S-Scheme Porphyrin Covalent Organic Framework Heterojunction for Boosted Photoelectrochemical Immunoassays in Myocardial Infarction Diagnosis.

Cardiac troponin I (cTnI) is an extremely sensitive biomarker for early indication of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). However, it still remains a tough challenge for many newly developed cTnI biosensors to achieve superior sensing performance including high sensitivity, rapid detection, and resistance to interference in clinical serum samples. Herein, a novel photocathodic immunosensor toward cTnI sensing has been successfully developed by designing a unique S-scheme heterojunction based on the porphyrin-based covalent organic frameworks (p-COFs) and p-type silicon nanowire arrays (p-SiNWs). In the novel heterojunction, the p-SiNWs are employed as the photocathode platform to acquire a strong photocurrent response. The in situ-grown p-COFs can accelerate the spatial migration rate of charge carriers by forming proper band alignment with the p-SiNWs. The crystalline π-conjugated network of p-COFs with abundant amino groups also promotes the electron transfer and anti-cTnI immobilizing process. The developed photocathodic immunosensor demonstrates a broad detection range of 5 pg/mL-10 ng/mL and a low limit of detection (LOD) of 1.36 pg/mL in clinical serum samples. Besides, the PEC sensor owns several advantages including good stability and superior anti-interference ability. By comparing our results with that of the commercial ELISA method, the relative deviations range from 0.06 to 0.18% (n = 3), and the recovery rates range from 95.4 to 109.5%. This work displays a novel strategy to design efficient and stable PEC sensing platforms for cTnI detection in real-life serums and provides guidance in future clinical diagnosis.

A novel photoelectrochemical sensor based on SiNWs@PDA for efficient detection of myocardial infarction.

Based on the necessity and urgency of cardiac troponin I (cTnI) detection for the diagnosis of myocardial infarction, a novel unlabeled photoelectrochemical (PEC) immunosensor has been developed to detect cTnI rapidly and sensitively. Silicon nanowire arrays (SiNWs) were prepared via metal-assisted chemical etching. To improve the stability and sensitivity towards cTnI sensing, the surface of silicon nanowire arrays were coated with polydopamine by an in situ growth method. PDA was uniformly modified on the nanowire surface to provide a reliable active site for antibody binding. The linear dynamic range of the cTnI detection method was 0.005-10 ng mL-1, and the detection limit was 1.47 pg mL-1. The designed PEC immunosensor exhibited good sensitivity, selectivity, stability and reproducibility. The electrode enabled label-free detection and provided a new route to realize point-of-care testing of cTnI.

The bidirectional effects of obsessive-compulsive symptoms and difficulties in emotion regulation in Chinese adults during the COVID-19 pandemic-a dynamic structural equation model.

BACKGROUND: With the accumulation of negative emotions brought by COVID-19-related dysfunctional beliefs, individuals adopted obsessive-compulsive (OC) symptoms (e.g., over-checking the wearing of masks) and formed difficulties in emotion regulation (DER). This study focused on the temporal dynamics of the bidirectional relation between OC symptoms and DER, which had a devastating effect on the individual's mental health. As an extension, we further explored whether OC and DER and their relationship affect sleep problems. METHODS: In February 2020, a 14-day (twice a day, of 28 measurement intervals) online questionnaire survey was conducted on 122 Chinese adults (aged 18-55 years; 63 females). Subsequently, this research applied a dynamic structural equation model with a cross-lagged relationship and a time series. Health anxiety, anxiety, and depression were controlled as covariates. RESULTS: Both OC symptoms and DER had a significant autoregressive and cross-lagged effect. Comparatively speaking, DER was a stronger predictor of OC symptoms than OC's prediction of DER. Moreover, both higher levels of OC symptoms and DER were related to the severity of sleep problems. CONCLUSIONS: More guidance on intervening in OC symptoms and identifying emotion regulation should be added to reduce the negative impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on public mental health.

The Combination of Curcumin and Salsalate is Superior to Either Agent Alone in Suppressing Pro-Cancerous Molecular Pathways and Colorectal Tumorigenesis in Obese Mice.

SCOPE: High-fat diets (HFDs) and adiposity increase colorectal cancer risk, in part by elevating pro-inflammatory cytokines that activate pro-cancerous signaling pathways. Curcumin (CUR), a dietary polyphenol and salsalate (SAL), an non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) lacking the gastrotoxicity of aspirin, each suppress inflammatory signaling, but via different cellular pathways. METHODS AND RESULTS: A/J mice (n = 110) are fed a low-fat diet (LFD, 10% kcal), a HFD (60% kcal), a HFD containing 0.4% CUR, a HFD containing 0.3% SAL, or a HFD containing both agents (CUR/SAL). All mice receive six injections of azoxymethane. Compared to LFD-fed mice, HFD-fed mice display elevated colonic cytokines, crypt cell proliferation, and increased tumorigenesis (p < 0.05). CUR/SAL significantly reduces colonic cytokines (p < 0.01), suppresses activation of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR/NF-κB/Wnt pathways (p < 0.01), activates AMPK (p < 0.01), attenuates abnormal proliferation of the colonic mucosa (p < 0.05), and reduces tumor multiplicity and burden (p < 0.05), in comparison to the HFD control. In contrast, CUR or SAL alone does not suppress abnormal crypt cell proliferation or tumor multiplicity, and is largely ineffective in modifying activation of these signaling pathways. CONCLUSION: These observations demonstrate the superiority of the CUR/SAL over the individual agents and provide a scientific basis for future translational studies in obese subjects and/or those habitually consuming HFDs.