Vitrification with DAP 213 and cryotop of ex situ and in situ feline cumulus-oocyte complexes.

This study was undertaken to compare cryotolerance, in terms of viability and resumption of meiosis after warming and culture (24 and 48 h), of ex situ (isolated) and in situ (enclosed in the ovarian tissue) feline cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs) vitrified with DAP 213 (2 m DMSO, 1 m acetamide, 3 m propylene glycol) in cryotubes or Cryotop method. Ovaries were harvested from 49 pubertal queens. Of each pair of ovaries, one was dissected to release COCs randomly divided into three groups: fresh COCs (control), ex situ COCs vitrified with DAP 213 and Cryotop. The cortex of the other ovary was sectioned into small fragments (approximately 1.5 mm(3)) and randomly assigned to be vitrified by DAP 213 or Cryotop. After warming, ex situ and in situ (retrieved form vitrified ovarian tissue) COCs were matured in vitro. Viability of oocytes was highly preserved after warming and culture in all treatments. Proportions of oocytes surrounded by complete layers of viable cumulus cells were remarkably decreased (p < 0.00001) in both vitrification procedures compared to fresh oocytes. Resumption of meiosis occurred in all treatments. After 24 h of culture, results were similar in ex situ and in situ vitrified oocytes regardless of the vitrification protocol used (range 29-40%), albeit lower (p < 0.05) than those of fresh oocytes (65.8%). After 48 h of culture, ex situ oocytes vitrified with Cryotop achieved the rates of meiosis resumption similar to fresh oocytes (53.8% vs 67.5%; p > 0.05) and ex situ and in situ oocytes vitrified with DAP 213 showed similar rates of resumption of meiosis. These findings demonstrated that DAP 213 and Cryotop preserve the viability of ex situ and in situ oocytes, but cumulus cells are highly susceptible to vitrification. However, the capability to resume meiosis evidences that feline immature oocytes vitrified as isolated or enclosed in the ovarian cortex have comparable cryotolerance.

Quantitative morphology of experimental fibrosis in canine pancreas after laser tunneling.

Dogs with experimental fibrosing pancreatitis were subjected to laser tunneling to assess its effect on the dynamics of some morphometric indices of the pancreas. On post-tunneling day 60, volume ratio of the parenchyma significantly increased while the volume ratio of the stroma decreased in comparison to the dogs with fibrosing pancreatitis not corrected by laser tunneling.

Changed morphine sensitivity of morphine-dependent rats after laser exposure of the cerebral prefrontal cortex.

We studied the effect of bilateral laser exposure of the cerebral prefrontal cortex in morphine-dependent rats on their sensitivity to positive reinforcing and toxic effect of morphine. Laser exposure led to partial deafferentation of the cingulum. Exposure of the anterior and central areas of the prefrontal cortex stimulated self-administration of low morphine doses and had no effect on self-administration of high concentrations. Exposure of the posterior area of the prefrontal cortex did not appreciably change self-administration of medium and low morphine doses, but self-administration of high doses significantly increased. Exposure of the anterior area of the prefrontal cortex significantly decreased the sensitivity to the positive reinforcing effect of morphine. Exposure of the posterior prefrontal cortex decreased the sensitivity to the toxic effect of morphine.

Effect of destruction of gyrus cinguli in rat brain on the development of tolerance to the analgesic effect of morphine and physical dependence on morphine.

We studied the effect of bilateral laser destruction of rat anterior cingulate gyrus on the analgesic effect of morphine and development of tolerance and physical dependence on morphine. Bilateral laser destruction of the anterior cingulate gyrus did not modulate pain sensitivity, analgesic effect of morphine, and development of morphine tolerance. Destruction of the cingulate gyrus alleviated symptoms of the abstinence syndrome in morphine-dependent animals. We showed that morphine-induced analgesia and morphine tolerance are not associated with activity of the anterior cingulate gyrus. However, this structure plays a key role in the development of physical dependence on morphine and abstinence syndrome.

[Pathophysiologic mechanisms of tissue revascularization using high intensity laser exposure]. / Patofiziologicheskii mekhanizm revaskuliarizatsii tkanei s pomoshch'iu vozdeistviia vysokointensivnogo lazernogo izlucheniia.

Satellite cellular populations (mast cells, blood platelets and fibroblasts) were found to be the promoters in forming the new vessels. When irradiated by laser, the mentioned cells act as the main source for the angiogenic growth factors and matrix metalloproteinases, which comprehensively stimulate the proliferation and migration of endothelial and smooth-muscle vascular cells. Neo-angiogenesis, in response to the laser impact, is a stereotype, adaptive reaction of tissues to laser damage irrespective of a tissue type.

Brain effects of TMS delivered over prefrontal cortex in depressed adults: role of stimulation frequency and coil-cortex distance.

Relative regional brain blood flow was measured in 23 clinically depressed adults by using ECD SPECT at baseline and again during actual prefrontal transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) following 5 daily sessions of TMS. TMS over prefrontal cortex caused increased activity in cortex directly under the stimulation (inversely correlated with distance from scalp to cortex) and decreased activity in remote regions (anterior cingulate and anterior temporal poles). High-frequency rTMS (20 Hz) caused more relative flow immediately below the TMS coil than did low-frequency rTMS (5 Hz). Confirming the hypotheses tested, repeated daily TMS over the prefrontal cortex in medication-free depressed adults appears to change both local and remote blood flow in a manner that may also depend on the frequency of stimulation and coil to outer cortex distance.

Experimental laser destruction of trigeminal sensory root.

The possibility of local laser destruction of the trigeminal sensory root by a puncture technique is demonstrated. A fibrous scar was formed on a limited area of the trigeminal root. There were no signs of axonal regeneration, posttraumatic neuroma, or considerable changes in the Meckel sinus.

[Experimental-morphological and clinical results of laser destruction of adenohypophysis]. / Eksperimental'no-morfologicheskie i klinicheskie rezul'taty lazernoi destruktsii adenogipofiza.

Feasibility of focal adenohypophysis destruction by Nd:YAG laser is experimentally proven. The destruction is not followed by considerable damage of other structures of the hypothalamus-hypophysis region. It is established that the focus of coagulation necrosis produced by laser radiation is replaced by scar tissue. A surgical treatment of hypophysis adenoma surgical treatment is proposed. Its effectiveness, safety and low traumatism were confirmed at its clinical trial.

[Mechanism of laser radiation action at tissue and cellular levels]. / Mekhanizm deistviia lazernogo oblucheniia na tkanevom i kletochnom urovniakh.

The paper describes the action of low-intensity laser radiation (LILR) and high-intensity one (HILR) on biological tissues. LILR produces its action on cells by changing the membranous formations-receptors and ion channels. At cardiac surgery, HILR stimulates uncontractile myocardial elements, by inducing the secretion of biologically active substances and the activation of enzyme systems that ensure the implementation of neoangiogenesis in the ischemic myocardium.

Experimental and clinical aspects of laser destruction of adenohypophysis.

Focal destruction of the adenohypophysis by Nd:YAG laser does not destroy other structures of the hypothalamo-pituitary region. During reparative regeneration, the focus of coagulation necrosis after laser destruction of the adenohypophysis is replaced by cicatricial tissue. A method for surgical treatment of pituitary adenomas was developed. The efficiency, safety, and low traumatism of this method were confirmed in 87 patients.

[Experimental, morphological and clinical aspects of transmyocardial laser revascularization]. / Eksperimental'no-morfologicheskie i klinicheskie aspekty transmiokardial'noi lazernoi revaskuliarizatsii.

Experimental, pathomorphological and clinical data substantiating use of transmyocardial laser revascularisation in the treatment of coronary heart disease (CHD) are presented. It is shown that the objective criterion of clinical efficacy of transmyocardial laser revascularisation in 58 patients with CHD is an increase of myocardial perfusion due to neoangiogenesis. This leads to improvement of cardiac function and general state of the patients. Surgical intervention has no substantial influence on contractile function of left ventricular myocardium in patients with CHD.

[Clinico-morphologic results of laser myocardial revascularization in ischemic heart disease]. / Kliniko-morfologicheskie rezul'taty lazernoi revaskuliarizatsii miokarda pri ishemicheskoi bolezni serdtsa.

Transmyocardial laser revascularization was applied in 58 patients with ischemic heart disease. The objective criterion of the method efficiency was an increase in myocardium perfusion due to newly formed blood vessels under influence of laser irradiation. The laser treatment has improved cardiac function and general condition of the patients. The surgery did not exert considerable influence on the contractile capacity of the myocardium in the patients treated.

[Clinical picture and diagnosis of subdural hematomas in children]. / O klinike i diagnostike subdural'nykh gematom u detei.

Thirty-six children, aged from 5 months to 14 years, with subdural haemorrhages are discussed. In 31 the hemorrhages were of a traumatic character, in 5 their origin was unknown. The authors draw the conclusion that the course of subdural hematomas in children is marked by peculiarities which often make the clinical diagnosis difficult. Examination of the cerebrospinal fluid, echo-encephalography, and angiography helped in all these cases to identify the character of the process and its localization properly. All children underwent operation with a satisfactory outcome.