RESUMEN
The article presents the results of studying of psycho-physiological peculiarities in stomatologists in the age before 65, that is actual in modern medicine. Certain specificity of psycho-physiological indices in stomatologists with essential hypertension is shown. The proposition is justified that alexithimia and susceptibility to illnesses of psychosomatic origin (particularly, essential hypertension) in stomatologists are essentially influenced by withdrawal, absence of inclination to partnership, cooperation, compromise at solution of problems and in conflict situations, and irresponsible attitude to other people, reduced empathy and sympathy to other people.
Asunto(s)
Síntomas Afectivos , Odontólogos/psicología , Hipertensión , Individualidad , Trastornos Psicofisiológicos , Ajuste Social , Síntomas Afectivos/etiología , Síntomas Afectivos/fisiopatología , Conducta Cooperativa , Femenino , Humanos , Hipertensión/etiología , Hipertensión/psicología , Relaciones Interprofesionales , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Trastornos Psicofisiológicos/etiología , Trastornos Psicofisiológicos/fisiopatología , Trastornos Psicofisiológicos/psicología , Sentido de CoherenciaRESUMEN
The article is devoted to consideration of the problem of professional burnout with anaesthetists-experts in resuscitation in various age periods that is very actual in modern medicine. It is shown that peculiarity of the doctors' activity provokes formation of professional burnout in them. Psycho-emotional tension born by the sense of responsibility before the patients determines formation of responsible attitude of the doctors towards therapy, but it also has negative consequences in concern with disorder of homeostatic balance and unreasonable energetic expenditure. It is proved that formation of professional burnout in anaesthetists-experts in resuscitation has age specificity. At the age of 30-55 it develops according to two subfactors: motivational-adjusting (reduction of professional achievements) and depersonalizational-derealizational one. Doctors at the age of 56-68 expose asthenic symptomatology of professional burnout.
Asunto(s)
Anestesiología , Agotamiento Profesional , Cuidados Críticos/psicología , Médicos/psicología , Estrés Fisiológico , Estrés Psicológico/complicaciones , Adulto , Factores de Edad , Anciano , Agotamiento Profesional/etiología , Agotamiento Profesional/fisiopatología , Agotamiento Profesional/psicología , Inteligencia Emocional , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Motivación , Ajuste SocialRESUMEN
The results of mitral valvuloplasty using a balloon catheter were presented for 104 patients with mitral stenosis. Instrumental measurements and clinical symptoms were evaluated before the operation, 6 and 12 months after it (62 and 42 patients, respectively). The balloon dilatation has increased mitral orifice from 120.5 +/- 5.8 to 333.88 +/- 7.45 mm2, transmitral diastolic pressure gradient decreased from 22 +/- 1 to 7.91 +/- 0.6 mm Hg. All the patients benefited clinically: cough, blood spitting, lower limb edemas, protodiastolic murmur disappeared, dyspnea noticeably reduced. NYHA functional class I-II was established in 85% of the patients. The highest effect was achieved in patients with isolated mitral stenosis.
Asunto(s)
Cateterismo , Estenosis de la Válvula Mitral/terapia , Adulto , Diástole , Estudios de Evaluación como Asunto , Estudios de Seguimiento , Humanos , Válvula Mitral/fisiopatología , Estenosis de la Válvula Mitral/fisiopatología , Factores de TiempoRESUMEN
At the division of general therapy N 1 of the Kirov Military Medical Academy a version of automated training system was elaborated for the IBM AT/386 users of MS DOS operational system. The knowledge text control was carried out during the lessons at the display classroom equipped with Wyse-85 terminals ("Wyse Technology Company"), DEC VT 220 regimen, and connected up to PC IBM AT/386 which works in multiterminal function. Application of text control has shown that the volume of knowledge had increased up to 82-90%, but it was right only for the groups where the methodics of classes with application of the results of text controls was strictly adhered. The progress in other groups was less than 68%.
Asunto(s)
Instrucción por Computador , Medicina Interna/educación , Medicina Militar/educación , Instrucción por Computador/instrumentación , Evaluación Educacional , Microcomputadores , Federación de RusiaRESUMEN
The authors propose a new method of treating coronary patients with angina pectoris of effort and at rest. It involves combination of transesophageal pacing with simultaneous intravenous administration of phosphobion. The treatment given to 10 coronary patients produced positive antiischemic and hemodynamic effect against its absence in control subjects treated conventionally with ATP.
Asunto(s)
Adenosina Trifosfato/uso terapéutico , Angina de Pecho/terapia , Estimulación Cardíaca Artificial/métodos , Isquemia Miocárdica/terapia , Angina de Pecho/complicaciones , Estimulación Eléctrica , Esófago , Hemodinámica/efectos de los fármacos , Humanos , Inyecciones Intravenosas , Persona de Mediana Edad , Isquemia Miocárdica/complicaciones , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
A 3-staged algorithm and a device named PKSV-01 were worked out to carry out a pre-doctor screening of servicemen. This method made it possible to define the sound servicemen, as well as patients with cardiovascular diseases including ischemic disease and postinfarctional cardiosclerosis. The specificity came to 91.9-93.9%, and sensitivity up to 81.4-97.8%. The application of lineal discriminative function ensured 93.1% of the right answers.
Asunto(s)
Enfermedades Cardiovasculares/prevención & control , Diagnóstico por Computador/métodos , Tamizaje Masivo/métodos , Personal Militar , Enfermedades Cardiovasculares/diagnóstico , Enfermedades Cardiovasculares/epidemiología , Diagnóstico por Computador/instrumentación , Diagnóstico por Computador/estadística & datos numéricos , Humanos , Tamizaje Masivo/instrumentación , Tamizaje Masivo/estadística & datos numéricos , Personal Militar/estadística & datos numéricos , Federación de Rusia/epidemiología , Encuestas y CuestionariosAsunto(s)
Dimetilsulfóxido/uso terapéutico , Animales , Arteriosclerosis/tratamiento farmacológico , Fenómenos Químicos , Química Física , Dimetilsulfóxido/administración & dosificación , Dimetilsulfóxido/química , Dimetilsulfóxido/farmacología , Evaluación de Medicamentos , Evaluación Preclínica de Medicamentos , Humanos , Isquemia/tratamiento farmacológico , Isquemia Miocárdica/tratamiento farmacológicoRESUMEN
The authors developed a system for examinations at the stage of postgraduate advanced training for therapists which included fundamental and practical classes. Fundamental classes are presented with certain tests with regard to the curriculum while the practical ones are based on the evaluation of professional clinical skill demonstrated at the examination of the patient. The developed system is realized with the help of computerized programmes CM-4. High objectivity and the wide spectrum of the programme evidence the practicability of the methods developed in the evaluation of knowledge in therapists.
Asunto(s)
Educación de Postgrado en Medicina , Evaluación Educacional , Medicina Interna/educación , Curriculum , Ética Médica , Medicina Militar/educación , Federación de Rusia , Programas InformáticosRESUMEN
Using the complex statistics methods with due regard for the time lapsed from the moment of exposure to ionizing radiation, multifactors of the accident and the number of studies, the manifestations of the radiation effect (within the dose range from 0.1 to 0.5 Gy) on certain functional systems in a group of Chernobyl A.P.S. accident liquidators.
Asunto(s)
Accidentes , Reactores Nucleares , Enfermedades Profesionales/diagnóstico , Traumatismos por Radiación/diagnóstico , Adulto , Humanos , Modelos Estadísticos , Enfermedades Profesionales/etiología , Dosis de Radiación , Traumatismos por Radiación/sangre , Traumatismos por Radiación/clasificación , UcraniaRESUMEN
Biochemical and immunological indexes of peripheral blood were compiled in military sanatorium "Divnomorskoe" in seamen who have suffered from general supercooling in the result of "Komsomolets" atomic submarine breakdown. The patients had the symptoms of metabolic disturbance, immunodepression, a great concentration of proteins in acute phase and activity of MB-fraction of creatine phosphokinase. Immunodepression after the general supercooling was mainly conditioned by oppression of differentiation, metabolic changes and functional activity of T-lymphocytes. A course of immunocorrective therapy was employed using "thymogen"--synthetic peptide of thymus. In the process of rehabilitation there was a gradual functional recovery, normalization of metabolism and immunological indexes.
Asunto(s)
Accidentes , Frío/efectos adversos , Congelación de Extremidades/rehabilitación , Personal Militar , Congelación de Extremidades/sangre , Congelación de Extremidades/inmunología , Colonias de Salud , Humanos , Medicina Submarina , U.R.S.S.RESUMEN
Phencarol, a blocker of H1-histamine receptors, is used as an antihistaminic agent. The antiarrhythmic effect of phencarol was detected and studied on experimental models of arrhythmias in non-anesthetized rabbits in a dose of 5 mg/kg intravenously. The drug was shown to possess the pronounced antiarrhythmic and protective properties on the models of calcium-chloride-, adrenaline- and strophanthine-induced arrhythmias and to exert no influence on aconitine-induced arrhythmia. Phencarol was demonstrated to have no cardiodepressive effect.
Asunto(s)
Antiarrítmicos/uso terapéutico , Compuestos de Bencidrilo/uso terapéutico , Antagonistas de los Receptores Histamínicos H1/uso terapéutico , Animales , Antiarrítmicos/efectos adversos , Arritmias Cardíacas/inducido químicamente , Arritmias Cardíacas/tratamiento farmacológico , Arritmias Cardíacas/fisiopatología , Compuestos de Bencidrilo/efectos adversos , Evaluación Preclínica de Medicamentos , Electrocardiografía/efectos de los fármacos , Frecuencia Cardíaca/efectos de los fármacos , Antagonistas de los Receptores Histamínicos H1/efectos adversos , Masculino , ConejosRESUMEN
Slow infusion of neutral insulin causes in patients with insulin dependent and noninsulin dependent diabetes mellitus diverse changes in the levels of cAMP, cGMP and the cAMP/cGMP ratio in leukocytes in spite of one-type changes in the concentration of contrainsular hormones in the venous blood: in patients with noninsulin dependent DM a raised cAMP/cGMP factor was lowered whereas in patients with insulin dependent DM it was increased. The authors put forward for discussion the problem of the postreceptor mechanisms of tissue insulin resistance in noninsulin dependent DM and a possibility of the use of the above indices for differential diagnosis of DM types.