RESUMEN
OBJECTIVES: This study explored the expression of DNA mismatch repair (MMR) proteins in a range of oral biopsies. We further evaluated the significance of MMR protein expression combined with basic demographic data in differentiating grades of oral epithelial dysplasia (OED) and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). STUDY DESIGN: Immunohistochemical expression of MutSα (hMLH1 and hPMS2) and MutLα (hMSH2 and hMSH6) were compared in 98 formalin-fixed paraffin embedded oral biopsies: 21 normal, 24 mild-dysplasia (MD), 8 moderate-to-severe-dysplasia (SD), and 45 OSCC. RESULTS: Expression of hMLH1, hPMS2, and hMSH2 was reduced in MD, SD, and OSCC compared with the normal. Reduced hMSH2 immunoreactivity discriminated poorly differentiated OSCC from well-differentiated OSCC. The diagnostic model correctly classified 71.4% of cases and revealed that hPMS2-negative biopsies were more likely to be cancerous (odds ratio [OR], 0.11; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.000-0.813; P = .040). CONCLUSION: The results suggested a diagnostic role for MMR proteins in OED and OSCC.
Asunto(s)
Carcinoma in Situ/metabolismo , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/metabolismo , Enzimas Reparadoras del ADN/metabolismo , Neoplasias de la Boca/metabolismo , Proteína MutS de Unión a los Apareamientos Incorrectos del ADN/metabolismo , Lesiones Precancerosas/metabolismo , Proteínas Adaptadoras Transductoras de Señales/metabolismo , Adenosina Trifosfatasas/metabolismo , Adolescente , Adulto , Anciano , Biopsia , Carcinoma in Situ/patología , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/patología , Reparación de la Incompatibilidad de ADN , Proteínas de Unión al ADN/metabolismo , Femenino , Humanos , Inmunohistoquímica , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Endonucleasa PMS2 de Reparación del Emparejamiento Incorrecto , Neoplasias de la Boca/patología , Homólogo 1 de la Proteína MutL , Proteínas MutL , Proteína 2 Homóloga a MutS/metabolismo , Clasificación del Tumor , Proteínas Nucleares/metabolismo , Lesiones Precancerosas/patología , Factores SexualesRESUMEN
Advances in the management of patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) have not significantly changed the prognosis of this tumor over the past five decades. Molecular heterogeneity of HNSCC and its association with HPV, in addition to the increase in the number of cancers arising in traditionally low-risk patients, are among some of the obstacles to the successful management of this group of tumors. Massively parallel sequencing, otherwise known as next-generation sequencing (NGS), is rapidly changing conventional patient management by providing detailed information about each patient's genome and transcriptome. Despite major advances in technology and a significant reduction in the cost of sequencing, NGS remains mainly limited to research facilities. In addition, there are only a few published studies that have utilized this technology in HNSCC. This paper aims to report briefly on current commercially available NGS platforms and discuss their clinical applications, ethical considerations, and utilization in personalized patient care, particularly as this relates to head and neck cancer.
Asunto(s)
Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/terapia , Neoplasias de Cabeza y Cuello/terapia , Secuenciación de Nucleótidos de Alto Rendimiento/métodos , Medicina de Precisión , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/genética , Perfilación de la Expresión Génica/métodos , Genoma Humano/genética , Neoplasias de Cabeza y Cuello/genética , Secuenciación de Nucleótidos de Alto Rendimiento/ética , Humanos , Medicina de Precisión/ética , Análisis de Secuencia de ADN/métodos , Transcriptoma/genéticaRESUMEN
Lymphoma is a malignant neoplasm of component cells of the lymphoid system which is very rare in the jaws. Here we report a case of primary diffuse large B-cell lymphoma located in the periapical region of a mandibular molar which was misdiagnosed as chronic periapical periodontitis. The present case was diagnosed at an early stage and effectively managed by chemotherapy. Although lymphoma of the mandible is rare, it must be considered in the differential diagnosis of radiolucent lesions in this region. Lack of knowledge of this rare presentation may lead to delays in diagnosis and poor prognosis.
Asunto(s)
Periodontitis Crónica/diagnóstico , Errores Diagnósticos , Linfoma de Células B Grandes Difuso/diagnóstico , Periodontitis Periapical/diagnóstico , Adulto , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Humanos , Linfoma de Células B Grandes Difuso/patología , MasculinoRESUMEN
Although Iran is a high-risk country for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), the contribution of overall nutrient intakes to this high incidence rate is not yet clear. The aim of this study was to examine the association between nutrient patterns and risk of ESCC in Iran. Forty-seven patients with ESCC and 96 frequency-matched hospital controls underwent private interviews, and dietary habits were collected using a validated food-frequency questionnaire. Factor analysis was conducted and two major nutrient patterns were retained; factor 1 (high in pantothenic acid, vitamin C, potassium, vitamin B(6), magnesium, folate, thiamin, copper, carbohydrate, vitamin K, niacin, α-tocopherol, zinc, total fiber, fluoride, and polyunsaturated fatty acids) and factor 2 (high in saturated fatty acid, biotin, selenium, monounsaturated fatty acids, riboflavin, sodium, fat, cholesterol, calcium, phosphorus, protein, iron, vitamin E, manganese, vitamin D, and vitamin B(12)). Factor 2 was inversely associated with ESCC (OR = 0.06, 95% CI: 0.01-0.28; P = 0.008), whereas no significant association was found for factor 1 (OR = 0.45, 95% CI: 0.11-1.82). The results of the present study suggested a possible role for a nutrient pattern similar to factor 2 in reducing the risk of ESCC.
