RESUMEN
We report a documented case in Senegal with cri-du-chat syndrome diagnosed in a 3 months old girl. Our patient benefited from clinical examination, ECG (15 derivations), chest X ray and standard laboratory tests. The cry has been recorded on a magnetic band. We performed also a pulsed-Doppler, two dimensional and TM echocardiography. Chromosomal analysis has been realized. These data are discussed and compared to the literature. At admission this patient presents characteristic cat like cry. At examination, there is a facial dysmorphy, important growth retardation and feeding dyspnea. Auscultation shows a 3/6 left sub-clavicular systolic murmur. Laboratory tests show anemia (hemoglobin = 7.8 g/dl). Chest x-ray showed a cardio-thoracic ratio at 0.61 with increased pulmonary vascular markings. ECG showed right ventricular hypertrophy. Echocardiography-Doppler revealed persistent ductus arteriosus (PDA). Chromosomal analysis shows deletion of the short arm of chromosome 5. After treatment with digitalis and diuretics there was an improvement of cardiac failure. Diagnosis of cri-du-chat syndrome is easy when characteristic cat-like-cry is present. Cardiovascular abnormalities are unfrequent in this syndrome (20% of the cases). They are dominated by ventricular septal defect and PDA. Hemodynamic failure and related growth retardation can lead to cardiac surgery.
Asunto(s)
Anomalías Múltiples/diagnóstico , Anomalías Múltiples/genética , Síndrome del Maullido del Gato/diagnóstico , Síndrome del Maullido del Gato/genética , Deleción Cromosómica , Cromosomas Humanos Par 5 , Consanguinidad , Conducto Arterioso Permeable/complicaciones , Conducto Arterioso Permeable/diagnóstico , Conducto Arterioso Permeable/genética , Ecocardiografía , Electrocardiografía , Resultado Fatal , Femenino , Insuficiencia Cardíaca/etiología , Humanos , Hipertrofia Ventricular Derecha/complicaciones , Hipertrofia Ventricular Derecha/diagnóstico , Hipertrofia Ventricular Derecha/genética , Lactante , Cariotipificación , Linaje , Pronóstico , SenegalRESUMEN
The purpose of this study is to assess the profile of blood pressure and body mass index of children and adolescents in a rural area in Africa. It is a prospective study concerning a sample of 465 children and adolescents in the district of Thiadiaye (Senegal). The ration boys/girls was 1.02. Blood pressure was higher in girls. The prevalence of hypertension was 5.1% for the children and 1.5% for adolescents. There was no significative variation in body mass index for children whereas we were noted an augmentation with age in adolescence. The parameters of corpulence are higher in girls in adolescence. The prevalence of obesity was 3% in children and 2.4% for adolescents. There was no correlation between blood pressure and body mass index. This study show many particularities in rural area as for as blood pressure and body mas index of children and adolescent are concerned.
Asunto(s)
Presión Sanguínea , Índice de Masa Corporal , Adolescente , Niño , Femenino , Humanos , Hipertensión/epidemiología , Masculino , Obesidad/epidemiología , Prevalencia , Estudios Prospectivos , Valores de Referencia , Población Rural , SenegalRESUMEN
The objective of this article is to study the place of tobacco addiction in a rural area in Senegal. We have performed a transversal and domicillary study on a sample of adults and adolescents of the district of Thiadiaye (Senegal). The mean age of the studied population is 39 +/- 8.5 years (extremes: 12 and 100 years). The sex ratio is 0.85%. The prevalence of tobacco addict was 24.07%, 9% of the teenagers and 32% of the adults were smokers. Tobacco use was more frequent among men (89% 5%) than women (10.5%) (p < 10(-7)). The most common form was traditional tobacco: 62.1%. Cigarette was smoked in 14.4% of cases. The mean duration of tobacco use was 13 +/- -12.2 years. The mean consumption per day of traditional tobacco was 5.1 +/- 4, whereas the mean number of cigarettes per day is 12.3 +/- -7. Our study shows that tobacco occupies an important place in rural area in Senegal where coexist with traditional habits, a modern tobacco use represented by cigarette smoking.
Asunto(s)
Fumar/epidemiología , Adolescente , Adulto , Anciano , Niño , Estudios Transversales , Femenino , Hábitos , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Prevalencia , Población Rural , Senegal/epidemiologíaRESUMEN
There has been little research done on the differences between hyperthyroidie patients who exhibit cardiothyrosis and those who do not. The objective of this research was to elucidate the variations in echocardiographic parameters that exist between these two groups, in order to determine practical implications. A prospective study on 37 subjects was performed: 20 in group I (without cardiothyreosis) and 17 in group II (exhibiting cardiothyreosis). In both groups, women were predominant. Left ventricular diameters and volumes were statistically higher in group II (p < 0.0007). The left ventricular end systölic stress was also higher (140.10(3) +/- 37 vs 131.10(3) +/- 51 dynes/cm2. p < 0.05). There was no significance between the two groups in shortening fraction, ejection fraction and mean rate of circumferential fiber shortening. The E/A ratio of the mitral flow was higher in group II (1.98 +/- 1.3 vs 1.3 +/- 0.7, p < 0.05), but the isovolumetric relaxation time and the deceleration time of the E wave were similar in both groups. Left ventricular systolic dysfunction was observed in 5 patients of each group. Relaxation abnormalities were found in 10% of the subjects in group 1 and 33.3% in group II. Significant valvular regurgitation was observed only in group II (8 cases of mitral, 1 case of tricuspid and I case of aortic regurgitation). Given that cardiovascular perturbations may be different during the stages of the hyperthyroidism, different therapeutic approaches may thus be considered, facilated by appropriate echocardiographic examination.
Asunto(s)
Cardiopatías/diagnóstico por imagen , Hipertiroidismo/diagnóstico por imagen , Adulto , Ecocardiografía , Femenino , Cardiopatías/fisiopatología , Frecuencia Cardíaca/fisiología , Hemodinámica/fisiología , Hemoglobinas/metabolismo , Humanos , Hipertiroidismo/complicaciones , Hipertiroidismo/fisiopatología , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estudios Prospectivos , Función Ventricular IzquierdaRESUMEN
The authors report the case of a 30 year old man with a left ventricular aneurysm who was seropositive to HIV 1 and HIV 2. The patient was stage IVC 1 (AIDS related complex) by the "Center for Disease Control" classification. The clinical presentation was pyrexia, loss of weight, micropolyadenopathy and cardiac failure. The electrocardiogramme showed low voltage in the peripheral leads with a QS morphology in S2, S3 and aVF and abrasion, of the R wave in the precordial leads. Doppler echocardiography demonstrated a large left ventricular aneurysm with a wide neck. Despite treatment with a diuretic, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor and anticoagulants, the patient died suddenly. Autopsy confirmed the wide necked left ventricular aneurysm. This would appear to be the first report of this form of cardiac disease during HIV infection. However, a simple coincidence of the two pathologies cannot be excluded.
Asunto(s)
Infecciones por VIH/complicaciones , Aneurisma Cardíaco/complicaciones , Adulto , Resultado Fatal , Aneurisma Cardíaco/diagnóstico , Aneurisma Cardíaco/patología , Humanos , MasculinoRESUMEN
OBJECTIVES: Patients with systemic scleroderma often have latent heart disease which could play an important role in morbidity and mortality. We therefore conducted a prospective study of cardiovascular manifestations in patients with systemic scleroderma. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A prospective cross-sectional study included 29 patients with systemic scleroderma who underwent a complete cardiovascular work-up including physical examination, electrocardiogram, chest x-ray and Doppler-echocardiogram from July 1993 to February 1996. RESULTS: Hypertension was observed in 6 patients (20.7%) and was positively correlated with age (p = 0.007). Raynaud syndrome was also found in 6 patients (20.6%). Heart disease was observed in 14 patients (48.3%) and was positively correlated with age and lack of treatment for scleroderma (p = 0.008). Myocardial disease was the most frequent (11 patients, 37.9%), followed by pericardial disease and valve disease (4 cases each, 13.8%). Rhythm and conduction disorders were found in 2 (6.9%) and 8 (27.6%) of the patients. CONCLUSION: Cardiovascular manifestations are frequent but often latent in patients with systemic scleroderma. This finding emphasizes the importance of routine cardiovascular work-up in all patients with scleroderma.
Asunto(s)
Enfermedades Cardiovasculares/etiología , Esclerodermia Sistémica/complicaciones , Adolescente , Adulto , Anciano , Arritmias Cardíacas/etiología , Cardiomiopatías/etiología , Niño , Ecocardiografía Doppler , Electrocardiografía , Femenino , Humanos , Hipertensión/etiología , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Pericarditis/etiología , Estudios ProspectivosRESUMEN
The authors report the results of a transverse prospective study of 80 normal women, divided into 4 groups of 20: control group, 1st trimester of pregnancy, 2nd trimester of pregnancy, 3rd trimester of pregnancy. These groups were comparable in terms of age, height and haemoglobin level. No significant difference was observed in terms of obstetric profile between the various groups of women. The results did not reveal any difference concerning the morphology of cardiac structures, the parameters of left ventricular diastolic filling and the frequency of valvular regurgitation. On the other hand, diameters and cavity volumes, left ventricular mass, left ventricular ejection fraction, and maximal antegrade aortic and pulmonary blood flow rates were higher during pregnancy; these increases were less marked when the measurements were performed in the dorsal supine position compared to those observed in the left lateral supine position.
Asunto(s)
Ecocardiografía , Embarazo/fisiología , Adulto , Estudios Transversales , Ecocardiografía/instrumentación , Ecocardiografía/métodos , Femenino , Humanos , Postura , Primer Trimestre del Embarazo , Segundo Trimestre del Embarazo , Tercer Trimestre del Embarazo , Estudios Prospectivos , Valores de ReferenciaRESUMEN
The authors report the results of a prospective study about echocardiographic parameters of 14 chronic dialyzed patients. Mean age was 44.4 +/- 12 (extremes: 16 and 63). There are 12 men (86%) and 2 women (14%). The main renal disease responsible was nephroangiosclerosis (9 cases, 64.3%). Hypertension is found in all the patients, anemia in 13 (92.8%). The heart, as shown by echocardiography, was concerned in 13 patients (92.8%). The main abnormalities found were: left ventricular hypertrophy (13 cases: 92.8%), left ventricular dysfunction (4 cases: 28.5%), abnormality in left ventricular relaxation (3 cases: 21.4%), pericardial effusion (4 cases: 28.5%).
Asunto(s)
Ecocardiografía , Hipertrofia Ventricular Izquierda/diagnóstico por imagen , Derrame Pericárdico/diagnóstico por imagen , Diálisis Renal , Disfunción Ventricular Izquierda/diagnóstico por imagen , Adolescente , Adulto , Estudios Transversales , Femenino , Enfermedades de las Válvulas Cardíacas/diagnóstico por imagen , Enfermedades de las Válvulas Cardíacas/epidemiología , Enfermedades de las Válvulas Cardíacas/etiología , Humanos , Hipertensión/complicaciones , Hipertensión/epidemiología , Hipertrofia Ventricular Izquierda/epidemiología , Hipertrofia Ventricular Izquierda/etiología , Fallo Renal Crónico/complicaciones , Fallo Renal Crónico/terapia , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Derrame Pericárdico/epidemiología , Derrame Pericárdico/etiología , Estudios Prospectivos , Senegal/epidemiología , Disfunción Ventricular Izquierda/epidemiología , Disfunción Ventricular Izquierda/etiologíaRESUMEN
The use of beta blockers during treatment of mitral stenosis is discussed on four cases involving females patients who are symptomatic. All had sinusal tachycardia, one was pregnant, one with cardiothyreosis, two with anemia. In all cases, it's the use of beta-blockers with diuretic, veinous vasodilator and digitalic drugs that allowed the successful treatment of the pulmonary oedema. These observations, added with the literature study, showed that beta-blockers treatment is wise when the subject is carefully studied. The best result is obtained on pure mitral stenosis without left ventricular systolic dysfunction, with sinusal tachycardia and high cardiac output state.
Asunto(s)
Antagonistas Adrenérgicos beta/uso terapéutico , Antiarrítmicos/uso terapéutico , Estenosis de la Válvula Mitral/tratamiento farmacológico , Adulto , Anemia/complicaciones , Glicósidos Digitálicos/uso terapéutico , Diuréticos/uso terapéutico , Quimioterapia Combinada , Femenino , Furosemida/uso terapéutico , Enfermedad de Graves/complicaciones , Humanos , Estenosis de la Válvula Mitral/complicaciones , Nitroglicerina , Oxígeno/uso terapéutico , Embarazo , Complicaciones Cardiovasculares del Embarazo/tratamiento farmacológico , Propranolol/uso terapéutico , Edema Pulmonar/tratamiento farmacológico , Edema Pulmonar/etiología , Cardiopatía Reumática/complicaciones , Cardiopatía Reumática/tratamiento farmacológico , Taquicardia Sinusal/tratamiento farmacológico , Taquicardia Sinusal/etiología , Vasodilatadores/uso terapéuticoRESUMEN
Authors report the results of a prospective study in a sample of the district of Thiadiaye, a rural area in Senegal. They studied blood pressure, body mass index and waist-to-hip ratio of 329 adults. The mean systolic blood pressure is 123 +/- 24.3 mm Hg and the mean diastolic blood pressure is 71.7 +/- 13.2 mm Hg. There is a positive correlation between blood pressure and age (p < 10(-9)). The prevalence of hypertension is 20.18% and one can note a female predominance (21% for women versus 18% for men). The mean body mass index is 21.1 +/- 10.6. There is no correlation between corpulence and age. Conversely, the body mass index is higher in female in all age groups (p < 10(-7)). The prevalence of obesity is 5%. Abdominal fat distribution is 41.6%: 64% for women and 9.7% for men (p = 0.003).
Asunto(s)
Hipertensión/epidemiología , Tejido Adiposo/anatomía & histología , Adulto , Factores de Edad , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Antropometría , Presión Sanguínea , Constitución Corporal , Índice de Masa Corporal , Comorbilidad , Estudios Transversales , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Obesidad/epidemiología , Prevalencia , Estudios Prospectivos , Valores de Referencia , Factores de Riesgo , Población Rural , Senegal/epidemiologíaRESUMEN
Between Feb. 1992 and Aug. 1995 during a prospective study Tetralogy of Fallot (TF) has been diagnosed in 34 children among 207 with congenital heart disease (CHD). Our purpose is to assess prevalence of TF among CHD, to analyse clinical and paraclinical aspects in patients with TF and to point out associated abnormalities in that disease. In all patients diagnosis was made by echocardiography-Doppler (ATL MK 600). In our patients with CHD, TF represent the third abnormality encountered accounting for 16.49% after ventricular septal defect (30.9%) and persistent ductus arteriosus (18.8%). Mean age of patients with TF is 8.36 years. History showed cardiopathy in the family of one patient. The brother had persistent ductus arteriosus. In our patients with TF, clubbing is present in 70.58% of the cases, cyanosis in 79.41% and squatting in 76.47%. Anoxic spells are present in six patients. On chest x-ray mean cardio-thoracic ratio is 0.57 +/- 0.076. On ECG mean QRS axis is +121 +/- 22.91 degrees. In one patient with Cornélia Delange syndrome TF is associated with complete endocardial cushion defect. Mean follow-up is 332,42 days. Endocarditis on the pulmonary valves is present in one case. Four patients died after complications. Because of poor clinical tolerance and complications, surgery is indicated for all our patients. Only 7 patients underwent surgery. Two of them were operated in Dakar. There was two postoperative complications, one patient had brain abscess which necessitate reoperation, and the other had hypertension in the right ventricle and atrial right to left shunt. Our study shows that TF is an important nosologic group. In our country this frequent malformation have a poor prognosis in the majority of cases because late detection and frequent complications. Because palliative surgery for TF is now available in Senegal prognosis of the patients is going to improve. Future Development of open heart surgery will offer a corrective approach for patients with TF in Senegal.
Asunto(s)
Tetralogía de Fallot/epidemiología , Anemia/etiología , Cateterismo Cardíaco , Causas de Muerte , Niño , Preescolar , Ecocardiografía , Electrocardiografía , Femenino , Cardiopatías Congénitas/epidemiología , Humanos , Lactante , Masculino , Prevalencia , Pronóstico , Estudios Prospectivos , Senegal , Tetralogía de Fallot/complicaciones , Tetralogía de Fallot/diagnóstico por imagen , Tetralogía de Fallot/patología , Tetralogía de Fallot/cirugíaRESUMEN
We report a first documented case in Senegal with simple transposition of the great arteries diagnosed in a 2 months old girl treated by Rashkind atrioseptostomy. Our patient benefited from clinical examination, ECG (15 derivations), chest X ray and standard laboratory tests. Pulsed-Doppler, two dimensional and TM echocardiography have been performed with an ATL MK 600 echocardiograph. Cardiac catheterism, angiocardiography and Rashkind procedure have been realized in our Department. These data are discussed and compared to the literature. At admission this patient presents with major cyanosis and polypnea. At examination, there is a 3/6 murmur at the left sternal border and a subclavicular continuous murmur. Laboratory tests showed metabolic acidosis and severe hypoxemia. Chest x-ray showed a cardio-thoracic ratio at 0.64 with increased pulmonary vascular markings. ECG showed right ventricular hypertrophy. Echocardiography-Doppler revealed ventriculo-arterial discordance with restrictive atrial septal defect and persistent ductus arteriosus. Rashkind procedure was followed by an increased aortic saturation. After 6 weeks there was an improvement of cyanosis and cardiac failure. Diagnosis of transposition of the great arteries is actually easier with development of ultrasonography which is useful when performed by experienced cardiologist. Spontaneous prognosis of this malformation is very poor. Rashkind atrioseptostomy is an important step for the initial treatment of transposition of the great arteries in terms of survival before open heart surgery.
Asunto(s)
Cateterismo , Transposición de los Grandes Vasos/diagnóstico , Cateterismo Cardíaco , Cianosis/etiología , Ecocardiografía , Electrocardiografía , Femenino , Humanos , Lactante , Transposición de los Grandes Vasos/diagnóstico por imagen , Transposición de los Grandes Vasos/cirugía , Transposición de los Grandes Vasos/terapia , Disfunción Ventricular Derecha/etiología , Disfunción Ventricular Derecha/terapiaRESUMEN
The objective of this study is to describe the electrocardiographic signs associated with certain chest deformities. This is a prospective, case-control study comparing 20 black subjects with chest deformity (11 cases of flat back syndrome, 5 cases of pigeon chest, 4 cases of funnel chest) with 20 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. Cardiac duplex ultrasound was performed for each individual to exclude associated heart disease. Atypical electrocardiographic signs were observed in 15 subjects with chest deformity versus only 3 in the control group. The anomalies observed consisted of signs of atrial or ventricular hypetrophy, right branch block, abnormalities of repolarization on the T wave or ST segment. Chest deformities are therefore associated with several electrical signs simulating most cardiac diseases. A good knowledge of these modifications should help to avoid the numerous diagnostic traps associated with these signs.
Asunto(s)
Electrocardiografía , Tórax/anomalías , Adolescente , Adulto , Población Negra , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Niño , Preescolar , Ecocardiografía Doppler , Femenino , Tórax en Embudo/diagnóstico por imagen , Tórax en Embudo/fisiopatología , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estudios ProspectivosRESUMEN
We report a case with ruptured aneurysm of the sinus of Valsava into the right ventricle, diagnosed during heart failure in a 22 years old patient. Etiology and prognosis based on our observation and the literature are discussed. Our patient benefited from clinical examination, ECG (15 derivations), pulmonary X ray and standard laboratory test. Pulsed-Doppler and contrast echocardiography have been realized with an ATL MK 600 echocardiograph. These data are discussed and compared to the literature. Cardiac examination revealed a continuous murmur predominantly diastolic 5/6 and an increase of peripheral artery pulsatility. Chest x-ray showed cardiomegaly and ECG bilateral atrial and left ventricular hypertrophy. Two-dimensional echocardiography revealed the diastolic prolapse of an aneurysmal right coronary sinus in the right ventricle. The rupture was confirmed by contrast echocardiography and pulsed-Doppler. Rupture which is a major complication of aneurysm of the sinus of Valsava, is the usual feature of detection. The consequences of rupture are heart failure and pulmonary edema. Our observation shows that conventional Doppler and contrast echocardiography are important for diagnosis and follow-up of aneurysm of the sinus of Valsava. Aortography, hemodynamic and angiocardiographic data, are also important for a precise diagnosis and the detection of associated malformations when pre-operative investigations of aneurysm of the sinus of valsava are needed.
Asunto(s)
Rotura de la Aorta/diagnóstico , Rotura de la Aorta/etiología , Ventrículos Cardíacos , Seno Aórtico , Adulto , Rotura de la Aorta/cirugía , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Ecocardiografía Doppler , Electrocardiografía , Insuficiencia Cardíaca/etiología , Humanos , MasculinoRESUMEN
In Senegal, congenital heart diseases (CHD) raise important issues. Their late detection makes more complicated the non yet resolved issue of the medico-surgical care. 108 patients with congenital heart diseases have been studied prospectively from February 1992 to May 1994. Epidemiological, clinical, paraclinical data are analysed. Prognosis and treatment are discussed. Congenital heart diseases represent 1% of the outpatient cardiovascular pathology. Diagnosis of the malformation based on echocardiography shows that most of congenital heart diseases are ventricular septal defect (25%); followed by Tetralogy of Fallot (13%). Average age of the patients is 6.86 years. 31% of the cases have heart failure. ECG is abnormal in 103 patients. On the radiologic side, average cardio-thoracic ration is 0.61. Because of heart failure, pulmonary hypertension and hypoxia, the spontaneous prognosis is cautious in 71 patients (66%) who should receive surgical treatment. Among them, 5 patients non operated died and 10 (14%) have been operated. Among the 10 patients who got surgery, 3 with wide persistent ductus arteriosus got in Dakar. All these patients have excellent operative results. In Senegal, only close heart surgery is available and prognosis of the vast majority of patients, including those with valvular and coronary heart diseases, is very cautious. Intervention of Europe-based aid organizations for evacuation is not useful. It is very important to promote, in Senegal, open heart surgery.
Asunto(s)
Cardiopatías Congénitas/cirugía , Adolescente , Adulto , Distribución por Edad , Niño , Preescolar , Femenino , Cardiopatías Congénitas/complicaciones , Cardiopatías Congénitas/diagnóstico , Humanos , Lactante , Recién Nacido , Masculino , Selección de Paciente , Pronóstico , Estudios Prospectivos , Senegal , Distribución por Sexo , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
INTRODUCTION: We present a case history of a 39 years old woman with parieto-apical left ventricle aneurysm of unknown etiology. The etiologies are being discussed in the light of our case and literature review. METHODS: We have analysed clinical data, 12 leads ECG recording, chest X-ray and biological data of our patient. We have used an ATL MK 600 for echo-Doppler examination. Coronaro-ventriculography has not been performed. The results are compared with data from the relevant literature. RESULTS: Our patient presents at admission tachycardia (150 beat per min) and congestive heart failure. ECG recording showed a sustained tachycardia with large QRS complex (140 msec). At oesophageal ECG recording, atrio-ventricular dissociation was present confirming ventricular tachycardia. The tachycardia has been stopped by lidocaine and amiodarone IV. Chest X-ray shows cardiomegaly (cardio-thoracic index: 0.70) and a protruding left cardiac border. At echocardiographic examination a left dyskinetic anterior and apical aneurysm of the left ventricle has been documented. Surgical repair has not been performed because of the large aneurysm and the reduced function of the non aneurysmal contractile zones. CONCLUSION: In our case, myocardial infarction was not evident, regarding history and examinations. In the etiologic discussion of left ventricle aneurysms, coronaro-ventriculography must be performed. Dilated cardiomyopathy complicated by left ventricle aneurysm can be postulated in our patient.
Asunto(s)
Cardiomiopatía Dilatada/complicaciones , Aneurisma Cardíaco/complicaciones , Taquicardia Ventricular/etiología , Adulto , Cardiomiopatía Dilatada/diagnóstico por imagen , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Ecocardiografía , Electrocardiografía , Femenino , Aneurisma Cardíaco/diagnóstico por imagen , Insuficiencia Cardíaca/tratamiento farmacológico , Insuficiencia Cardíaca/etiología , Ventrículos Cardíacos , Humanos , RadiografíaRESUMEN
The authors report the results of a bunch of studies about hypertension in Senegal: a retrospective study concerning 868 patients in the cardiologic center; a prospective study on 2329 subjects in Pikine, a Dakar Suburb; a study led near 121 physicians about their dealing with hypertension problems. Hypertension is the second reason of hospitalization in cardiology just after the rheumatic cardiopathy. The mortality rate is 6.35%. The hypertension frequency in the suburb is 10.43% (certified hypertension) and 25.03% (borderline to certified). The same frequency is found between males and females patients. This frequency grows with the body mass index and age. Many problems occur concerning the treatment: lack of proper following (39%), failure of the therapy (39%), inappropriate reduction of physical activities (82.5%), strict ban of any salt intake for mild to moderate hypertension (13.18%).
Asunto(s)
Hipertensión/epidemiología , Adulto , Anciano , Enfermedades Cardiovasculares/epidemiología , Enfermedades Cardiovasculares/etiología , Comorbilidad , Países en Desarrollo/economía , Diabetes Mellitus/epidemiología , Dieta Hiposódica , Femenino , Hospitalización/estadística & datos numéricos , Humanos , Hipercolesterolemia/epidemiología , Hipertensión/complicaciones , Hipertensión/dietoterapia , Hipertensión/economía , Fallo Renal Crónico/epidemiología , Fallo Renal Crónico/etiología , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Obesidad/epidemiología , Cooperación del Paciente , Prevalencia , Estudios Prospectivos , Descanso , Estudios Retrospectivos , Factores de Riesgo , Senegal/epidemiología , Población SuburbanaRESUMEN
We reported four cases of Takayasu's arteritis cases. Hypertension in only one arm was found in three of them. The other one were a reversed coarctation of the aorta. Diagnosis was made by clinical examination, vascular Doppler Echography, and, in one case, arteriography. Thus, were examined the etiology of this disease, it might probably due to tuberculosis, the outcome and therapy problems at the occlusive stage.