RESUMEN
The purpose of this study was to examine the relationships between university students' respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) profiles and both retrospective and momentary ratings of stress. Participants were undergraduate students enrolled in an introductory health science course (N = 64). Participants provided RSA data at rest (tonic) and following an orthostatic challenge (phasic), completed the 10-item Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), and completed 6 daily ecological momentary assessments (EMA) of stress for 1 week. Higher tonic RSA was associated with lower perceived stress assessed via PSS and average EMA responses. Those with higher tonic RSA did not differ in their experience of stress across the week, whereas those with lower tonic RSA experienced increased stress across the week, and these trajectories varied as a function of phasic responses. These findings suggest a need for greater emphasis on behavioral strategies for maintaining and enhancing autonomic nervous system health among college students.
Asunto(s)
Arritmia Sinusal Respiratoria/fisiología , Estrés Psicológico/epidemiología , Estudiantes/psicología , Sistema Nervioso Autónomo , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Estudios Retrospectivos , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
This study examined the effect of HIV on visceromotor (i.e., heart rate and heart rate variability) and somatomotor (i.e., auditory processing and affect recognition) components of a Social Engagement System defined by the Polyvagal Theory (Porges, 1995) that links vagal regulation of the heart with brainstem regulation of the striated muscles of the face and head. Relative to at risk HIV-seronegative women, HIV-seropositive women had less heart rate variability (i.e., respiratory sinus arrhythmia) and had poorer performance on auditory processing and affect recognition tasks. CD4 was negatively correlated with the accuracy to detect specific emotions. The observed indices of atypical autonomic and behavioral regulation may contribute to greater difficulties in social behavior and social communication between HIV-infected women and other individuals in their social network.
Asunto(s)
Vías Auditivas/fisiopatología , Sistema Nervioso Autónomo/fisiopatología , Infecciones por VIH/complicaciones , Trastornos de la Memoria/etiología , Reconocimiento en Psicología/fisiología , Adulto , Análisis de Varianza , Arritmia Sinusal/etiología , Trastornos del Conocimiento/etiología , Femenino , Frecuencia Cardíaca/fisiología , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Pruebas Neuropsicológicas , Tiempo de Reacción , Respiración , Estudios Retrospectivos , Estadística como Asunto , Vocabulario , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
Congenital sinus of Valsalva aneurysm is an uncommon lesion that frequently presents after rupture in adult life. This report describes a patient with a left sinus of Valsalva aneurysm that ruptured into the main pulmonary artery, a previously unreported anatomic variant. Anatomic and clinical features of previously reported cases of ruptured sinus of Valsalva aneurysm are reviewed.
Asunto(s)
Rotura de la Aorta/diagnóstico por imagen , Arteria Pulmonar , Seno Aórtico , Adulto , Rotura de la Aorta/cirugía , Insuficiencia de la Válvula Aórtica/diagnóstico por imagen , Insuficiencia de la Válvula Aórtica/cirugía , Cateterismo Cardíaco , Femenino , Humanos , Arteria Pulmonar/diagnóstico por imagen , Radiografía , Seno Aórtico/diagnóstico por imagen , Seno Aórtico/cirugíaRESUMEN
Mithramycin given as a single dose for the treatment of hypercalcemia has not been reported to cause renal dysfunction. A case is presented of nephrotoxicity following a single 25 micrograms/kg dose in a patient with underlying squamous cell carcinoma, obstructive uropathy, and hypercalcemia. Underlying renal impairment may magnify the nephrotoxicity of mithramycin.
