Swertia chirata: A Comprehensive Review with Recent Advances.

BACKGROUND: Swertia chirata, an ethnomedicinal plant, is renowned for its diverse medicinal properties. The plant produces large number of therapeutic phytochemicals responsible for remedial effect against various ailments mainly chronic fever, malaria, bronchial asthma, liver disorders, certain type of mental disorder, blood purification and diabetes. Recently reported anticancer effect of S. chirata has amplified its importance in the scientific community. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this review is to deliver the pharmaceutical importance of S. chirata as diverse therapeutic agent and attract the scientific community working in the field of pharmacology to produce new drug to treat various ailments. METHODOLOGY: Data compiled and presented here were obtained from E-resources like Science Direct, Pubmed, Google, through books and web of science up to Oct 2017. RESULT: This review comprises the common aspects of S. chirata like pharmacologically important phytochemicals with in vitro and in vivo studies, toxicology, adulteration with similar species, dosage, conservation via in vitro studies and genetic stability with molecular markers. A bioinformatics approach to explore therapeutic targets that might suppress many diseases is also compiled to make it complete. CONCLUSION: The medicinal plant S. chirata is continuously being used as a traditional herb. The data indicated its safe and positive effect in the treatment of various diseases. It presents many promising prospects for modern medicine, which may be validated after the process of successful in vivo research, clinical studies, and human trials.

Uptake of Heavy Metals from Industrial Wastewater Using In Vitro Plant Cultures.

The plant species Bacopa monnieri has been observed to reduce the heavy metal concentrations in its vicinity. The present study is a comparison of in vitro culture and soil-grown plants of B. monnieri to remove Cr and Cd, from synthetic solution and effluent obtained from industrial area. Results were obtained at every half hour interval upto 180 min. Samples were observed for light absorption using UV-Visible spectrophotometer. Statistically, both systems reclaimed Cr and Cd from polluted water. In vitro cultures showed 67% and 93% removal of Cr and Cd from industrial wastewater whereas soil-grown plants showed 64% and 83% Cr and Cd removal. However, reduction rate was significantly higher for in vitro culture as compared to soil-grown plants. Besides other advantages, in vitro plant cultures proved to be more potent to detoxify pollutants in less time. This approach can be used for the removal of heavy metals at large scale.