Analysis of Noise Exposure Level and Influencing Factors of Small and Micro-Scale Enterprises in Beijing, China.

Understand the noise exposure level and influencing factors of small and micro-scale enterprises in Beijing, and support the formulation of noise prevention and control policies. Noise hazards in small- and micro-scale enterprises were monitored from May to December 2021 using a combination of questionnaire survey and on-site noise monitoring. The survey included questions on the basic characteristics of the enterprise, the situation of noise protection facilities, and protective equipment. We calculated the equivalent to the sound level of 8 h per day (LEX, 8h) or the equivalent of the sound level of 40 h per week (LEX,w) and the exceeding rate. Unconditional logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors. We recruited 194 enterprises in our study, including 145 small- and 49 micro-scale enterprises. Overall, 9.9% of the noise points exceeded the Chinese national standard, which was 85 dB(A). The detected noise of micro-enterprises significantly (P < .001) exceeded that of small enterprises. This is the first study to examine noise hazards of small and micro-scale enterprises in Beijing in recent years. Our results showed noise hazard prevention in Beijing is grim. It is suggested that the government should strengthen supervision, allocate responsibility to the employer, and guide them to establish and improve the management system for controlling noise hazards, to effectively reduce its impact on the health of workers.

Prevalence of reproductive system diseases among female workers in a city and related occupational influencing factors: an analysis of 9944 cases / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

Objective@#To investigate the prevalence of reproductive system diseases among female workers in a city and related occupational influencing factors.@*Methods@#From June to September, 2016, a cross-sectional survey was used to select 9 944 female workers from six districts of Beijing and then a face-to-face questionnaire survey was performed. Univariate analysis using chi-square test and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to investigate the risk factors for reproductive system diseases.@*Results@#The age of 9944 female workers ranged from 18 to 65 years (mean 35.53±9.52 years) , and among them, 7 351 (73.92%) were married. The overall prevalence rate of reproductive system diseases among these 9944 female workers during the past three months was 28.29%, and the prevalence rates of hyperplasia of mammary glands, vaginitis, and hysteromyoma were 15.54%, 11.25%, and 6.77%, respectively. After adjustment for age, marital status, education level, and annual family income, the multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that frequent overtime work (odds ratio[OR]=1.119, 95% confidence interval[CI]: 1.070-1.343) , frequent night shifts (OR=1.198, 95%CI: 1.054-1.361) , standing for a long time (OR=1.197, 95%CI: 1.063-1.347) , sitting for a long time (OR=1.327, 95%CI: 1.191-1.479) , heavy workload (OR=1.429, 95%CI: 1.262-1.615) , exposure to lead (OR=1.696, 95%CI: 1.307-2.201) , exposure to mercury (OR=1.452, 95%CI: 1.086-1.940) , and exposure to ionizing radiation (OR=1.679, 95%CI: 1.424-1.980) were associated with reproductive system diseases.@*Conclusion@#The prevalence of reproductive system diseases among female workers in Beijing is not optimistic. Reproductive system diseases are associated with frequent overtime work, frequent night shifts, standing for a long time, sitting for a long time, heavy workload, and exposure to lead, mercury, and ionizing radiation.

An investigation and analysis of abnormal menstruation in female nurses in a hospital in Beijing, China / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

Objective@#To investigate the status of abnormal menstruation in female nurses in a comprehensive hospital in Beijing, China and related influencing factors.@*Methods@#In July 2016, a cross-sectional survey was performed, and a self-administered questionnaire was used to investigate the status of menstruation and occupation in female nurses in a comprehensive hospital in Beijing. The chi-square test and a multivariate logistic regression analysis were used for statistical analysis.@*Results@#A total of 892 female nurses were investigated, and among them, 485 experienced abnormal menstruation within the past three months, resulting in an abnormal menstruation rate of 54.37%. The female nurses who were exposed to harmful factors during work, negative life events, or high workload had a significantly higher abnormal menstruation rate than those who were not exposed to such factors (χ2=5.199, 16.186, and 10.227, P<0.05 or P<0.01) . Negative life events (odds ratio [OR]=1.813, 95% confidence interval[CI]: 1.317-2.496) and high workload (OR=1.461, 95%CI: 1.112-1.918) were risk factors for abnormal menstruation.@*Conclusion@#Nurses have an abnormal menstruation rate as high as 54.37%, and high workload and negative life events were risk factors for abnormal menstruation in nurses.

An analysis of the evaluation results of symptom checklist 90 for female medical workers / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

Objective@#To evaluate the mental health of female doctors and nurses.@*Methods@#Investigat the psychologic status of female doctors and nurses using symptom checklist 90. And statistical software was applied to analyze results of symptom checklist 90.@*Results@#There were differences in the score of SCL-90 between doctor and nurse groups, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05) . Negative life events (OR=2.940) , relative suffer from mental illness (OR=3.683) , shift work (OR=1.611) and heavy workload (OR=2.265) were found to risk factors for the positive of SCL-90.@*Conclusion@#There were differences in the score of SCL-90 between doctor and nurse groups. Negative life events, relative suffer from mental illness, shift workand heavy workload are risk factors for SCL-90 positive of female doctors and nurses.

An analysis of the evaluation results of symptom checklist 90 for occupational females in different industries / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

Objective@#To evaluate the mental health of occupational females in different industries.@*Methods@#We investigated the psychologic status of Chinese occupational females using symptom checklist 90. And statistical software was applied to analyze results of symptom checklist 90.@*Results@#There were 41, 166 effec-tive questionnaires. The number of positive questionnaires was 14 361, and the positive rate was 34.89%. The positive rate of obsessive-compulsive factor was 24.07%. The positive rate of somatization factor was 16.12%. The positive rate of depression was 15.50%. The median positive item number was 20 (IQR: 34) , and the median split of positive symptoms was 2.11 (IQR: 0.37) . There were differences in the positive rate of SCL-90 scale among different age groups, different regions and different industries, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05) . The positive rate of SCL-90 for the occupational females was 34.89%. The top three factors of the high-est positive SCL-90 were obsessive-compulsive symptoms, somatization and depression.@*Conclusion@#There were differences in the psychological status of occupational females for different regions, different ages and different occupations.