Single dose pefloxacin compared with multiple dose co-trimoxazole in cystitis.

In a double-blind multicentre study the efficacy and safety of a single-dose treatment with pefloxacin (800 mg) was compared with a five-day treatment regimen of 960 mg co-trimoxazole twice daily in the therapy of acute uncomplicated cystitis in women. In order to maintain blindness, patients in the pefloxacin group received placebo to complement the full number of tablets. Nine centres were involved; 155 patients received pefloxacin and 161 patients received co-trimoxazole. Of these, 140 patients treated with pefloxacin and 145 with co-trimoxazole were considered valid for efficacy and safety analysis. At the first follow-up, after seven to ten days, 97.1% of the pefloxacin group and 95.2% of the co-trimoxazole group were bacteriologically cured. At the second follow-up visit, after 28 to 42 days, the urine culture was negative in 95.0% of the pefloxacin group and 90.3% of the co-trimoxazole group. A single dose of 800 mg pefloxacin was demonstrated to be as safe and at least as effective as a five-day regimen of co-trimoxazole in the treatment of uncomplicated cystitis.

[Para-ureteric cyst. A rare complication of abdominal surgery (author's transl)]. / Die paraureterale Pseudozyste. Eine seltene Komplikation der Bauchchirurgie

A para-ureteric pseudo-cyst of the middle third of the ureter was observed following a sympathectomy. Originally it was diagnosed as a renal tumour. The findings are described and the pathogenesis, symptomatology and diagnosis are discussed.

[Urogenital myiasis with Fannia scalaris]. / Urogenital-Myiasis durch Fannia scalaris

A 15-year-old boy excreted a fly larva in his urine. It constituted the third larval state of the fly Fannia scalaris. Microhaematuria, mild albuminuria and leucocyturia ceased after the parasite had been passed.

Comparative pharmacokinetics and clinical experience with a new cephalosporin-derivative: cefazolin.

In a cross-over study in 12 normal individuals, the pharmacokinetic parameters of cefalotin, cefradine and cefazolin were determined after intravenous injection of 1,000 mg of each substance. The microbiological activities in urine and serum were determined using the agar diffusion test; the pharmacokinetic data were calculated by a computer system on the basis of a Fortran programme. Cefazolin has significantly higher serum concentrations than the other two cephalosporins, distinctly longer serum half-lives, higher protein binding, and smaller apparent volumina of distribution. In 36 inpatients with mainly chronical and acute infections of the urinary tract, we tested the antibacterial effectivity, the compatibility, and the application modalities of cefazolin. In 29 patients we had a satisfactory clinical result, in 25 cases we achieved the elimination of bacteria by the end of the therapy. The compatibility of cefazolin was good; apart from a minor, reversible, liver-specific increase in enzymes in 6 patients, no side effects could be detected.