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Objective:Preliminary study on rats with delayed encephalopathy after acute carbon monoxide poisoning (DEACMP) model intervention agent tBHQ before and after the nuclear factor E2-related factor 2(Nrf2) and its downstream target genes of heme oxygenase 1(HO-1) change in hippocampus associated,in order to further study the pathogenesis of DEACMP,at the same time for the targeted therapy of provide a certain experimental basis.Methods: One hundred and twenty rats were randomly divided into carbon monoxide poisoning group(CO group),air control group(AC group),carbon monoxide+3% ethanol group(EC group),carbon monoxide+tBHQ group(group TC),then the rats in exposure after 1 d,3 d,7 d,14 d,21 d,28 d,with the machine was divided into 6 sub groups,followed by the Morris water maze test to observe the behavior of rats,immunohistochemistry and protein Western blot method of chemical(Western blot) detecting expression of Nrf2 and HO-1 mploying intervention agent tBHQ before and after,and then TUNEL staining was detected cell apoptosis.Results: CO group,EC group,TC group Nrf2 in hippocampus of rats and the expression of HO-1 were increased in the first day and reach a peak at the third day,then gradually decreased,and at each time point in AC group were statistically significant,TC group and CO group Nrf2 and HO-1 were increased in each sub group and the deffirences were statistically meaning.Comparison apoptotic cells in CO group,EC group,TC group with AC group rats increased significantly over time,and showed higher peak(7-14 d)-decreased.TC group compared with CO group,the apoptotic cells(7-14 d) decreased,the difference was statistically significant.Conclusion: The Nrf2/ARE/HO-1 pathway plays an important role in the development of DEACMP,and the tBHQ specific activation of the Nrf2 pathway achieves early protection and is expected to reduce or mitigate DEACMP.
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Objective To investigate the efficiency and complications of stereotactic surgery combined with intra-operative electrocorticography (ECoG) and intra-operative neurophysiologic monitoring (IOM) in treating epilepsy secondary to subcortex small tumors in the functional areas.Methods Fifteen patients with epilepsy secondary to subcortex small tumors in the functional areas,admitted to our hospital from June 2006 to June 2011, were chosen in our study. Resection was performed to these tumors. Guiding with stereotaxic apparatus, epileptogenic foci and boundary localizing by intra-operative ECoG monitoring,functional areas and neuronal structures in the epileptic region judging by IOM,the epileptogenic foci were resected or performed multiple subpial wansaction (MST) and/or cortices lower output powers thermocoagulation.The treatment efficacy was concluded.Results Total resection was achieved in 13 patients and subtotal resection in 2.Epileptogenic foei were ablated in 4 patients,and peri-lesioned cortex of epileptogenic foci in other 11 patients were performed lower output powers thermocoagulation or/and MST. ECoG monitoring found epileptiform discharge disappearance in 6 patients,residual of a few spikes in 6,residual of a lot of spikes as well as having mild to moderate abnormal basilic rhythms in EEG in 3.No permanent and severe complications were noted.All patients were followed up for 1 to 3 y; tumor recurrence was noted in 2; according to Engel's classification standards,Engel I was noted in 10,Engel Ⅱin 3 and Engel Ⅲ in 2,and the effective rate was 100％. Conclusion Stereotactic surgery combined with intra-operative ECoG and IOM is a safe,effective and microinvasive management for epilepsy secondary to subcortex small tumor in the functional areas; it can accuratly locate and totally resect the tumors,treating the epileptogenic foci and avoiding functional defects.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the dynamic changes of dystrophin expression in mdx mice after bone marrow stem cells transplantation.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The bone marrow stem cells of C57 BL/6 mice (aged 6 to 8 weeks) were injected intravenously into the mdx mice (aged 7 to 9 weeks), which were preconditioned with 7Gy gamma ray. The amount of dystrophin;expression in gastrocnemius was detected by immunofluorescence, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and Western blot at week 5, 8, 12 and 16 after transplantation.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>At week 5 after bone marrow stem cells transplantation, the dystrophin expression detected in mdx mice were very low; however, its expression increased along with time. At week 16 week, about 12% muscle cells of all transplanted mice expressed dystrophin. There were less centrally placed myonuclei than the control mdx mice, whereas peripheral myonuclei increased.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>After having been injected into mdx mice, the allogenic bone marrow stem cells have a trend to reach the injured muscle tissues and differentiate to fibers that can express dystrophin and the expression increased with time. The bone marrow stem cells participates in the repair and regeneration of the injured tissues permanently and constantly.</p>
