RESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Traditional uvulectomy in children, a very common and dangerous practice, remains poorly documented in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). The aim of this study was to establish the epidemiological and clinical profile of children after a traditional uvulectomy and to determine their outcome of the children after this practice in 2 pediatric emergency unities in South Kivu province, DRC. METHOD: This was a cross-sectional study took place conducted in 2 pediatric emergency unities in Bukavu town, in South Kivu province, throughout from January to December 2016. It included all children from 0 to 15 years of age. The usual statistical measures (frequenciesy, percentages, means, and medians) were used. Differences in group proportions and categorical variables were assessed withusing the chi-square test. These different tests were considered statistically significant at P < 0.05. FINDINGS: In all, A total of 1078 children were admitted to these pediatric emergency departments during the study period, including 202 cases of traditional uvulectomy, forgiving a prevalence of 18.7% among admissions. The median age of the children was 11 (1-168) months. Of the mothers who resorted to this practice, 153 One hundred fifty-three (75.7%) mothers who resorted to this practice had a low level of education. The main reasons for this practice were fever (50%), vomiting (15.8%), and refusal to suckle (12.4%). The mortality rate after uvulectomy was 11.9%. Risk factors associated with mortality following traditional uvulectomy were HIV infection ([OR (95 % CI) 3.16, 95% CI (1.28-7.79); P = 0.040] and acute malnutrition ([OR (95% CI) 2.87, 95% CI (1.28 - 6.43); P = 0.024)]. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of traditional uvulectomy and the mortality rate after traditional uvulectomy both remain high. Information, education, and communication campaigns on this practice must be developed in order to reduce this scourge.
Asunto(s)
Modificación del Cuerpo no Terapéutica/estadística & datos numéricos , Cultura , Úvula/cirugía , Adolescente , Niño , Preescolar , Estudios Transversales , República Democrática del Congo , Femenino , Humanos , Lactante , Masculino , Complicaciones Posoperatorias/epidemiología , Prevalencia , Estudios RetrospectivosRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Low birth weight (LBW) is one of the leading causes of perinatal and infant morbidity and mortality, as well as of impaired growth and neurocognitive development. This study aimed to evaluate the evolution of anthropometric parameters and the nutritional status of LBW infants and to analyze factors influencing the growth failure during their first 6 months of life (or adjusted age). METHODS: This was a prospective cohort study for 6 months, including 100 infants born with LBW and 100 infants born at full-term and with normal weight. The z-scores weight for age, height for age, head circumference for age and weight for height were computed with the software Epinut and WHO Anthro 2005. Descriptive statistics, bivariate analysis and multivariable logistic regression analyses were employed to identify factors associated with growth failure. Growth failure was defined as a decrease in weight z-score (standard deviation score) of over 0.67 during one of the study's periods. The statistical significance threshold was fixed at 0.05. FINDINGS: At 6 months of life (or adjusted age), 15.3% of LBW were underweight, 51.4% were stunted, 4.2% had an emaciation and 25% had a head circumference for age<-2 z-scores. Risk factor for growth failure was male sex (OR=1.56 [95% CI: 1.03-2.23]). The symmetrical intra-uterine growth retardation was a protector factor for growth failure (OR=0.49 [95% CI: 0.25-0.98]). CONCLUSION: In the short term, LBW infants may have growth disorders. It is necessary to emphasize the importance of growth assessment of LBW children and proper education of their mothers about nutrition of their children for early and timely diagnosis and management of growth retardation and prevention of subsequent problems.
RESUMEN
Contexte : Dans la province du Sud-Kivu (RD Congo), le taux de mortalité néonatale est de 47. L'objectif de notre étude est d'analyser la mortalité néonatale dans le service de néonatologie d'une structure tertiaire de santé de la province du Sud-Kivu.Méthodes : Etude transversale couvrant la période 2009-2013. Tous les enfants âgés de 0-28 jours étaient inclus dans l'étude. Les tests statistiques utilisés étaient le pourcentage, le Khi2 et l'Odds ratio. Résultats: Au total, 1,638 nouveau-nés étaient admis dans le service. Le taux de mortalité néonatale était de 26.6% (passant de 40.8% en 2009 à 21.2% en 2013). La mortalité épurée était de 16.7%. Les facteurs de risque liés à la mortalité néonatale étaient (OR, p) : le sexe masculin [1.4 (1.1-1.9) ; p = 0.0138], la prématurité [4.3 (2.9-6.4) ; p < 0.0001], l'asphyxie périnatale [2.6 (2.1-3.2) ; p < 0.0001], l'âge de la mère > 35 ans [1.2 (1.2-3.2) ; p = 0.0061], les mères célibataires [2.8 (1.4-5.8) ; p = 0.0034], une menace d'accouchement prématuré [3.0 (1.3-7.1) ; p = 0.0111] et la naissance dans une maternité autre que celle de l'HPGRB [5.3 (4.0-7.1) ; p < 0.0001].Conclusion : Le taux de mortalité néonatale reste élevé bien que des efforts aient été fournis pour sa réduction. Différents facteurs de risques associés à la mortalité néonatale ont été identifiés. Des actions de sensibilisation/prévention doivent être soutenues pour réduire ce fléau