Analysis of heart rate variability in individuals subjected to different positive end expiratory pressure levels using expiratory positive airway pressure.

INTRODUCTION: The increase in the number of studies has led to greater security in the application of this method and the determination of its effectiveness in adults.. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate heart rate variability in healthy individuals submitted to different levels of positive expiratory pressure using an expiratory positive airway pressure (EPAP) device. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study involved 27 healthy male individuals ranging in age from 20 to 35 years. Patient histories were taken and the subjects were submitted to a physical examination. The volunteers were monitored using the Polar 810s(®) and submitted to the EPAP experiment. Analyses were performed on variables of the frequency domain. Sympathetic and parasympathetic bands and their relationship with sympathovagal response were also analyzed. RESULTS: The mean value of this variable was 526.89 (55.50) ms(2) in the first period, 2811.0 (721.10) ms(2) in the fourth period and 726.52 (123.41) ms(2) in the fifth period. Regarding the parasympathetic area, significant differences were detected when Periods 1 and 5 (no load) were compared with periods in which the individuals were subjected to the use of the therapy. Sympathetic and parasympathetic areas together, a significant difference was detected regarding the sympathetic/parasympathetic ratio in the comparison between Periods 1 and 4 (p < 0.01) as well as Periods 2 and 4 (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The findings of the present study suggest that the therapeutic use of EPAP significantly alters the parameters of heart rate variability in the frequency domain, highlighting the importance of monitoring and care during the practice of EPAP.

Análise do estresse em acadêmicos de Enfermagem frente ao primeiro estágio da grade curricular / Analysis of stress in nursing students ahead to the first stage of the curriculum

Objetivo - Observar os níveis de atividade do sistema nervoso simpático e parassimpático dos acadêmicos de Enfermagem. O nível de estresse em acadêmicos de Enfermagem no início do exercício profissional tem sido apontado como fator responsável ou desencadeante de alguns transtornos emocionais, principalmente na área da saúde. Métodos - A pesquisa contou com onze acadêmicos de graduação em Enfermagem, que responderam a um questionário relacionado à qualidade de vida (WHOQOL-100) e passaram por análise da variabilidade da frequência cardíaca (VFC), utilizada como um recurso para mensuração da atividade do sistema nervoso autônomo. Os procedimentos foram realizados antes do início do estágio e após sua conclusão, quatro meses depois. Os dados coletados por meio da análise de VFC foram expressos como média e submetidos à análise de normalidade, posteriormente os resultados foram colocados em tabelas. Resultados - Dentre os resultados encontrados verificou-se que a maioria dos acadêmicos de Enfermagem apresentou alteração do sistema nervoso simpático e redução do parassimpático. Conclusão - Os participantes do estudo apresentam sintomas referidos de estresse e não apresentam alteração da VFC após a conclusão do estágio curricular.

Objective - To analyse leves of activity of the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system of nursing students. In an analyse of stress in nursing students, at the begginning of a professional practice, has been indicated as a responsible or triggering factor of emotional disorders, especially in health care. Methods - This study evaluated 11 graduates nursing students. A questionnaire was used to relation of quality of life (WHOQOL-100). Were observed by analysing heart rate variability (HRV) and symptons referred, the analysis of heart rate variability has been used as a resource for measuring the autonomic nervous system activity. Results - Among the results found, we observed that the majority of the nursing students presented amendment of the sympathetic nervous system and reduction of the parasympathetic nervous system. Conclusion - With respect to the HRV, it was observed a discrete change in nursing students.

Análise da incidência de quedas e fraturas nos idosos etilistas / Analysis of the impact of falls and fractures in the elderly aloholic

A análise de quedas nos idosos encontrada hoje na literatura no mostra que as quedas neste grupo de pessoas constituem a principal causa de óbitos, devido a fratura ou complicações cirúrgicas. A medida que a pessoa envelhece, os riscos de quedas e lesões aumentam, agravando-se estes fatores quando associado ao uso do álcool. Ao analisar estes fatores, é que este estudo se fez necessário para verificar a incidência de fraturas e quedas decorrentes do etilismo em idosos. Para a seguinte amostra obteve-se 42 idosos de ambos os sexos, de diferentes classes sociais e profissões que foram submetidos a análise quantitativa de resultados provenientes de questionário. no grupo (GA) de idoso que ganhava abaixo de cinco salários mínimos, 45% dos entrevistados bebem socialmente e 35% bebem frequentemente embora não assumiram ser alcoólatras. Já 20% dos idosos não consomem bebidas que contém álcool. No grupo (GB) de idosos que ganhavam acima de cinco salários mínimos mostrou que 30,43% bebem socialmente. A grande parte representando 65,21% dos idosos entrevistados relatava beber frequentemente, mas também como o GA, não assumiu serem alcoólatras. Sugere-se que os fatores mais agravantes das quedas e fraturas, foram, o consumo de bebidas alcoólicas, dados esses confirmados em diversas literaturas e que se faz necessário uma medida de prevenção e controle ao uso abusivo do álcool na população idosa.

The analysis of falls in the elderly found in literature today shows us that falls in this group of people in the main cause of deaths due to fracture or surgical complications. As a person ages, the risk of falls and injuries increase and deteriorated when these factors associated with the use of alcohol. In considering these factors, is that this study was necessary to check the incidence of fractures and cracks resulting from alcoholism in the elderly. Method-For the following sample got to 42 elderly, men and women of different social calsses and professions, which were submitted to quantitative analysis of results drom questionnaire. In Group (GA) of elderly eho earned less than five minimum wages, 45% of respondents and 35% drink socially but do not drink often assumed to be alcoholics. Already 20% of the elderly, do not consume beverages that contain alcohol. In Group (GB) of elderly who won over five minimum wages showed that 30.43% drink socially. In large part, representing 65.21% of the elderly interviewed spoke drink often, but also as the GA, alcoholics are not taken. Suggests that the more aggravating factors for falls and fractures, were, the consumption of alcoholic beverages, conformed these data in varios literature and that is a necessary measure to prevent and control the abuse of alcohol in the elderly population.

Heart rate variability analysis in revascularized individuals submitted to an anaerobic potency test.

The objective of this study was to analyze the behavior of autonomic modulation before, during and after the Modified Wingate Test (WanMT), through the analysis of Heart Rate Variability (HRV). Six volunteers between the ages of 40 and 70, post-revascularization procedures (angioplasty and/or surgery, mean duration 10 months), were submitted to supervised training for at least 10 to 14 months. The following protocol, divided into 5 phases, was used: 1) Rest Phase (RP): 180 seconds; 2) Submaximum Phase (SP): 30 seconds; 3) Maximum Phase (MP): 30 seconds; 4) Active Recuperation Phase (ARP); 120 seconds and; 5) Passive Recuperation Phase (PRP): 180 seconds. For the WanMT Test, we selected the load of 3.75% of corporal weight for all volunteers. To analyze the HRV, we used the following parameters: the interval RRr, MNN, SDNN, RMSSD and PNN50. We only observed results for the group according to RMSSD parameters during the rest phase of the test protocol in which the group remained in vagal presence and during all other phases in vagal depression. However, when we analyzed the PNN50, we observed that the group was in medium vagal presence during all of the phases of the test though there was no statistically significant difference (p> 0.05) between the phases. Therefore, we can say that all of the individuals had a similar profile in the autonomic response to the WanMT, confirmed by the parameters studied in the analysis of the HRV in the time domain.