Tomographic and centroid reconstructions of plasma emission on C-2W via enhanced 300-channel bolometry system.

The C-2W experimental device at TAE Technologies utilizes neutral beam injection and edge biasing to sustain long-lived, stable field reversed configuration (FRC) plasma. An ongoing effort is under way to optimize the electrode biasing system, which provides boundary control to stabilize the FRC. To this end, tomography offers a powerful and non-invasive technique as tomographic reconstruction of the FRC emission profile provides an important assessment of global stability. Recently, a new signal acquisition system was implemented on a bolometer array dedicated to tomography on C-2W, significantly enhancing the signal-to-noise of the collected data. The array consists of 300 simultaneously digitized photodiode channels that respond to a broad range of wavelengths, from soft x-ray to near-infrared, as well as energetic particles, yielding 180 unique lines of sight that intersect a toroidal plane of the FRC near the mid-plane. Utilizing the collected photo-signals from a set of plasma discharges in which the electrode biasing was intentionally terminated mid-shot, time-resolved reconstruction of the plasma emissivity is achieved via pixel-based 1D and 2D tomographic algorithms, revealing sharply annular profiles with a clear magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) mode structure. In addition, reconstruction of the plasma center-of-emission trajectories via a centroid algorithm applied to the same set of discharges demonstrates a cyclical plasma wobble. Crucially, both the tomography reconstruction and centroid reconstruction indicate an n = 1 toroidal mode that reverses from the electron diamagnetic direction to the ion diamagnetic direction and grows in amplitude after bias termination, qualitatively consistent with the expected stabilizing effect of electrodes.

[RARE COMPLICATION OF PANCREATITIS PANKREATOPLEVRALNY FISTULA BOTH PLEURAL CAVITY].

This article presents a case of a rare complication--pankreatopleural fistula in a patient with chronic pancreatitis. The features of clinical manifestations and complications of this diagnostic search.

Mutant forms of Escherichia coli protein L25 unable to bind to 5S rRNA are incorporated efficiently into the ribosome in vivo.

5S rRNA-binding ribosomal proteins of the L25 family are an evolutional acquisition of bacteria. Earlier we showed that (i) single replacements in the RNA-binding module of the protein of this family result in destabilization or complete impossibility to form a complex with 5S rRNA in vitro; (ii) ΔL25 ribosomes of Escherichia coli are less efficient in protein synthesis in vivo than the control ribosomes. In the present work, the efficiency of incorporation of the E. coli protein L25 with mutations in the 5S rRNA-binding region into the ribosome in vivo was studied. It was found that the mutations in L25 that abolish its ability to form the complex with free 5S rRNA do not prevent its correct and efficient incorporation into the ribosome. This is supported by the fact that even the presence of a very weakly retained mutant form of the protein in the ribosome has a positive effect on the activity of the translational machinery in vivo. All this suggests the existence of an alternative incorporation pathway for this protein into the ribosome, excluding the preliminary formation of the complex with 5S rRNA. At the same time, the stable L25-5S rRNA contact is important for the retention of the protein within the ribosome, and the conservative amino acid residues of the RNA-binding module play a key role in this.

Stable regimes for hard disks in a channel with twisting walls.

We study a gas of N hard disks in a box with semi-periodic boundary conditions. The unperturbed gas is hyperbolic and ergodic (these facts are proved for N=2 and expected to be true for all N≥2). We study various perturbations by twisting the outgoing velocity at collisions with the walls. We show that the dynamics tends to collapse to various stable regimes, however we define the perturbations, and however small they are.

[Clinical and morphological substantiation of SMC-peloidotherapy for the management of duodenal pathology].

This study included 112 patients presenting with duodenal ulcer disease and 65 ones with chronic duodenitis treated with the use of sinusoidal modulated current (SMC) electrophoresis in combination with peloidotherapy (peat muds of the Uva health resort, Republic of Udmurtia). This treatment was shown to produce positive effect on the proliferative activity of duodenal epithelium.

[The application of resort factors for the treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease].

The application of SMT-phoresis chloride-iodine-bromine brine for the treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) had positive influence on its clinical course and improved the motor-evacuative function of the stomach. Also, the psychoemotional conditions of the patients improved. It is concluded that SMT-phoresis of the chloride-iodine-bromine brine applied at the Uva health resort can be used either as monotherapy or included in the combined treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease

[A method for non-medicamentous treatment of irritated bowel syndrome].

Clinical efficiency of two methods for the management of irritated bowel syndrome was compared. One was SMC electrophoresis of a chloride/iodine/bromine hydrogen sulphide brine of the Uva spa, the other standard medicamentous therapy. The former method was found to be more efficacious than the latter for the management of irritated bowel syndrome. Positive effects of SMC electrophoreis justify its recommendation as monotherpy for the treatment of the given pathology.

Protein CTC from Aquifex aeolicus possesses a full-sized 5S rRNA-binding domain.

Ribosomal 5S RNA is the only identified target for proteins of the CTC family. All known proteins of this family, except for CTC from Aquifex aeolicus, contain a full-sized 5S rRNA-binding domain. In the present study a mistake in the published A. aeolicus genome is corrected. It has been demonstrated that the ctc gene of this organism encodes the protein with a full-length 5S rRNA-binding domain. This protein binds specifically to the bacterial 5S rRNA. Thereby, our data show that CTC A. aeolicus is not an exception from the other known CTC proteins.

5S rRNA-recognition module of CTC family proteins and its evolution.

The effects of amino acid replacements in the RNA-binding sites of homologous ribosomal proteins TL5 and L25 (members of the CTC family) on ability of these proteins to form stable complexes with ribosomal 5S RNA were studied. It was shown that even three simultaneous replacements of non-conserved amino acid residues by alanine in the RNA-binding site of TL5 did not result in noticeable decrease in stability of the TL5-5S rRNA complex. However, any replacement among five conserved residues in the RNA-binding site of TL5, as well as of L25 resulted in serious destabilization or complete impossibility of complex formation. These five residues form an RNA-recognition module in TL5 and L25. These residues are strictly conserved in proteins of the CTC family. However, there are several cases of natural replacements of these residues in TL5 and L25 homologs in Bacilli and Cyanobacteria, which are accompanied by certain changes in the CTC-binding site of 5S rRNAs of the corresponding organisms. CTC proteins and specific fragments of 5S rRNA of Enterococcus faecalis and Nostoc sp. were isolated, and their ability to form specific complexes was tested. It was found that these proteins formed specific complexes only with 5S rRNA of the same organism. This is an example of coevolution of the structures of two interacting macromolecules.

Bacterial 5S rRNA-binding proteins of the CTC family.

The presence of CTC family proteins is a unique feature of bacterial cells. In the CTC family, there are true ribosomal proteins (found in ribosomes of exponentially growing cells), and at the same time there are also proteins temporarily associated with the ribosome (they are produced by the cells under stress only and incorporate into the ribosome). One feature is common for these proteins - they specifically bind to 5S rRNA. In this review, the history of investigations of the best known representatives of this family is described briefly. Structural organization of the CTC family proteins and their occurrence among known taxonomic bacterial groups are discussed. Structural features of 5S rRNA and CTC protein are described that predetermine their specific interaction. Taking into account the position of a CTC protein and its intermolecular contacts in the ribosome, a possible role of its complex with 5S rRNA in ribosome functioning is discussed.

[Characteristics of collagen metabolism in duodenal ulcer].

We studied the content of collagen metabolites in patients with duodenal ulcer (blood plasma, urea, and samples of the duodenal mucous tunic and mouth fluid). We also defined the role of an affected collagen metabolism in the formation and cicatrization of duodenal ulcer; finally, we ascertained that the nature of the detected changes in different biological substrate is unidirectional.

General stress protein CTC from Bacillus subtilis specifically binds to ribosomal 5S RNA.

Two recombinant proteins of the CTC family were prepared: the general stress protein CTC from Bacillus subtilis and its homolog from Aquifex aeolicus. The general stress protein CTC from B. subtilis forms a specific complex with 5S rRNA and its stable fragment of 60 nucleotides, which contains internal loop E. The ribosomal protein TL5 from Thermus thermophilus, which binds with high affinity to 5S rRNA in the loop E region, was also shown to replace the CTC protein from B. subtilis in its complexes with 5S rRNA and its fragment. The findings suggest that the protein CTC from B. subtilis binds to the same site on 5S rRNA as the protein TL5. The protein CTC from A. aeolicus, which is 50 amino acid residues shorter from the N-terminus than the proteins TL5 from T. thermophilus and CTC from B. subtilis, does not interact with 5S rRNA.

[The duodenal epithelium in duodenal diseases]. / Sostoianie duodenal'nogo épiteliia pri zabolevaniiakh dvenadtsatiperstnoi kishki.

The purpose of the study was to define duodenal epithelial function in duodenal diseases and to assess the potentialities of correction of detected dysfunctions. The electrical properties (EPs) of the duodenal epithelium were explored in patients with primary chronic duodenitis, duodenal peptic ulcer (DPU) on an exacerbation and in the late postoperative period after selective proximal vagotomy. Mucosal biopsy specimens were obtained at fibrogastroduodenoscopy with biopsy forceps and placed in a sign-alternating field with the parameters, adequate bioelectric epitheliocytic characteristics: 28 V at a voltage sign change rate of 1 Hz, and a current strength of 200 microA. Bioelectrical cell reactions (nuclear fluctuation amplitude) were recorded by light microscopy using a MOB-1A ocular micrometer at minutes 10, 30, and 60 of the onset of electrical field action. A significant reduction was found in the amplitude of duodenal epithelial nuclear fluctuations in the examinees, which was most pronounced in DPU on an exacerbation. Duodenal epithelial EPs were shown to undergo regular changes during therapy and may serve as an additional test in evaluating the efficiency of therapy.

[SMC-electrophoresis of peat mud in the treatment of patients with duodenal ulcer in outpatient care unit]. / Opyt lecheniia bol'nykh iazvennoi bolezn'iu dvenadtsatiperstnoi kishki CMT-élektroforezom torfianoi lechebnoi griazi v usloviiakh dnevnogo statsionara.

To study collagen metabolism in reparative regeneration of duodenal ulcer in response to peat mud electrophoresis of Uva sanatorium using sinusoidal modulated currents (SMC) as monotherapy in a day hospital, 82 duodenal ulcer patients in exacerbation or attenuation were examined. They received SMC-electrophoresis of peat mud diluted by sulfate sodium-calcium mineral water Uvinskaya of moderate mineralization. The dynamics of clinico-endoscopic and morphological picture of the disease was controlled with fibrogastroduodenoscopy with target biopsy of the periulcer zone and antral stomach, investigation of secretory and acid-producing function of the stomach, hormone profile and collagen metabolism. Positive changes were found attributed to favourable shifts in the hormone status and normalization of collagen metabolism in duodenal mucosa.

[Dynamics of the morphofunctional status of digestive organs in patients with chronic gastroduodenitis during monotherapy with sulfate sodium-calcium mineral water]. / Dinamika morfofunktsional'nogo sostoianiia organov pishchevareniia u bol'nykh khronicheskim gastroduodenitom pri monoterapii sul'fatnoi natrievo-kal'tsievoi mineral'noi vodoi.

The authors describe morphofunctional changes in gastroduodenal tract in patients with chronic gastroduodenitis. Some of them have previously undergone laparoscopic cholecystectomy for cholelithiasis. Balneotherapy with mineral water "Uvinskaya" has a good effect in the above disease and therefore is recommended for prevention and treatment of patients with chronic gastroduodenitis as well as for prevention of repeated cholelithiasis after cholecystectomy.

[Riboxine effectiveness in combined treatment of chronic atrophic gastritis]. / Obosnovanie primeneniia riboksina v kompleksnoi terapii khronicheskogo atroficheskogo gastrita.

The authors present results of combined treatment of 60 patients with chronic atrophic gastritis with riboxine. A favorable effect was registered on clinical symptoms, acid-forming function, ultrastructure of gastric mucosa. The above positive effects of riboxine make it useful in combined treatment of chronic atrophic gastritis.

[The treatment of patients with chronic cholecystitis and hypomotor biliary dyskinesia at a sanatorium]. / Lechenie bol'nykh khronicheskim kholetsistitom s gipomotornoi diskineziei zhelchevyvodiashchikh putei v sanatorii.

Efficacy of spa treatment with moderately mineralized mineral water from the spring utilized by balneological sanatorium Uva in the Republic of Udmurtia was studied in 524 patients with chronic atrophic gastritis concomitant with chronic cholecystitis and hypokinesia of the biliary ducts. Drinking water proved beneficial for hepatobiliary tract, clinical symptoms regressed, the ability of the gallbladder to concentrate and expel bile improved.