RESUMEN
The outcomes for five patients with retinoblastoma and constitutional chromosomal abnormalities involving the long arm of chromosome 13 are reported. All patients demonstrated developmental delay and mental retardation. Four of these patients are alive 23, 21, 15, and 1 year from diagnosis; one died of pneumonia with septicemia. Each of the four survivors has, with aging, shown hypotonia, mutism, contractures, and inability to function independently.
Asunto(s)
Anomalías Múltiples/genética , Aberraciones Cromosómicas/genética , Cromosomas Humanos Par 13/ultraestructura , Neoplasias del Ojo/epidemiología , Genes de Retinoblastoma , Discapacidad Intelectual/genética , Retinoblastoma/epidemiología , Trastornos de los Cromosomas , Neoplasias del Ojo/genética , Neoplasias del Ojo/terapia , Femenino , Trastornos del Crecimiento/genética , Humanos , Lactante , Recién Nacido , Masculino , Neoplasias Primarias Múltiples/genética , Pronóstico , Retinoblastoma/genética , Retinoblastoma/terapia , Sobrevivientes , Tennessee/epidemiologíaRESUMEN
This study was undertaken to investigate the severity of night time asthma in children in hospital recovering from an acute attack of asthma. Twenty two children aged 5-14 years were studied. Coughing 'epochs' overnight varied from one to 156 (median 39.5) and mean overnight arterial oxygen saturation (Sao2) from 82 to 98% (mean 91.3). Log values for cough showed a correlation with Sao2. An Sao2 of less than 90% was invariably associated with coughing but Sao2 above 95% did not preclude cough. Peak flow measured in the morning or evening correlated with Sao2 but not with log cough, and clinical examination scores showed no correlation with overnight measurements. Night time Sao2 correlated better with daytime tests of lung function than log cough. In general, night time indices of severity reflected daytime pulmonary function status but night cough was sometimes prominent in less severely affected cases. At the time of discharge, clinical indices of severity underestimated the degree of functional impairment at night.
Asunto(s)
Asma/fisiopatología , Enfermedad Aguda , Adolescente , Asma/sangre , Niño , Preescolar , Ritmo Circadiano , Tos/fisiopatología , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Oxígeno/sangre , Ápice del Flujo Espiratorio/fisiología , Pruebas de Función Respiratoria , Sueño/fisiologíaRESUMEN
The time course of changes in the physical properties of both the uterine and vaginal portions of the cervix were studied during the last two thirds (days 40 to approximately 115) of pregnancy in the gilt. To obtain insight concerning the hormonal control of these physical changes, serum levels of relaxin, estrone, 17 beta-estradiol, and progesterone were also determined. Throughout midpregnancy, the extensibility (softness), lumen diameter, and wet weight of the uterine portion of the cervix were less than those of the vaginal portion of the cervix. After day 80, marked and sustained increases in these three physical parameters occurred in the uterine portion of the cervix whereas slight (extensibility) or moderate (lumen diameter and wet weight) increases occurred in the vaginal portion of the cervix. By day 110, extensibility, lumen diameter, and wet weight of the uterine portion of the cervix were similar to those of the vaginal portion of the cervix. Because the uterine portion of the cervix has a relatively firm consistency and small lumen throughout most of pregnancy, we conclude that it probably plays a more important role than the vaginal portion of the cervix in protecting the uterus and its contents during pregnancy. The marked changes in the physical properties of the uterine portion of the cervix are temporally correlated with elevated serum estrogen levels (days 80-100) or estrogen and relaxin levels (day 100 to term). We conclude that estrogen or, more likely, estrogen and relaxin in combination may promote the modifications in the physical properties of the cervix that occur during the last 35 days of gestation.
