[Spontaneous and induced fetal movement activity in the 2d trimester of pregnancy]. / Spontánní a indukovaná pohybová aktivita plodu ve 2. triemestru tehotenství.

During routine screening in the first half of pregnancy the authors evaluated in 3446 foetuses the incidence of spontaneous movements and movements after their attempted induction by movement of the uterus, when no spontaneous movements were recorded during examination. The examinations were made by means of a rotation probe 3.5 MHz of a Sonoline 2 apparatus (Siemens) always between 7.30 and 11.30 a.m. It was revealed that: 1. Spontaneous motor activity of the foetus depends significantly ot the foetal age; during the period between the 12th and 16th week it was recorded in 94.4%, in the 17th to 21st week it declines to 87.4% and during the 22nd-25th week it rises again to 94.7%. 2. The number of foetuses where movements were recorded after the first movement of the uterus depends also significantly on foetal age: in the 12th-16th week it is 57.5% of the number of foetuses without spontaneous movement, in the 17th to 21st week 66.3% and in the 22nd to 25th week 66.7%. 3. On the basis of preliminary work it is not possible to decide whether the movements observed after movement of the uterus are spontaneous or induced, however, if attempts to induce movements would imply only prolonged examination and recording of spontaneous activity, it is justified. 4. In one foetus where we did not observe spontaneous activity nor movements after movement of the uterus we revealed during a check-up examination rapidly developing polycystic kidneys. 5. Observation of foetal movements during screening is not time consuming and should become a matter of routine.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Frequency of foetal growth deviations diagnosed by ultrasonic measurement and analysis of their causes.

In a population sample, whose congruity with the country-wide population was verified, the birthweight, menstrual age and gestational age (assessed by repeated ultrasonic foetometry in the course of pregnancy) were mutually correlated. A group of 80% of newborns out of the total population sample, in whom no disturbance of foetal growth rate was found throughout the course pregnancy, served as the basis for preparation of the standard of normal foetal growth. In the interval from the 36th to the 42nd week of pregnancy a highly significant linear relationship between gestational age and birthweight was found, without terminal flattening of the "normal foetal growth curve". In the remaining 20% of the population there was a twofold predominance of growth retardation over growth acceleration.

[Relation between the biparietal diameter, thoracic transverse diameter, birth weight and the sex of the infant]. / Relation zwischen biparietalem Durchmesser, Thoraxquerdurchmesser, Geburtsgewicht und Geschlecht des Kindes.

We have found in ultrasonic measurements, that the birth weight from newborn males and females is equal, if the biparietal diameter of the fetuses had been the same. Opposite we found by measuring the equal thoracic transversal diameter, that the birthweight of the males was about 200 bis 300 g higher than that of the females.

The effect of fructose infusions in the course of labor upon parturient and fetus.

Fructose infusions were administered to parturients with healthy term fetuses at a speed of 1 g/min for 106 on the average. The results confirm that fructose has the expected properties. The blood glucose and FFA levels show that a substantial part of the infused fructose is indeed stored and that only a small portion is used to cover immediate energy needs. This positive result is predominant by a considerable degree of acidosis arising in the parturient in spite of the fact that fructose was infused at a slower rate than in the majority of papers published so far. Since the fructose infusions were intended for premature fetuses, which already have an increased tendency toward acidosis, the results confirm the unsuitability of such a treatment.