RESUMEN
Objectives: Intermediate care centres (ICCs) exist in the UK to bridge between acute hospital and home for those with rehabilitation needs. A national study shows 25% of ICC in-patients died within a year of admission. High quality end-of-life care includes early conversations with a person and their loved ones about what matters to them; timely identification of those who are likely to be nearing the end of their life is key. Methods: This retrospective quantitative review of 98 patient notes reviewed deaths in one NHS trust, comparing 50 deaths in the acute hospital and 48 in the ICC. Data included frailty score, previous hospital admissions, specialist palliative input and conversations between professionals, patients and their loved ones. Supportive and Palliative Care Indicators Tool (SPICT) scores were used to identify those likely to have a poor prognosis. Results: Results showed statistically significant differences between the groups. The ICC cohort were older with higher clinical frailty scores. They were less likely to have previous hospital admissions but more likely to have poor prognostic features on final admission. Despite this, the possibility of deterioration was discussed them less frequently than the acute hospital cohort, and fewer saw the Palliative care team. Conclusion: This data suggests support is needed in ICCs to recognise those likely to be nearing end-of-life. One challenge is patients are more likely to be seen as 'well' in a rehabilitation focused environment. This paper suggests a 'proactive approach' trial using SPICT for ongoing assessment of ICC in-patients supporting identification of a deteriorating person and avoid missed opportunities for key conversations.
RESUMEN
Advanced cirrhosis confers a significant symptom burden and has a 50% 2-year mortality rate in those with decompensated disease. There is increasing demand for supportive and palliative care (SAPC) for these patients, yet no consensus on the best model of delivery. It is necessary to identify the needs of such patients and their carers, and evaluate whether they are being met.A literature search was conducted using key words pertaining to adult patients with liver cirrhosis and their SAPC needs. Study quality was assessed and findings grouped by theme. 51 full texts were selected for inclusion, 8 qualitative studies, 33 quantitative studies, 7 systematic reviews, 2 mixed methods studies and 1 Delphi methods. Key findings were grouped into three main themes: SAPC needs, access to SAPC and models of care.Patients with cirrhosis have significant psychological and physical symptom burden with many unmet needs. These data failed to identify the best service model of care. The impact of specialist palliative care (SPC) referral was limited by small numbers and late referrals. With the majority of studies conducted in the USA, it is unclear how well these findings translate to other healthcare systems. Comparison between hepatology led services and SPC was limited by inconsistent outcome measures and prevented pooling of data sets. These data also had limited evaluation of patient-reported outcome measures. We propose the development of a core outcome set to ensure consistent and meaningful evaluation of the SAPC needs of patients with advanced non-malignant liver cirrhosis.
RESUMEN
OBJECTIVES: This quality improvement project looked at enhancing do not attempt cardiopulmonary resuscitation (DNACPR) documentation in a Welsh National Health Service trust. METHODS: A full clinical review cycle was carried out, evaluating 50 DNACPR forms in each data collection, totalling 100 forms. The all Wales DNACPR audit template was used to ensure standardised audit criteria. After completion of the first data collection, several changes were introduced: a new version national form was adopted by the trust; a series of education events was launched to improve understanding of the all Wales DNACPR policy. Electronic learning resources, such as the TalkCPR videos and electronic staff record modules, were widely disseminated. RESULTS: The evaluation of data demonstrated consistency in completion of forms. The introduction of the new national form in phase 2 of the audit resulted in clearer documentation of discussions held with patients and their significant others and documented reasons why and when conversations had not taken place. CONCLUSION: Documentation of DNACPR discussions in the trust demonstrably improved in several domains. A central electronic record for advance and future care plans, accessible by all relevant healthcare providers, patients and carers, may be an effective way of improving further on the current paper-based model.
RESUMEN
CONTEXT: In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, NHS England prohibited people visiting acute hospital trusts. An end-of-life companion scheme was introduced to support the delivery of care for seriously unwell and dying patients during this time. OBJECTIVES: This study aims to capture the companions' experience and activities, including qualitative feedback, as well as outline recommendations for this role in future services and training. METHODS: The companions' service comprised Allied Healthcare Professionals working for the trust who volunteered for the role following a reduction in their normal workload due to COVID-19. They worked in shifts covering a 12-hour period every day of the week with patients identified by the palliative care team. Companions completed questionnaires containing a 4 domains mixture of Likert scale and free text responses before and after their experience. Details of the visits were recorded in daily spreadsheets. RESULTS: The majority of companions were from the physiotherapy team with a range of experience working in the NHS. In total, 64 patients were seen over 382 visits. The companions often carried out more than one activity per visit including communication with the patient and next of kin, personal care, literature, and spirituality. Data showed a statistically significant association between experience as a companion and reduced anxiety around spending time with dying people. CONCLUSION: This study highlights an interesting approach to changing job roles for health-care professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic as well as recognizing the importance of allied health professionals in the multidisciplinary approach to palliative and end-of-life care.
