RESUMEN
AIM: the aim of our study was to identify of structural transformations in the thymus and lymph nodes at the early stages of the development of an experimental prostate cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Experiments were performed on 60 adult male CBA mice weighing 28-30 g. An experimental model of a prostate cancer was created by inoculating a diluted cell strain of Ehrlich Ascites Carcinoma cells into the prostatic parenchyma through midline laparotomy under ether anesthesia. The animals were divided into three groups of 20 each: 1) control (intact animals) 2) animals on the 5th day of experimental prostate tumor growth and 3) animals on the 18th day of experimental prostate tumor growth. The pathological examination of the prostate, thymus, and pelvic lymph nodes was performed. The selection of structural components and cellular elements in the thymus and lymph nodes was carried out according to the International histological nomenclature. RESULTS: According to the results, there was an increase in the percentage of connective tissue elements and glandular tissue increased in the thymus and the number of immunoblasts increased on the 5th day of the experiment. However, disorganization of the thymus structure was detected on the 18th day as well as an increase in the cortical substance, the number of epithelial reticular cells and decrease in the number of immunoblasts. On the 5th day, paracortical hyperplasia, sinus histiocytosis and activation of the blast transformation were detected in lymphatic nodes. On the 18th day, metastases, follicular reaction and activation of the transport function were determined. CONCLUSION: Our data suggest that the accidental thymus involution and impairment of transport and immune functions of pelvic lymph nodes in experimental prostate cancer. The severity of disturbances depends on the stage of prostate carcinogenesis.
Asunto(s)
Carcinogénesis , Metástasis Linfática , Neoplasias de la Próstata , Adulto , Animales , Humanos , Metástasis Linfática/patología , Masculino , Ratones , Ratones Endogámicos CBA , Neoplasias de la Próstata/patologíaRESUMEN
Presented herein are the findings of studying the peculiarities of the systemic and regional haemodynamics in patients with obliterating atherosclerosis of the arteries of the lower limbs. We examined a total of 186 patients with stage I-IV chronic arterial ischaemia of the lower extremities using the following methods: computer-assisted TV microscopy of the vessels of the conjunctiva of the eyeball and of the skin of the lower limbs, laser Doppler flowmetry (LDF) and transcutaneous determination of oxygen tension. Revealed were: spastic, congestive, Presented herein are the findings of studying the peculiarities of the systemic and regional haemodynamics in patients with obliterating atherosclerosis of the arteries of the lower limbs. We examined a total of 186 patients with stage I-IV chronic arterial ischaemia of the lower extremities using the following methods: computer-assisted TV microscopy of the vessels of the conjunctiva of the eyeball and of the skin of the lower limbs, laser Doppler flowmetry (LDF) and transcutaneous determination of oxygen tension. Revealed were: spastic, congestive, spastic-atonic and stasic forms of microcirculatory disorders. It was determined that microcirculatory disorders in obliterating atherosclerosis of the lower limbs are systemic, to be revealed both in the extremities affected and in the conjunctiva of the eyeball. A pathophysiologically substantiated classification of microcirculatory disorders is proposed herein.
Asunto(s)
Isquemia/fisiopatología , Extremidad Inferior/irrigación sanguínea , Extremidad Inferior/fisiopatología , Adulto , Anciano , Enfermedad Crónica , Femenino , Humanos , Isquemia/diagnóstico , Flujometría por Láser-Doppler , Masculino , Microcirculación/fisiología , Persona de Mediana Edad , Índice de Severidad de la EnfermedadAsunto(s)
Flujometría por Láser-Doppler , Piel/irrigación sanguínea , Fenómenos Biofísicos , Biofisica , Velocidad del Flujo Sanguíneo/fisiología , Presión Sanguínea/fisiología , Movimiento Celular/fisiología , Eritrocitos/fisiología , Análisis de Fourier , Humanos , Flujometría por Láser-Doppler/estadística & datos numéricos , Microcirculación/fisiología , Pulso ArterialRESUMEN
Experiments were conducted with CO2 and AIG laser on neodymium to study the condition of microcirculation and the degree of its disturbance in the wall of the small intestine in formation of a laser "welded" entero-enteral and termino-terminal anastomosis. The microcirculatory disorders and their extent were found to be directly dependent on the degree of the thermal effect and the width of the coagulation zone in the region of the suture. The results of the experiment confirmed that the suggested powers of the laser effect on the intestinal wall were optimal.
Asunto(s)
Anastomosis Quirúrgica , Intestino Delgado/cirugía , Terapia por Láser , Microcirculación , Microcirugia , Animales , Capilares/cirugía , Intestino Delgado/irrigación sanguínea , ConejosRESUMEN
In 30 mammalian species specific peculiarities of the arterial structure has been revealed and their dependence on the type of the brain blood supply has been demonstrated. The architectonics of the blood supply sources is correlated with the structure of the wall in the arteries, immediately participating in dumping the blood stream during its transport to the brain.
Asunto(s)
Animales Domésticos/anatomía & histología , Animales Salvajes/anatomía & histología , Tronco Encefálico/irrigación sanguínea , Arteria Carótida Interna/anatomía & histología , Arterias Cerebrales/anatomía & histología , Mamíferos/anatomía & histología , Lóbulo Occipital/irrigación sanguínea , Arteria Vertebral/anatomía & histología , Animales , Humanos , Especificidad de la Especie , Coloración y Etiquetado/métodosRESUMEN
The alterations taking place in the microvessels of the rat mesentery and liver under a photodynamic effect, were studied. Excitation of a photosensitizer injected preliminarily in the organism led to aggregation of thrombocytes in the lumen of hepatic and mesenteric microvessels until a complete obturation of the lumen. The dependence of the thrombocyte aggregate size on the duration of the photodynamic effect had a linear character whereas the photodynamic effect depended on the dosage of the photosensitizer. The level of fluorescence from the surface of the liver was found to decrease from the beginning of the photodynamic effect and become stable in hemostasis.
Asunto(s)
Fotorradiación con Hematoporfirina , Agregación Plaquetaria/efectos de los fármacos , Animales , Hígado/irrigación sanguínea , Hígado/efectos de los fármacos , Mesenterio/irrigación sanguínea , Mesenterio/efectos de los fármacos , Microcirculación/efectos de los fármacos , Microscopía Fluorescente , RatasRESUMEN
Microcirculation in the patient's foot skin with different stages of arterial ischemia, was examined with the aid of TV-capillaroscopy, laser dopplerography, polarography of transcutaneous oxygen tension. The effect of semiconductor laser (wave length 0.98 mcm) on microcirculation system was studied. The dependence of capillary blood flow on the transcutaneous oxygen tension was determined. The laser therapy proved to be successful in the patients with the II and III stages of arterial ischemia.
Asunto(s)
Isquemia/radioterapia , Terapia por Láser , Pierna/irrigación sanguínea , Adulto , Anciano , Arteriosclerosis Obliterante/fisiopatología , Arteriosclerosis Obliterante/radioterapia , Estudios de Evaluación como Asunto , Humanos , Isquemia/fisiopatología , Pierna/efectos de la radiación , Microcirculación/fisiopatología , Microcirculación/efectos de la radiación , Persona de Mediana Edad , Uñas/irrigación sanguínea , Uñas/efectos de la radiación , Tromboangitis Obliterante/fisiopatología , Tromboangitis Obliterante/radioterapia , Dedos del PieRESUMEN
It was shown in experiments on white rats, that intravenous and direct myocardium helium-neon laser irradiation leads to the some activation of lactate, glucose-6-phosphate, succinate and reduced NAD degydrogenases. During direct myocardium irradiation these changes are in a less degree. It is suggested that helium-neon laser irradiation displays some active influence on the energy metabolism enzymes of the myocardium, and the mechanisms of this action are discussed.
Asunto(s)
Metabolismo Energético/efectos de la radiación , Corazón/efectos de la radiación , Rayos Láser , Miocardio/enzimología , Animales , Ciclo del Ácido Cítrico/efectos de la radiación , Glucólisis/efectos de la radiación , Histocitoquímica , Masculino , Oxidación-Reducción/efectos de la radiación , RatasRESUMEN
Functional manifestations of biological ultradian rhythms in the adrenal cortex were first confirmed on the cytologic level. The cycle of the ultradian rhythm in the cells of the adrenal cortex fascicular zone consisted was determined to involve three phases: accumulation of lipids, delipoidization, and the rest period. A definite volume of cells and their nuclei, certain nuclear-cytoplasmic relations, the number of liposomes and mitochondria on the square unit are characteristic of each phase. The activity of cells is especially high during the second phase which is characterized by the increase in nuclear sizes and nuclear-cytoplasmatic relations, by the decrease in cell volume and in the number of liposomes in their cytoplasm; this is indicative of the rised synthesis and secretion of hormones. It is underlined that the cell volume increases when liposomes are accumulated in the cytoplasm to decrease upon their disappearance.
Asunto(s)
Corteza Suprarrenal/ultraestructura , Ritmo Circadiano , Corteza Suprarrenal/irrigación sanguínea , Animales , Núcleo Celular/ultraestructura , Citoplasma/ultraestructura , Femenino , Lípidos/fisiología , Liposomas , Microscopía Electrónica , Ratas , Flujo Sanguíneo Regional , Factores de TiempoRESUMEN
Three phases have been detected in the fascicular zone of the white rat adrenal cortex. During the first phase (normoemia) blood stream is rather moderate, lipids accumulate in adrenocorticocytes. This results in increase of their volume and in decrease of nuclear-cytoplasmic relations. The second phase (functional hyperemia) is characterized with an elevated blood stream and plethora, maximal parameters of nuclear volume and nuclear-cytoplasmic relations, decreasing content of lipids and volume of adrenocorticocytes. During the third phase (functional hypoemia) parameters characterising intensity of blood stream, nuclear volume and nuclear-cytoplasmic relations decrease.
Asunto(s)
Corteza Suprarrenal/anatomía & histología , Corteza Suprarrenal/metabolismo , Circulación Sanguínea/fisiología , Metabolismo de los Lípidos , Zona Fascicular/anatomía & histología , Corteza Suprarrenal/irrigación sanguínea , Animales , Capilares/fisiología , Femenino , Ratas , Flujo Sanguíneo Regional , Zona Fascicular/irrigación sanguínea , Zona Fascicular/metabolismoRESUMEN
Hypokinesia (Hk) lasting for 150 days has been modelling on Wistar male rats by means of their holding in special boxes. After decapitation in 10, 20, 50, 100 and 150 days the muscles of their extremities have been studied, using stereological methods. At Hk, especially for 50 days, inhibition of morphogenesis of ultrastructures and development of certain pathological processes are noted in the muscles with their preponderance in red fibers. Laser puncture stimulates formation of the ultrastructures responsible for contraction and energy supply and sharply decreases development of the destructive processes in muscle fiber, thus providing a satisfactory endurance of hypokinesia.
Asunto(s)
Terapia por Acupuntura , Inmovilización , Rayos Láser , Músculos/ultraestructura , Animales , Biometría , Masculino , Microscopía Electrónica , Mitocondrias Musculares/ultraestructura , Miofibrillas/ultraestructura , Ratas , Factores de TiempoRESUMEN
Increase of capillaries blood volume, nuclear mass and nuclear cytoplasmic relationship and decrease of lipid content and adrenocortical sizes were determined in superficial adrenocortical layers on helium-neon LAZER irradiation of uncovered left adrenal glands in white female rats. It was confirmed by corticosteroid function increase. Similar morphometric changes were identified all over adrenocortical bundles on arsenate-helium irradiation of covered left adrenal gland from the back of the animal. According to obtained results LAZER irradiation may be recommended to use for functional stimulation of adrenal cortex.
Asunto(s)
Corteza Suprarrenal/efectos de la radiación , Rayos Láser , Corteza Suprarrenal/anatomía & histología , Corteza Suprarrenal/fisiología , Animales , Arseniatos , Femenino , Helio , Microcirculación/efectos de la radiación , Neón , RatasRESUMEN
In 261 girls year-to-year morphofunctional transformations of spatial composition of the skin microcirculatory bed have been studied at rest and after a dynamic local load. By means of biomicroscopy main regularities in development of the skin capillary network have been revealed in the nail torus in the postnatal ontogenesis. Formation of the microvessels reactivity during various age periods and maturation of mechanisms of the compensatory-adaptive reactions are connected with formation of the definitive composition of the microcirculatory bed, that in girls corresponds to 11-12 years. Qualitative transformations in the skin capillary network bring certain quantitative changes in the structural microcirculatory parameters--increasing diameter of microvessels and increasing density of functioning capillaries.
Asunto(s)
Envejecimiento , Piel/irrigación sanguínea , Adolescente , Envejecimiento/fisiología , Niño , Preescolar , Femenino , Hemodinámica/fisiología , Humanos , Microcirculación/anatomía & histología , Microcirculación/fisiología , Esfuerzo Físico/fisiología , Maduración Sexual/fisiología , Vasoconstricción/fisiología , Vasodilatación/fisiologíaRESUMEN
In the experiments on the volunteers it has been shown that the method of dynamic radiothermography is quite sensitive for measurement of temperature fluctuations in human body. This method makes it possible to register the changes of the temperature in inner organs using the probes placed on body surface. Some volunteers drank hot or cold water, some volunteers drank glucose solution, others got the dose of low laser radiation upon the liver. In the case of cold water liver temperature fell, in all other cases liver temperature rose. The results of the dynamic radiothermography of human liver allow us to suppose that low laser radiation of this organ leads to the stimulation of liver blood flow.
Asunto(s)
Hígado , Radiometría , Termografía , Adulto , Temperatura Corporal , Frío , Ingestión de Líquidos , Glucosa , Humanos , Terapia por Láser , Circulación Hepática , Masculino , AguaRESUMEN
The sensitivity of rat's microvessels of microcirculatory bed of brain's pia matter was studied by helium-neon laser radiation. Changes in the reactivity by the microscopy findings were studied on the 7, 30, 45, 60, 90th days of animals postnatal development. Laser radiation was used during 30 min. Local changes in all components of the microcirculatory bed were fixed. It is mentioned that in adult rat the expressiveness of arteriole's local widening reaction in the radiated place reduces, but the degree of the reduction is below or over the radiated place, on the contrary, increases. The arteriole diameter in 30-day old rats increases to 59% in comparison to the initial level, and 90th day old animals--to 16%. The degree of reaction's expressiveness depends upon the microvessel diameter and the animal's age.
Asunto(s)
Rayos Láser , Piamadre/irrigación sanguínea , Envejecimiento , Animales , Arteriolas/diagnóstico por imagen , Microcirculación/diagnóstico por imagen , Microcirculación/efectos de la radiación , Radiografía , RatasRESUMEN
Changes in microvascular reactivity in pia mater system have been studied under conditions of bilateral occlusion of common carotid arteries in rats of different age groups. The studies were performed on the 7th, 30th, 45th and 90th day of the postnatal development. The occlusion of common carotid arteries lasted 6 min in week-old animals and 9 min in rats of other age groups. The phase character of microvascular reactivity has been determined. It has been found that dilation of arterioles depends on the age of the animal. So dilation of precortical arterioles averaged 20-25% of the initial level in 7-day-old animals and increased to 60-75% in 30- and 45-day-old animals. It has been determined that the smaller is the diameter of the vessels the more expressed is their reactivity. It has been shown that a steady reaction of compensatory adaptation in microvessels in characteristic only of adult animals.