RESUMEN
Acute compartment syndrome is a rare but potentially disastrous complication of orthopedic injury to the extremities. Compartment syndrome occurs when the circulation and function of muscle within a closed fascial space are compromised by increased pressure within that space. Early diagnosis and treatment is crucial to prevent the devastating complications of this condition. This review article examines the clinical presentation, diagnostic techniques, and management options applicable to the emergency practitioner.
Asunto(s)
Síndromes Compartimentales/diagnóstico , Síndromes Compartimentales/etiología , Fasciotomía , Ortopedia , Adulto , Síndromes Compartimentales/terapia , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Servicio de Urgencia en Hospital , Humanos , Isquemia/etiología , Masculino , Músculo Esquelético/patología , Flujo Sanguíneo RegionalRESUMEN
Wrist injuries are frequently encountered in the emergency department. When a patient presents with such an injury, the possibility of scaphoid fracture must be at the top of the differential for the emergency practitioner. Unfortunately, these injuries can be missed on first presentation, as they are frequently radiographically occult. When left unrecognized and untreated, these injuries lead to a high incidence of long-term functional disability and chronic pain. The emergency physician needs to be vigilant for scaphoid fracture and be aggressive in both its diagnosis and treatment to avoid this practice pitfall. This review examines the clinical presentation, diagnostic techniques, and management options applicable to the emergency physician.
Asunto(s)
Fracturas Cerradas/diagnóstico , Hueso Escafoides/lesiones , Traumatismos de la Muñeca/diagnóstico , Accidentes por Caídas , Adolescente , Adulto , Urgencias Médicas , Femenino , Fracturas Cerradas/complicaciones , Fracturas Cerradas/etiología , Fracturas Cerradas/fisiopatología , Fracturas Cerradas/terapia , Humanos , Masculino , Traumatismos de la Muñeca/complicaciones , Traumatismos de la Muñeca/etiología , Traumatismos de la Muñeca/fisiopatología , Traumatismos de la Muñeca/terapiaRESUMEN
Occult dislocations at the wrist and elbow frequently accompany forearm fractures. When left unrecognized and untreated, these injuries lead to a high incidence of long-term functional disability and chronic pain. Emergency medicine practitioners need to be vigilant for both Galeazzi (distal radius fracture with radioulnar joint disruption), and Monteggia (proximal ulna fracture with radial head dislocation) fracture-dislocations. This review article examines the clinical presentation, diagnostic techniques, and management options applicable to the emergency practitioner.
Asunto(s)
Luxaciones Articulares , Fractura de Monteggia , Fracturas del Radio , Articulación de la Muñeca , Accidentes por Caídas , Adulto , Ciclismo/lesiones , Estudios de Seguimiento , Fijación Interna de Fracturas , Humanos , Luxaciones Articulares/diagnóstico , Luxaciones Articulares/diagnóstico por imagen , Luxaciones Articulares/terapia , Masculino , Fractura de Monteggia/diagnóstico , Fractura de Monteggia/diagnóstico por imagen , Fractura de Monteggia/cirugía , Radiografía , Fracturas del Radio/diagnóstico , Fracturas del Radio/diagnóstico por imagen , Fracturas del Radio/cirugía , Factores de TiempoRESUMEN
Occult dislocations at and around the lunate can accompany wrist trauma. When left unrecognized and untreated, these injuries lead to a high incidence of long-term functional disability and chronic pain. Emergency medicine practitioners need to be vigilant for both lunate and perilunate dislocations. This review article examines the clinical presentation, diagnostic techniques, and management options applicable to the emergency practitioner.
Asunto(s)
Luxaciones Articulares , Hueso Semilunar/lesiones , Traumatismos de la Muñeca , Accidentes por Caídas , Accidentes de Tránsito , Adulto , Urgencias Médicas , Humanos , Luxaciones Articulares/diagnóstico por imagen , Luxaciones Articulares/fisiopatología , Luxaciones Articulares/terapia , Masculino , Radiografía , Traumatismos de la Muñeca/diagnóstico por imagen , Traumatismos de la Muñeca/fisiopatología , Traumatismos de la Muñeca/terapiaRESUMEN
Lisfranc fracture-dislocation of the foot is an injury that carries a high incidence of chronic pain and disability. Its emergency department presentation can be subtle, and more frequent than previously believed. This review article examines the clinical presentation, historical factors, diagnostic techniques, and management options applicable to the emergency practitioner.
Asunto(s)
Fracturas Óseas/complicaciones , Fracturas Óseas/diagnóstico , Luxaciones Articulares/complicaciones , Luxaciones Articulares/diagnóstico , Huesos Metatarsianos/lesiones , Adulto , Urgencias Médicas , Fracturas Óseas/fisiopatología , Fracturas Óseas/terapia , Humanos , Luxaciones Articulares/fisiopatología , Luxaciones Articulares/terapia , MasculinoRESUMEN
Closed tendon injuries of the hand are frequently seen in the emergency department. Unlike open tendon injuries, however, these injuries are often missed on initial presentation. Early recognition and treatment can decrease the pain, dysfunction, and long-term sequelae associated with these injuries. This review article examines the clinical presentation, historical factors, diagnostic techniques, and management options applicable to the emergency practitioner. Injuries discussed include rupture of the flexor digitorum profundus, mallet finger, central slip rupture, extensor hood rupture, and ulnar collateral ligament injury.
