Daily Egg-Cycle in Japanese Quail: Serum Biochemistry, Bones, and Oviduct Changes

This study described changes in the serum biochemistry, morphology of genital organs, long bone, and eggshell during the daily egg formation cycle in Japanese quails. Sixty quails (18-wk) were distributed in 6 groups according to hours post-oviposition (POV): 0 hr POV (16h00), 2 hrs POV (egg in magnum), and 4, 8, 14, and 20 hrs POV (egg in uterus). The magnum had higher relative weight before the next ovulation (20 and 0 hr POV), and its tubular glands showed functional variation through periods: abundant eosinophilic, PAS+, and negative Alcian blue secretion at 0 and 2 hrs, empty glands aspect at 4 hrs, and filled again at 20 hrs POV. Serum albumin and total Ca had the highest value in the 2 hrs group, and the lowest in 8 and 14 hrs groups. Egg-cycle period affected the Ca% of the medullar bone of the femur and tibiotarsus, with the lowest mean at 14 hrs POV (06h00), and the highest mean after oviposition (0 hr POV), showing the recovery of Ca stores in long bones for the next egg cycle. Analysis of the eggshell using scanning electron microscopy evidenced that palisade layer formation starts during the night (8­14 hrs POV), and most parts are secreted during the day period. In conclusion, eggshell secretion in light periods, high magnum activity and medullary bone Ca deposition during midday and afternoon, as well as the ovulation/oviposition in the afternoon, are the main characteristics of the distinct physiological aspects of the egg cycle in quails.(AU)

Temporal bone pneumatization in patients with dentofacial deformities: cone beam computed tomography study.

Pneumatization in the osseous components of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) may represent a complicating factor in TMJ surgery. This study determined the prevalence and characteristics of pneumatized articular eminence (PAE) and pneumatized glenoid fossa (PGF) using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans of patients with and without dentofacial deformities. The CBCT of 587 asymptomatic patients (216 class I, 179 class II, 192 class III) were assessed to determine PAE and PGF. Age, sex, laterality, and type (uni/multilocular) of pneumatization were recorded. Differences were tested using the χ2 test and binary logistic regression models (P<0.05). Overall, 63.7% of patients presented some pneumatization: 15.5% presented both PAE and PGF, 0.9% presented only PAE, and 47.4% presented only PGF. The multilocular type was more frequent in both PAE and PGF (P<0.001). There was a significant difference regarding dentofacial deformity for PAE (P=0.021), with a higher frequency in class I. There were no differences according to sex, age, or laterality. The absence or lower frequency of pneumatization in class II and III patients may indicate continuous remodelling of the joint, which is submitted to abnormal occlusion forces. This knowledge is helpful for TMJ surgery planning, particularly as patients with dentofacial abnormalities may more often be candidates for TMJ surgery.

Productive performance, bone characteristics, and intestinal morphology of laying hens fed diets formulated with L-glutamic acid.

This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of L-glutamic acid (Glu) on the productive performance, eggshell quality, bone characteristics, and morphologic parameters of laying hens. Two hundred and forty 53-wk-old Hy-Line W36 laying hens were randomly allocated into 5 treatments, 6 replicates, and 8 birds each. The experimental period was 16 wk. The treatments consisted of a Basal diet (Glu calculated at 2.68%) and 4 L-glutamic acid inclusion levels: 2.88, 3.08, 3.28, and 3.48%. Glu inclusion levels in the hens diet had an increasing linear effect (P < 0.05) on eggshell Ca concentration and bone (tibiotarsus) strength index, and a decreasing linear effect (P < 0.05) on the Seedor index. Serum biochemistry results for total and ionic Ca, inorganic P, and alkaline phosphatase were affected by blood collection time (04:00 Pm, 03:00 Am, and 12:00 Pm) but not by the treatments. Jejunum morphometric variables were not influenced by the treatments except for crypt depth, which demonstrated a quadratic effect (P < 0.05). However, proliferating cell nuclear antigen qualitative immunohistochemical analysis of the jejunum showed more positive nuclei in the villus with the addition of Glu. Both with the basal diet and the lowest Glu inclusion treatment, positive nuclei were observed in the crypts and at the base of the villus, while in the treatments with higher Glu levels, positive cells were common all along the villus mucosa, including its extremity. In conclusion, diets formulated with increased levels of Glu had beneficial effects on eggshell Ca concentration, tibiotarsus structure, and proliferative activity of the jejunum of 69-wk-old laying hens. Therefore, dietary L-glutamic acid can be considered an alternative additive to improve bone characteristics in the productive phase of laying hens.

Influence of graded levels of calcium and vitamin K in the diets of laying hens during the growing phase and their effects on the laying phase.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of dietary supplementation of vitamin K (vit K) and Ca in the diets of laying hens on bone and blood parameters and performance during the growing phase and the effects on the laying phase up to 32 weeks. The study utilized 120 Hy-Line W-36 pullets in the growing phase (13-18 weeks), 80 laying hens in the production phase (20-32 weeks), distributed in a completely randomized design in a 2 × 5 factorial arrangement, two levels of Ca (0.8 and 1.4%) and five levels of vit K supplementation (0, 2, 8, 16 and 32 mg/kg) with four experimental units. An experimental diet was fed during the growing phase, and the commercial diet was fed during the production phase and were analysed for biochemistry and bone variables at 18 and 32 weeks. In pullets, a significant interaction of levels of vit K and Ca was observed for total serum calcium (mg/dl), Seedor index, Ca in the bones (%) and medullary bone (%). Pullets at 18 weeks of age, receiving diets with 1.4% Ca, displayed a quadratic effect of vit K with better results for these variables with 17.86, 14.59, 14.48 and 16.80 mg/kg of vit K, respectively. For level 0.8% Ca no effect of vit K was observed. The treatments during the growing phase had no effect on egg production, performance and biochemistry serum until 32 weeks. Medullary bone (%), there was a significant interaction for 1.4% Ca and a quadratic effect for vit K, with greater medullary bone areas observed with 6.09 mg/kg vit K in the diet. Supplementation with vit K in a diet with 1.4% Ca during the growing phase allowed for an increase in the area of medullary bone at 18 weeks, which was maintained until 32 weeks.

Estudios radiográfico de la prevalencia de impactaciones dentarias de terceros molares y sus respectivas posiciones / Radiographic study of the prevalence of dental impaction of third molars and their respective positions

El objetivo de esta investigación fue verificar la prevalencia de las impactaciones dentales de terceros molares por medio de radiografías panorámicas, en pacientes dentados, realizadas en el Sector de Radiología de la Clínica Odontológica de la Universidad Estatal de Maringá, en el período de 2009 a 2011, clasificando las posiciones de los terceros molares, de acuerdo con Winter, Pell y Gregory y Sandhu y Kaur. Mil cuatro radiografías fueron analizadas utilizando el software Image Tool, registrando edad, género, presencia o no de terceros molares retenidos y su clasificación. Fueron aplicados análisis cuantitativa y test chi-cuadrado (x2). En la clasificación de Winter, la posición vertical del diente 38 fue la de mayor prevalencia en el género femenino, presentando diferencia estadísticamente significante en relación al masculino. De acuerdo con Pell y Gregory, la Clase C del diente 18 y la Clase II del diente 38, las dos en el género femenino, se presentaron con mayores prevalencias. Con respecto al método de Sandhu y Kaur, el diente 38 en el género femenino, presentó mayor prevalencia y una angulación entre 11° a 70° (mesio angular). Los terceros molares inferiores son los más comúnmente impactados, siendo que el promedio de edad de la muestra total fue de 23,29 años y con un sensible predominio en el género femenino.

The objective of this research was to determine the prevalence of tooth impaction of third molars by panoramic radiographs, performed in the Dental Clinic of Radiology, State University of Maringá, in the period from 2009 to 2011, ranking the positions of third molar, according to Winter, Pell and Gregory and Sandhu and Kaur. One thousand four radiographs were analyzed using the Image Tool, recording age, gender, presence or absence of third molar and its classification. We applied quantitative analysis and chi-square (x2). According to Winter's classification, the vertical position of tooth 38 was the most prevalent in females, showing a statistically significant difference when compared to males. According to Pell and Gregory, Class C and Class II tooth 18 and tooth 38, both in females, presented with the highest prevalence. Regarding the method of Sandhu and Kaur, the tooth 38 in females, had higher prevalence and an angle between 11° to 70° (mesio angular). The third molars are more commonly affected, with the average age of the total sample was 23.29 years old and with a sensitive female predominance.

Linfoma no hodgkin de células de manto: relato de caso raro y la presentación a los profesionales de la salud de la importancia de un diagnóstico precoz / Lymphoma, mantle cell lymphoma: case report and presentation weird to health professionals of the importance of early diagnosis

Después del carcinoma epidermoide, los linfomas representan el segundo grupo de neoplasias que comprometen la región de la cabeza y cuello, la exploración de este tema es importante en función de la elevada incidencia en los últimos años especialmente los linfomas no Hodgkin. Este linfoma se puede presentar en la región de cabeza y cuello de diversas formas, con compromiso ganglionar y/o extraganglionar, el sitio más común en la región de cabeza y cuello, es el anillo de Waldeyer, seguido por la órbita y anexos, senos paranasales, glándulas salivales, cavidad bucal, laringe y tiroides. En el siguiente trabajo vamos a presentar un caso clínico y en el abordar la necesidad de el conocimiento de el odontólogo-cirujano y demás profesionales de la salud sobre la lesión, con el fin de posibilitar un diagnostico precoz, contribuyendo para un mejor pronostico, prolongar tiempo de vida y mejorar la calidad de vida para este paciente

After the squamous cell carcinoma, lymphomas represent the second group of neoplasms of the head and neck region. Explore this issue proved to be important because the increase of incidence in recent years, especially non-Hodgkin lymphomas. This lymphoma can occur in the head and neck in different ways, with nodal involvement and / or extranodal. When the extranodal site most common in head and neck is the ring of Waldeyer, followed by orbit and attachments, paranasal sinuses, salivary glands, oral cavity, larynx and thyroid. This study sought to present a case report and address the need for knowledge of the dentists and other health professionals about the injury, so that they can make the diagnosis earlier and thus could contribute to a better prognosis, longer survival and better quality of life for this patient