Effect of concomitant tricuspid annuloplasty on postoperative wound complications in heart failure patients undergoing mitral valve repair.

Tricuspid valve repair (TVR) combined with mitral valve surgery (MVS) has been a controversial issue. It is not clear whether the combined surgery has any influence on the occurrence of postoperative complications. The aim of this study was to compare the occurrence of complications including wound infection, wound bleeding, and mortality after MVS combined with or without TVR. By meta-analysis, a total of 1576 papers were collected from 3 databases, and 7 of them were included. We provided the necessary data of 7 included studies such as the authors, publication date, country, surgical approach and case number, patient age, and so on. Statistical analysis was carried out with RevMan 5.3 software. We found that patients with heart failure accepting MVS combined with or without TVR, performed no statistically significant difference in postoperative wound infection (OR: 0.88; 95% CI: 0.29, 2.62; P = 0.81), wound bleeding (OR: 0.74; 95% CI: 0.3, 1.48; P = 0.39), and mortality (OR: 1.05; 95% CI: 0.42, 2.61; P = 0.92). In conclusion, current evidence indicated that the combined surgery had no additional risk of postoperative complications, and might be an effective alternative surgical approach to mitral valve diseases accompany with tricuspid regurgitation. However, for the limited case size, it was required to support the findings with a large number of cases in further studies.

[The protective effect of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells carrying antioxidant gene superoxide dismutase on paraquat lung injury in mice].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the possible mechanism and protective effect of BMSCs (bone mesenchymal stem cells) carrying superoxide dismutase (SOD) gene on mice with paraquat-induced acute lung injury. METHODS: To establish the cell line of BMSCs bringing SOD gene, lentiviral vector bringing SOD gene was built and co-cultured with BMSCs. A total of 100 BALB/c mice were randomly divided into five groups, namely Control group, poisoning group (PQ group) , BMSCs therapy group (BMSC group) , BMSCs-Cherry therapy group (BMSC-Cherry group) , BMSCs-SOD therapy group (BMSC-SOD group) . PQ poisoning model was produced by stomach lavaged once with 1 ml of 25 mg/kg PQ solution, and the equal volume of normal saline (NS) was given to Control group mice instead of PQ. The corresponding BMSCs therapy cell lines were delivered to mice through the tail vein of mice 4h after PQ treatment.Five mice of each group were sacrificed 3 d, 7 d, 14 d and 21 days after corresponding BMSCs therapy cell lines administration, and lung tissues of mice were taken to make sections for histological analysis. The serum levels of glutathione (GSH) , malondialdehyde (MDA) , SOD, and the levels of transforming growth factor-ß (TGF-ß) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in lung tissue were determined. The level of SOD was assayed by Westen-blot. RESULTS: Compared with Control group, the early (3 days) levels of SOD protein in lung tissue of PQ group obviously decreased, and the late (21 days) levels of SOD obviously increased, while in therapy groups, that was higher than that in PQ group, and the BMSCs-SOD group showed most obvious (all P<0.05) . Compared with Control group, the levels of plasma GSH and SOD of PQ group and each therapy group wae significantly lower than those in Control group, while in therapy groups, those were higher than those of PQ group, and the BMSCs-SOD group showed most obvious (all P<0.05) .Compared with Control group, the level of plasma MDA, TNF-α and TGF-ß in PQ group and therapy groups were significantly higher, while in therapy groups, that was lower than that in PQ group, and the BMSCs-SOD group showed most obvious (all P<0.05) . Lung biopsy showed that, the degree of lung tissue damage in each therapy group obviously reduced. CONCLUSION: SOD is the key factor of the removal of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in cells, that can obviously inhibit the oxidative stress damage and the apoptosis induced by PQ, thus significantly increasing alveolar epithelial cell ability to fight outside harmful environment.

[Effect of PON1 overexpression on mouse diaphragmatic muscle cells injury caused by acute dichlorvos poisoning].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of paraoxonase1 (PON1) overexpression on mouse diaphragmatic muscle cells injury caused by acute dichlorvos poisoning. METHODS: Mouse diaphragmatic muscle cells were cultured routinely and infected with overexpression lentivirus. Cells were divided into normal control group, DDVP group, LV-GFP + DDVP group, LV-PON1 + DDVP group. Cell viability was determined by CCK-8 assay. Flow cytometry was used to detect cell apoptosis. The mRNA and protein expression of PON1 and Nrf2 in mouse diaphragmatic muscle cells was measured by RT-PCR and Western blot. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to determine levels of acetyl cholinesterase (AchE), heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) and quinone oxidoreductase-1 (NQO-1) in mouse diaphragmatic muscle cells. The activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) as well as malondialdehyde (MDA) content in cells was measured by chemical colorimetry. RESULTS: After induced by 0, 80, 160, 320, 640 µmol/L DDVP for 24 hours, the viability of mouse diaphragmatic muscle cells was (100 ± 3.82)%, (82.13 ± 2.60)%, (53.57 ± 5.05)%, (30.77 ± 3.30)%, (14.20 ± 2.19)% respectively, changing in a concentration-dependent manner (P < 0.05). After induced by 160 µmol/L DDVP for 0, 6, 12, 24 hours, the viability of mouse diaphragmatic muscle cells was (100.17 ± 2.74)%, (76.13 ± 6.01)%, (66.53 ± 3.55)%, (53.57 ± 5.05)%, changing in a time-dependent manner (P < 0.05). The PON1 protein level in LV-PON1 group was higher than that of blank control group (0.370 ± 0.015 vs 0.232 ± 0.004, 0.197 ± 0.015 vs 0.037 ± 0.003, P < 0.05). The cell viability of LV-PON1 group is higher than that of DDVP group at different time point after induction of DDVP (P < 0.05). After induced by DDVP for 24 hours, the cell apoptosis rate and MDA content in LV-PON1 group were lower than those of DDVP group (P < 0.05). While levels of AchE, PON1 and Nrf2 protein expression, SOD and CAT, HO-1 and NQO-1 were higher than those of DDVP group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The overexpression of PON1 could effectively alleviate AchE inhibition by DDVP and induce Nrf2 expression to exert antioxidant effect, thus protected the mouse diaphragmatic muscle cells.

Multi-responsive supramolecular organogel with a crystalline-like structure.

A multi-responsive cyclodextrin-based organogel with a crystalline-like structure is first reported. An amount of ß-cyclodextrin (ß-CD) and lithium chloride (LiCl) was added into N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF), and the system obtained could transform instantly from a transparent solution into a gel state by introducing ethylene diamine (EDA), and then the gel could turn into another precipitate-like gel by undergoing a heating-cooling process. Among a series of aliphatic amines, only EDA was found to be able to induce the gel formation. Both the gels possess crystalline-like structures in their morphology with sheet-like layers, in a highly-ordered channel-type packing mode, which were proved by OM, SEM, XRD, and FT-IR measurements. Furthermore, the gel could respond to H(+) and Cu(2+) by transforming into an amorphous precipitate. This research may pave the way for the design of novel smart materials.

Novel double phase transforming organogel based on ß-cyclodextrin in 1,2-propylene glycol.

This paper describes a novel double phase transforming organogel (gel-sol-gel') composed of nontoxic ß-cyclodextrin, potassium carbonate, and 1,2-propylene glycol. The gel-sol-gel' transforming processes are followed by a reversible gel-sol transforming process and an irreversible sol-gel' transforming process based on heating. The gel-sol-gel' transformation is accompanied by microstructure changes from nanospheres to nanorods. K(2)CO(3) plays a key role in associating supramolecular architectures of ß-cyclodextrin into a three-dimensional network. This work may bring further applications in the areas of smart materials, drug delivery systems, and biomaterials.