Asunto(s)
Antineoplásicos/uso terapéutico , Carcinoma Basocelular/tratamiento farmacológico , Proteínas Hedgehog/antagonistas & inhibidores , Neoplasias Cutáneas/tratamiento farmacológico , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Anilidas/farmacología , Anilidas/uso terapéutico , Antineoplásicos/farmacología , Compuestos de Bifenilo/farmacología , Compuestos de Bifenilo/uso terapéutico , Carcinoma Basocelular/mortalidad , Carcinoma Basocelular/patología , Femenino , Estudios de Seguimiento , Proteínas Hedgehog/metabolismo , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Supervivencia sin Progresión , Piridinas/farmacología , Piridinas/uso terapéutico , Estudios Retrospectivos , Transducción de Señal/efectos de los fármacos , Neoplasias Cutáneas/mortalidad , Neoplasias Cutáneas/patologíaAsunto(s)
Adenocarcinoma/tratamiento farmacológico , Antineoplásicos/efectos adversos , Neoplasias Óseas/tratamiento farmacológico , Rellenos Dérmicos/efectos adversos , Edema/inducido químicamente , Granuloma de Cuerpo Extraño/inducido químicamente , Ácido Hialurónico/efectos adversos , Neoplasias Primarias Desconocidas/tratamiento farmacológico , Quinolinas/efectos adversos , Neoplasias Cutáneas/tratamiento farmacológico , Adenocarcinoma/secundario , Neoplasias Óseas/secundario , Cara , Femenino , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Neoplasias Primarias Desconocidas/patología , Proteínas Tirosina Quinasas/antagonistas & inhibidores , Neoplasias Cutáneas/secundarioRESUMEN
Glandular and pseudoglandular tumors of the penile skin are extremely uncommon and can present diagnostic challenges. Primary adenosquamous carcinoma of the penis is an extremely rare tumor, composed of distinct areas of malignant squamous and glandular cells, making it a diagnostically challenging entity. The World Health Organization (WHO) recognizes several subtypes of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), each with its own distinctive pathologic appearance, clinical associations and prognosis. Among these variants is the exceedingly uncommon adenosquamous carcinoma (ASC), representing 1%-2% of all SCC of the penis. Recent large studies have interrogated the presence of human papillomavirus (HPV) in malignant penile tumors and have shown specific morphologic patterns and clinical presentations to associate with HPV status. However, given the rarity of the adenosquamous variant of SCC, it has largely been excluded from these studies. The glandular components of these lesions can present a confusing appearance, particularly when a large tumor is represented on a small biopsy. Here we describe a difficult histologic presentation of this rare tumor, with the first published characterization of the HPV status of this subtype. This case represents a distinctly unusual case of metastatic HPV-positive primary cutaneous adenosquamous carcinoma of the penis.
Asunto(s)
Carcinoma Adenoescamoso/patología , Carcinoma Adenoescamoso/virología , Infecciones por Papillomavirus/complicaciones , Neoplasias del Pene/patología , Neoplasias del Pene/virología , Adulto , Biomarcadores de Tumor/análisis , Humanos , Inmunohistoquímica , Masculino , Papillomaviridae , Neoplasias Cutáneas/patología , Neoplasias Cutáneas/virologíaRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Laser ablation is an alternative, nonsurgical treatment modality for low-risk basal cell carcinoma (BCC). However, lack of confirmative tumour destruction or residual tumour presence has been a limiting factor to its adoption. Reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) provides noninvasive, cellular-level resolution imaging of the skin and is capable of identifying tumour. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the use of RCM to guide carbon dioxide (CO2 ) laser ablation of BCC, confirm destruction and correlate findings with histology. METHODS: RCM was used preablation to evaluate for features of BCC. Ablation was performed with a CO2 laser, and the response rapidly assessed using handheld RCM to evaluate for residual tumour. Confirmative pathology was used to verify confocal imaging. RESULTS: Preablation RCM imaging identified tumour with features not identified on normal, surrounding skin. Postablation, RCM documented complete removal of tumour in six cases and residual tumour in two. Histological examination identified the ablated area and confirmed clearance of tumour in the six aforementioned cases and corroborated confocal findings for residual tumour in the other two cases. CONCLUSIONS: We report successful treatment of superficial and nodular BCC using CO2 laser ablation augmented by RCM imaging for preablation guidance and verification of tumour removal postablation. Akin to complete circumferential and deep margin control techniques, using RCM helps to map peripheral and deep BCC margins to hone in on areas exhibiting persistent tumour after ablation. CO2 laser ablation visually guided by RCM can help circumvent previously cited limiting factors of laser ablation for tumour destruction by providing cellular-level resolution imaging of tumour and margin assessment in between each laser pass and postablation.