difference was registered for clinical endometritis. It is concluded that the retention of placenta and clinical endometritis are reproductive disorders of higher incidence, as well as the placenta retention in Holstein cows raised in semi-arid conditions is influenced by the weather station.(AU)

O estudo foi realizado na Estação Experimental de São Bento do Una (EESBU), pertencente ao Instituto Agronômico de Pernambuco IPA, localizada a latitude -8º3135 S, longitude -362735 W e altitude 629m, Pernambuco, Brasil. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a incidência de distúrbios reprodutivos em vacas Holandesas criadas em condições de semiárido. Foram avaliadas fêmeas da raça Holandesa (n=478) em idade reprodutiva, lactantes e não lactantes e com idade variando de 24 a 108 meses, mantidas em sistema semi-intensivo de criação. As fêmeas foram submetidas ao acompanhamento da ciclicidade e exame ginecológico a cada 30 dias. Foram avaliados os dados da ocorrência de distúrbios reprodutivos no período de 2010 a 2014. Sendo também avaliada a influência da estação climática (chuvosa e seca) sobre a ocorrência das patologias reprodutivas de maior incidência. Os dados foram submetidos a ANOVA, ao teste de Scott-Knott e ao teste t a 5%. Quanto aos resultados evidenciou-se maior incidência (p<0,05) de retenção de placenta (31,75%) e endometrite clínica (30,66%), sendo ainda registrado 10,95% de aborto. Houve influência (p<0,05) da estação climática sobre ocorrência de retenção de placenta, sendo registrados 55,2% na estação chuvosa e 44,8% durante a seca. Porém, não sendo registrada diferença para endometrite clínica em ambas estações chuvosa e seca. Portanto, conclui-se que a retenção de placenta e a endometrite clínica são os distúrbios reprodutivos de maior incidência, bem como, que a retenção de placenta em vacas da raça Holandesa criadas em condições de semiárido sofre influência da estação climática.(AU)

Incidence of reproductive disorders in Holstein cows raised in semiarid conditions / Incidência de distúrbios reprodutivos em vacas da raça Holandesa criadas em condições de semiárido

This study was conducted at the Agronomic Institute of Pernambuco IPA, Experimental Station of São Bento do Una located at latitude -8º3135 S, longitude -36 2735 W and altitude 629m, Pernambuco Brazil with the objective of evaluating the incidence of reproductive disorders in Holstein cows raised in semi-arid conditions. Holstein cows (n=478) kept in semi-intensive system, in reproductive age, ranging from 24 to 108 months, lactating or non-lactating were evaluated. Females were subjected to monitoring of cyclic ty and gynecological examination every 30 days. Reproductive disorders were analyzed in the period of January 2013 to December 2014, being observed the influence season (rainy and dry) on the occurrence of most common reproductive pathology. Data was submitted to ANOVA, Scott-Knott Test and t-Student Test 5%. The results showed a higher incidence (p<0.05) of retained placenta (31.75%) and clinical endometritis (30.66%), and also registered 10.95% of abortion. Significant effect (p<0.05) of weather station was registered on the occurrence of retained placenta being 55.2% in the rainy season and 44.8% in the dry season. No difference was registered for clinical endometritis. It is concluded that the retention of placenta and clinical endometritis are reproductive disorders of higher incidence, as well as the placenta retention in Holstein cows raised in semi-arid conditions is influenced by the weather station.

O estudo foi realizado na Estação Experimental de São Bento do Una (EESBU), pertencente ao Instituto Agronômico de Pernambuco IPA, localizada a latitude -8º3135 S, longitude -362735 W e altitude 629m, Pernambuco, Brasil. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a incidência de distúrbios reprodutivos em vacas Holandesas criadas em condições de semiárido. Foram avaliadas fêmeas da raça Holandesa (n=478) em idade reprodutiva, lactantes e não lactantes e com idade variando de 24 a 108 meses, mantidas em sistema semi-intensivo de criação. As fêmeas foram submetidas ao acompanhamento da ciclicidade e exame ginecológico a cada 30 dias. Foram avaliados os dados da ocorrência de distúrbios reprodutivos no período de 2010 a 2014. Sendo também avaliada a influência da estação climática (chuvosa e seca) sobre a ocorrência das patologias reprodutivas de maior incidência. Os dados foram submetidos a ANOVA, ao teste de Scott-Knott e ao teste t a 5%. Quanto aos resultados evidenciou-se maior incidência (p<0,05) de retenção de placenta (31,75%) e endometrite clínica (30,66%), sendo ainda registrado 10,95% de aborto. Houve influência (p<0,05) da estação climática sobre ocorrência de retenção de placenta, sendo registrados 55,2% na estação chuvosa e 44,8% durante a seca. Porém, não sendo registrada diferença para endometrite clínica em ambas estações chuvosa e seca. Portanto, conclui-se que a retenção de placenta e a endometrite clínica são os distúrbios reprodutivos de maior incidência, bem como, que a retenção de placenta em vacas da raça Holandesa criadas em condições de semiárido sofre influência da estação climática.

Use of grape pomaces to produce biomass of aKomagataella pastoris strain expressing a bovine chymosin activity.

The use of agroindustrial wastes not only decreases bioprocesses and disposal costs but also contributes to the upgrading of the residues. An active recombinant methanol-inducible bovine chymosin has been expressed in our laboratory in the yeastKomagataella pastoris, and grape pomace extracts (GRE) were proposed as a convenient C-energy source for the biomass production of the genetically engineered strain. Carbon and nitrogen sources, growth factors, and initial pH conditions were selected by classical methodology; thereafter, growth conditions optimization was performed using statistical designed experiments (DoEs). In the presence of (in g·L(-1)) 67.0 monosaccharides (glucose and fructose) from GRE, 5.0 (NH4)2SO4, and 10.0 sugar cane molasses (CMz), a yield of 20.0 g·L(-1) cell dry weight (CDW) was obtained aerobically after 60 h incubation at 28°C and pH 4.0. Applying a fed-batch strategy with methanol:sorbitol as the enzyme inducers, a chymosin production of 8.53 International Milk Clotting Units (IMCU) per mg protein was obtained in the supernatant. The results presented show that through a statistical design, a simple, cheap, and easy to prepare culture medium could be developed using two agroindustrial derivatives (GRE and CMz) to obtain a higher value added product.

Stereochemical analysis of leubethanol, an anti-TB-active serrulatane, from Leucophyllum frutescens.

Bioactivity-guided fractionation of the methanolic root bark extract of Leucophyllum frutescens led to the identification of leubethanol (1), a new serrulatane-type diterpene with activity against both multi-drug-resistant and drug-sensitive strains of virulent Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Leubethanol (1) was identified by 1D/2D NMR data, as a serrulatane closely related to erogorgiane (2), and exhibited anti-TB activity with minimum inhibitory concentrations in the range 6.25-12.50 µg/mL. Stereochemical evidence for 1 was gleaned from 1D and 2D NOE experiments, from 1H NMR full spin analysis, and by comparison of the experimental vibrational circular dichroism (VCD) spectrum to density functional theory calculated VCD spectra of two diastereomers.

[Canine visceral leishmaniasis in dog from Caldas Novas, Goiás]. / Leishmaniose visceral canina em cão de Caldas Novas, Goiás.

The objective of the present work was to describe a visceral case of leishmaniasis in a dog from Caldas Novas, GO, region until then considered as a disease free area. The animal, attended in the Veterinarian Hospital of the Federal University of Goiás, presented loss of weight, alopecic area of irregular format at the nasal back, onicogrifosis, atrophy of the heads muscles and failure of the right popliteus lymphonode. For the laboratorial diagnosis, samples were collected by biopsy from the complete skin of the auricular region, by punsion from the popliteus lymphonode for preparation of Giemsa stained blades and 5 mL of the blood were also collected for serum diagnosis. The direct microscopy revealed, from the evaluation of the imprint obtained from the skin fragment and from the squash of the inhaled lymphonode, great amount of amastigoste forms of Leishmania in the cytoplasm of macrophages. Based on the clinical presentation, on the parasitologic and on the serology examination of the samples, we concluded the exams with the diagnosis of calazar disease.

Ethnopharmacological evaluation of the informant consensus model on anti-tuberculosis claims among the Manus.

Ethnobotanists often utilize predictive models to analyze the potential of indigenously used medicinal plants. The most common of these prognostic models is the informant consensus model. This study evaluates use of this model through the analytical ethnopharmacology of Manus Province, Papua New Guinea (PNG). The informant consensus model enables researchers to prioritize plants for pharmacognostic evaluation, based on the relative frequency of plants cited in anthropological interviews. Fieldwork on Manus Island, PNG, led to the identification of 43 species of plants used in traditional medicine for persistent respiratory symptoms. Plants were collected, dried, micro-extracted using a new technique generated in our laboratory, and evaluated in vitro against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The results, in the form of IC(50) values and modified selectivity indices (SI), were compared to the results of the anthropological models of informant consensus, and statistically compared through linear regression and t-tests. Results were not statistically significant (alpha=0.1), leading to the conclusions that the informant consensus assumptions were inaccurate in predicting anti-mycobacterial activity among the Manus for anti-TB claims.

Children with steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome come of age: long-term outcome.

OBJECTIVE: Long-term outcome of steroid-sensitive idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (SSNS) in children is usually considered benign, although data on follow-up into adulthood are scarce. The aim of this study was to investigate adults who had childhood SSNS regarding their relapse rate, growth, and renal and extrarenal morbidity. STUDY DESIGN: Adult patients (n=42, 26 males) were evaluated at a median age of 28.0 (18.1 to 46.9) years and a median follow-up of 22.0 (2.9 to 39.0) years since diagnosis. RESULTS: Fourteen of 42 (33%) patients relapsed in adulthood. The number of relapses during childhood and adolescence and a complicated course-administration of steroid-sparing medication such as cyclophosphamide, chlorambucil, and cyclosporin A-were identified as risk factors. Final adult height (median SD score -0.4, range -3.3 to +1.3) and body mass index (BMI) were normal. Renal function was normal in all patients, and overall morbidity was low. Only eight patients (three males) had children. Cytotoxic therapy was identified as a major factor contributing to childlessness. CONCLUSION: Relapses in adulthood were common in pediatric patients with SSNS. Growth and renal function were normal, and overall morbidity was low. Yet, transition to an adult nephrologist is recommended for all children with relapsing SSNS.

Seroprevalencia de babesia equi en tres diferentes sistemas de crianza de equinos: Rio de Janeiro, Brasil / Seroprevalence of babesia equi in 3 breding systems of equines: Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Blood samples were collected by jugular venipuncture and periferic blood smears horses maintained in tree breed system: confined, semi confined and extensive. The blood of this animals was analyzed for immunofluorescent antibody test (IFAT) for B. equi, and the prevalence obtained were the 89.58 percent, 87.89 percent and 45.24 percent, in extensive system, on semi confined system and confined system, respectively. For the direct exam in blood smear, the values was 16.7 percent, 16.13 percent and 4.78 percent, respectively in extensive system, on semi confined system and confined system

Alteraciones electroencefalográficas en la enfermedad de Parkinson / Electroencefalographic changes in Parkinson's disease

Se estudió un grupo de 55 pacientes con enfermedad de Parkinson, de ambos sexos, con edad media de 62,9 años, largo tiempo de evolución de su enfermedad y todos en estadio II. Se dividió la muestra en 2 grupos (1 y 2), según estuvieran o no tratados con L-Dopa. No se encontraron diferencias globales en la aparición de alteraciones electroencefalográficas entre ambos, a excepción de una mayor incidencia del ritmo alfa en los pacientes del grupo 1 y la presencia de artefactos mecanográficos del temblor sólo en el 2. Hubo alteraciones del EEG en el 54,9 % de los pacientes, dadas por actividad lenta difusa en el 13,7, actividad theta focal en el 25,5, activida theta generalizada en el 9,8 y actividad paroxística sólo en el 5,9 %. Hubo cambios patológicos con la hiperventilación (HPV) en el 23,5 % de los pacientes. Se discuten las capacidades de la L-Dopa en la estabilización del ritmo alfa y en el control del temblor en los pacientes estudiados (AU)

Alteraciones electroencefalográficas en la enfermedad de Parkinson / Electroencefalographic changes in Parkinson's disease

Se estudió un grupo de 55 pacientes con enfermedad de Parkinson, de ambos sexos, con edad media de 62,9 años, largo tiempo de evolución de su enfermedad y todos en estadio II. Se dividió la muestra en 2 grupos (1 y 2), según estuvieran o no tratados con L-Dopa. No se encontraron diferencias globales en la aparición de alteraciones electroencefalográficas entre ambos, a excepción de una mayor incidencia del ritmo alfa en los pacientes del grupo 1 y la presencia de artefactos mecanográficos del temblor sólo en el 2. Hubo alteraciones del EEG en el 54,9 % de los pacientes, dadas por actividad lenta difusa en el 13,7, actividad theta focal en el 25,5, activida theta generalizada en el 9,8 y actividad paroxística sólo en el 5,9 %. Hubo cambios patológicos con la hiperventilación (HPV) en el 23,5 % de los pacientes. Se discuten las capacidades de la L-Dopa en la estabilización del ritmo alfa y en el control del temblor en los pacientes estudiados

Crisis psicógenas: diagnóstico / Psychogenic crises: diagnosis

Se estudiaron 71 pacientes: 13 masculinos y 58 femeninos con edades entre 13 y 48 años, y una media de 22,8 años en los que se planteó la posibilidad diagnóstica de crisis psicógenas debido a la falta de respuesta al tratamiento antiepiléptico, a lo atípico de sus crisis, a los antecedentes psiquiátricos y evidencia de ganancia primaria o secundaria. A todos le fue realizado, entre otras investigaciones, electroencefalograma en condiciones de reposo y durante la provocación de la crisis con la inyección endovenosa de solución salina fisiológica y sugestión. Con este método se logró diagnosticar crisis psicógenas en el 74,6

de los pacientes por la presentación del patrón crítico clínico que motivó el estudio, sin repercusión eléctrica cerebral durante la crisis clínica; 39 de estos pacientes presentaron solamente crisis psicógena, en otros 14 éstas se asociaban a crisis epilépticas, mientras que en 18 epilépticos no se obtuvo respuesta psicógena, y sí un electroencefalograma paroxístico focal. El patrón clínico psicógeno más frecuente fue el de alteración de la conciencia con movimientos corporales generalizados (36,6

) y el de la alteración de la conciencia (15,4

). La facilidad de ejecución de esta técnica y su claro valor diagnóstico la hace un método útil para el diagnóstico de las crisis psicógenas a ser aplicado en la práctica diaria en los departamentos que posean electroencefalografía (AU)

Posibles efectos del haloperidol sobre el electroencefalograma / Possible effects of haloperidol on EEG

Se realizó un estudio electroencefalográfico longitudinal, a 6 niños y adolescentes con enfermedades psiquiátricas que habían recibido tratamiento con haloperidol. Además de la actividad lenta de regiones posteriores, reportadas habitualmente en estos casos, encontramos un patrón constante de cambios en el electroencefalograma consistente en el enlentecimiento global de la actividad de fondo con la aparición simultánea de oleadas de actividad delta monomorfa bifrontal rítmica. La aparición de las anomalías en el EEG coincidió con la mejoría clínica de los casos, en los que no se detectaron signos de intoxicación por haloperidol. Estas alteraciones del EEG desaparecieron después de suprimir el fármaco, sin que se pudiera demostrar la presencia de daño estructural del SNC. La posibilidad de una idiosincracia medicamentosa a nivel eléctrico cerebral es valorada en la discusión (AU)

Potenciales evocados de corta latencia: II tiempo de conducción central (TCC) / Short-latency evoked potentials: central conduction time (CCT)

Se describe la técnica para la obtención del tiempo de conducción central (TCC) en el análisis de los potenciales evocados somatosensoriales de corta latencia (PES-CL), determinándose los datos normativos de nuestro laboratorio en un grupo de 30 sujetos normales, compuestos por 17 mujeres y 13 hombres, con edades comprendidas entre 19 y 67 años. No se hallaron asimetrías izquierda-derecha ni para las latencias de P13, N20, ni para el TCC. Mientras para las latencias de P13 y N20, se encontraron diferencias significativas según la edad y el sexo, el TCC no dependía de estas variables. Se sugiere el empleo de un filtro de corte bajo de 0,5 Hz-5 para la derivación cefálica y uno de 100 Hz para la derivación cervical, definiéndose entonces el TCC como el intervalo interpico P13-N20 (AU)

Potenciales evocados de corta latencia: II tiempo de conducción central (TCC) / Short-latency evoked potentials: central conduction time (CCT)

Se describe la técnica para la obtención del tiempo de conducción central (TCC) en el análisis de los potenciales evocados somatosensoriales de corta latencia (PES-CL), determinándose los datos normativos de nuestro laboratorio en un grupo de 30 sujetos normales, compuestos por 17 mujeres y 13 hombres, con edades comprendidas entre 19 y 67 años. No se hallaron asimetrías izquierda-derecha ni para las latencias de P13, N20, ni para el TCC. Mientras para las latencias de P13 y N20, se encontraron diferencias significativas según la edad y el sexo, el TCC no dependía de estas variables. Se sugiere el empleo de un filtro de corte bajo de 0,5 Hz-5 para la derivación cefálica y uno de 100 Hz para la derivación cervical, definiéndose entonces el TCC como el intervalo interpico P13-N20

Posibles efectos del haloperidol sobre el electroencefalograma / Possible effects of haloperidol on EEG

Se realizó un estudio electroencefalográfico longitudinal, a 6 niños y adolescentes con enfermedades psiquiátricas que habían recibido tratamiento con haloperidol. Además de la actividad lenta de regiones posteriores, reportadas habitualmente en estos casos, encontramos un patrón constante de cambios en el electroencefalograma consistente en el enlentecimiento global de la actividad de fondo con la aparición simultánea de oleadas de actividad delta monomorfa bifrontal rítmica. La aparición de las anomalías en el EEG coincidió con la mejoría clínica de los casos, en los que no se detectaron signos de intoxicación por haloperidol. Estas alteraciones del EEG desaparecieron después de suprimir el fármaco, sin que se pudiera demostrar la presencia de daño estructural del SNC. La posibilidad de una idiosincracia medicamentosa a nivel eléctrico cerebral es valorada en la discusión