RESUMEN
The effects of neurotensin microinjections into the substantia nigra of the brain on the performance of motor reactions in response to positive (food reinforcement) and negative (unreinforced) conditioned signals were studied, along with the characteristic aftereffects of these microinjections in rats with lesions to serotoninergic neurons in the dorsal cervical nucleus. Lesions were produced by local administration of the selective neurotoxin 5,7-dihydroxytryptamine. Microinjections of neurotensin were found to weaken the disinhibitory effects of neurotoxin on extinction of intersignal responses and extinction of conditioned motor reactions in response to presentation of negative stimuli, but to have no marked effect on the performance of reactions evoked by positive conditioned signals. Changes persisted into subsequent experiments without peptide microinjections. Measurements of the level of preference of the animals for one quadrant of the experimental chamber showed that operated rats avoided occupying the test quadrant and preferred to locate themselves in the opposite quadrant. Neurotensin released this effect of the neurotoxin. These results lead to the conclusion that these behavioral effects of neurotensin are associated with its normalizing influences on the motivational-emotional state of the animals with lesions to serotoninergic neurons and may also be due to the formation in the animals of a contextual conditioned emotional state, which aids optimization of the adaptive functions of the brain.