RESUMEN
The Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, St. Anne's University Hospital in Brno, and Faculty of Medicine of Masaryk University, Brno, has a long history of surgical treatment of lymphedema and elephantiasis, which started in 1970s. There were many types of surgeries described and performed at our department - starting with prof. Barinka's radical operation of elephantiasis, then lower limb end-to-side lymphovenous anastomosis pulled through the wall to the great saphenous vein, and genital lymphedema reduction. We call this era "the first period" of surgical lymphedema treatment. "The second period" started in 2016 by using free flaps with lymph nodes or vascularized lymph nodes and using microsurgical techniques of end-to-end, end-to-side and side-to-end lymphovenous anastomoses to the subcutaneous veins of a small calibre, which then drain the lymph into the blood stream. "The third period" started 2 years ago after the visit of prof. Yang from Taiwan - we started to use the method of single stitch end-to-side anastomosis to big subcutaneous veins like the great saphenous vein or the cephalic vein.
Asunto(s)
Hospitales Universitarios , Linfedema , Humanos , Historia del Siglo XX , Linfedema/cirugía , Historia del Siglo XXI , Cirugía Plástica/historia , Procedimientos de Cirugía Plástica/métodos , Italia , Anastomosis QuirúrgicaRESUMEN
Surgically perforated stomach (since direct injury in rats until persisting defect and huge adhesions (day 1, day 7)) fairly represent an unresolved cytoprotection issue, and thereby, we focused resolving of the immediate triad, particular vascular failure (vessels 'disappear'/empty), prolonged bleeding, debilitated defect large widening. Agents (mg/kg) or saline (controls) were given at 1 min post-injury as an abdominal bath (10 ml/rat throughout 2 min). Within 1 - 15 min post-injury period, with cytoprotective BPC 157 (0.01 µg), the rapidly restored vessels 'run' (vessels filled/reappeared) toward the perforated defect, and there is less bleeding, and defect contraction; advanced perforated lesion healing (day 1) to complete healing (day 7), and less adhesions. With pantoprazole (10 mg), early (vessels (worsening), bleeding (prolongation), defect (attenuated widening)) effect means eventual lesions and adhesions severity as in controls. Ranitidine (10 mg) early effect (vessels (improvement), bleeding (less bleeding), defect (eliminated widening, defect not changed)) means final lesions attenuation, but not complete healing, less adhesions. L-NAME (5 mg) early (vessels worsening, less bleeding, attenuated defect widening) and final (lesions aggravation, more adhesions) effect, versus L-arginine (100 mg) early (vessels improvement, more bleeding, attenuated defect widening) and final (lesions attenuation, less adhesions) effect, combined few simultaneously occurring nitric oxide (NO)-system distinct processes. Finally, in the stomach tissue surrounding defect, increased malondialdehyde (MDA)- and decreased NO-values, BPC 157 reversed to the normal healthy values, and mRNA expression studies (Cox2, VEGFa, Nos1, Nos 2, Nos3, Nkap (NF-kappa-B-activating protein gene)), done at that very early post-perforation-time, indicate a way how BPC 157 may act beneficially in the perforated stomach lesion throughout NO- and prostaglandinds-system.
Asunto(s)
Óxido Nítrico , Gastropatías , Animales , Arginina/farmacología , Arginina/uso terapéutico , Citoprotección , Hemorragia , NG-Nitroarginina Metil Éster , Óxido Nítrico/metabolismo , Pantoprazol/farmacología , Pantoprazol/uso terapéutico , Fragmentos de Péptidos , Proteínas , Ranitidina , Ratas , Ratas WistarRESUMEN
Allele frequencies of 15 STR loci (D8S1179, D21S11, D7S820, CSF1PO, D3S1358, TH01, D13S317, D16S539, D2S1338, D19S433, vWA, TPOX, D18S51, D5S818, and FGA) were determined in a sample of 163 unrelated individuals from the Republic of Macedonia. AmpFISTR Identifiler Kit (Applied Biosystems) was used for PCR amplification. For all 15 loci, the combined matching chance is 6.6 x 10(18) and the power of exclusion is 99.999954%.
Asunto(s)
Frecuencia de los Genes , Genética de Población , Secuencias Repetidas en Tándem , Dermatoglifia del ADN , Humanos , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa , República de Macedonia del NorteRESUMEN
Indices of disturbed serotonergic neurotransmission are the most robust biological findings in suicide. Tryptophan hydroxylase (TPH) and 5-hydroxytryptamine transporter (5HTt) are the main regulators of 5HT signaling. Owing to the assumed functionality of intronic polymorphisms of TPH (218AC) and 5HTt (VNTR-2) genes, we investigated frequencies of concurrence of the TPH and 5HTt genotypes containing "lower activity" alleles (CC and 1010, respectively), in 192 suicide victims and 377 controls. Significant differences in frequencies of 5HTt and TPH genotype combinations were found between suicide victims and control subjects (p = 0.0156), with a clear dose-effect of the suspected ("lower activity") genotypes (p = 0.0046). Concurrent presence of the two, allegedly transcriptionally less active, variants of these genes seems to be in some kind of relation to the increased susceptibility to suicide.
Asunto(s)
Proteínas Portadoras/genética , Predisposición Genética a la Enfermedad , Intrones/genética , Glicoproteínas de Membrana/genética , Proteínas de Transporte de Membrana , Proteínas del Tejido Nervioso/genética , Polimorfismo Genético , Suicidio , Triptófano Hidroxilasa/genética , Croacia , Femenino , Genotipo , Humanos , Masculino , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa , Proteínas de Transporte de Serotonina en la Membrana Plasmática , Suicidio/etnologíaRESUMEN
The 15 AmpF lSTR Identifiler loci (D8S1179, D21S11, D7S820, CSF1PO, D3S1358, TH01, D13S317, D16S539, D2S1338, D19S433, VWA, TPOX, D18S51, D5S818 and FGA) were analyzed in the sample of 100 unrelated, autochthonous healthy adult Serbians from Novi Sad (Vojvodina Province, Serbia and Montenegro). The agreement with HWE was confirmed for all loci with the exception of D7S820 (based on the chi2-test only). The combined power of discrimination (PD) and the combined power of exclusion (PE) for the 15 tested STR loci were 0.99999999999999995 and 0.9999990, respectively. According to the presented data, D2S1338 and D18S51 are the most informative markers. Based on allelic frequencies and statistical parameters for forensic testing, it may be suggested that the AmpF lSTR Identifiler detection system represents a powerful strategy for individual identification and parentage analysis in the Serbian population.
Asunto(s)
Genética de Población , Secuencias Repetidas en Tándem , Adulto , ADN/sangre , Dermatoglifia del ADN/métodos , Bases de Datos de Ácidos Nucleicos , Frecuencia de los Genes , Genotipo , Humanos , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa , YugoslaviaRESUMEN
The PowerPlex 16 amplification kit was used for the analysis of allele frequencies for the 15 STR loci (D3S1358, TH01, D21S11, D18S51, Penta E, D5S818, D13S317, D7S820, D16S539, CSF1PO, Penta D, VWA, D8S1179, TPOX and FGA) in unrelated, autochthonous healthy adults from Bosnia ( n=123 for TH01, Penta E, D16S539, CSF1PO, Penta D and TPOX, n=210 for D3S1358, D21S11, D18S51, D5S818, D13S317, D7S820, VWA, D8S1179 and FGA). The agreement with HWE was confirmed for all loci with the exception of Penta D (based on the chi(2)-test only). The combined power of discrimination (PD) and the combined power of exclusion (PE) for the 15 studied loci were 0.999999999999999997 and 0.999999, respectively.
Asunto(s)
Dermatoglifia del ADN , Genética de Población , Repeticiones de Microsatélite/genética , Adulto , Bosnia y Herzegovina/epidemiología , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Dermatoglifia del ADN/métodos , Bases de Datos de Ácidos Nucleicos , Frecuencia de los Genes , Genética de Población/métodos , HumanosRESUMEN
The 15 AmpF lSTR Identifiler loci (D8S1179, D21S11, D7S820, CSF1PO, D3S1358, THO1, D13S317, D16S539, D2S1338, D19S433, VWA, TPOX, D18S51, D5S818 and FGA) were analyzed in a sample of 136 unrelated Albanian adults from Kosovo. The agreement with HWE was confirmed for all loci with the exception of TPOX (based on the exact test only). The combined power of discrimination (PD) and the combined power of exclusion (PE) for the 15 studied loci were 0.99999999999999997 and 0.9999995, respectively. According to the presented data, FGA proved to be the most informative marker. An interpopulation comparison between Kosovo Albanians and Croatians (as an example of a population from the Balkans) revealed significant differences in four out of nine loci.
Asunto(s)
Dermatoglifia del ADN , Genética de Población , Repeticiones de Microsatélite/genética , Adulto , Albania/etnología , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Dermatoglifia del ADN/métodos , Bases de Datos de Ácidos Nucleicos , Frecuencia de los Genes , Genética de Población/métodos , Humanos , Yugoslavia/epidemiologíaRESUMEN
The captive bolt gun (slaughterer's gun) is a tool used in the meat industry for "humane killing" of animals. Used with the intent of suicide, the captive bolt gun causes very serious injuries. We analysed 19 self-inflicted head injuries with captive bolt gun during the past 20 years. Autopsy of 20 pigs killed by this method was also performed. All 19 cases were middle-aged men from rural areas, with low level of education, and without a previous psychiatric history. Five of them used the captive bolt gun daily in their professional activities, while the remaining 14 handled it only sometimes. In seven cases suicide was primarily successful, while in five patients, despite intensive medical care, serious craniocerebral injuries eventually resulted in death. Total mortality was 63.2%. The clinical appearance of the entrance wound and the imaging characteristics of the cranial trauma are very specific, and can be easily differentiated from firearm or other penetrating injuries. These wounds were always primarily infected with mixed bacterial flora from the skin. Therefore, besides radical primary wound care, especially of the wound canal with removal of foreign bodies, it is important to administer high doses of wide spectrum antibiotics.
Asunto(s)
Medicina Legal/legislación & jurisprudencia , Traumatismos Penetrantes de la Cabeza/diagnóstico , Traumatismos Penetrantes de la Cabeza/epidemiología , Intento de Suicidio/legislación & jurisprudencia , Heridas por Arma de Fuego/diagnóstico , Heridas por Arma de Fuego/epidemiología , Mataderos , Adulto , Animales , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Traumatismos Penetrantes de la Cabeza/terapia , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estudios Retrospectivos , Porcinos , Índices de Gravedad del Trauma , Heridas por Arma de Fuego/terapiaRESUMEN
Austrian and Croatian Caucasian population data were generated for eight tetrameric STR loci amplified in a single multiplex reaction. Fluorescent detection was employed using the ABI Prism 310 Genetic Analyzer, the 377 DNA Sequencer (ABI) and the 373A DNA Sequencer (ABI). The loci analyzed were HUMvWFA31 (vWA), HUMTH01, HUMTPOX, HUMCSF1PO, D5S818, D13S317, D7S820 and D16S539 as part of the GenePrint PowerPlex multiplex system.
Asunto(s)
Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa/métodos , Secuencias Repetidas en Tándem/genética , Población Blanca/genética , Alelos , Austria , Croacia , Medicina Legal , Frecuencia de los Genes , Humanos , Espectrometría de FluorescenciaRESUMEN
The aim of this study was to analyse short tandem repeat (STR) variation using the data on nine loci (D3S1358, vWA, FGA, THO1, TPOX, CSF1PO, D5S818, D13S317, D7S820) in the populations from eight villages on the island of Korcula, Croatia, in order to analyse its genetic and population structure. The analysis of STR data in this study indicated an appreciable degree of genetic homogeneity among the studied village populations on the island, even though a so-called 'east-west dichotomy' and differentiation between the inhabitants of the most recent settlement and the remaining ones was indicated with respect to the loci CSF1PO and TPOX, respectively. The validity of STR markers in assessing genetic structure of small populations and especially in determining the relationships among geographically closely related but reproductively isolated groups remains to be further evaluated, especially in terms of a larger number of studied loci in order to possibly find specific markers useful for resolving genetic patterns of variability at regional levels.
Asunto(s)
Etnicidad/genética , Frecuencia de los Genes/genética , Marcadores Genéticos/genética , Variación Genética/genética , Repeticiones de Minisatélite/genética , Croacia , Emigración e Inmigración/estadística & datos numéricos , Etnicidad/estadística & datos numéricos , Análisis Factorial , Tamización de Portadores Genéticos , Genotipo , Geografía , Humanos , Modelos Lineales , Lingüística , Modelos Genéticos , Mutación/genética , Linaje , Reacción en Cadena de la PolimerasaRESUMEN
This paper reports the results and methods of dental identification of 1000 human remains exhumed from mass graves in Croatia up to July 1998. Personal identification of the victims was performed at the Department of Forensic Medicine and Criminology at the School of Medicine in Zagreb. A forensic odontologist participated in the identification process by carrying out the dental identification. A total of 824 victims were positively identified, while 176 victims remained unidentified. Dental identification based on available dental antemortem data was achieved in 25% of the cases. Dental identification based on dental charts was achieved in 35%, on x-rays in 15%, on photographs of teeth in 22%, on interviews in 18%, and on confirmation by odontologists in 10% of the cases. Teeth, in combination with anthropological parameters, age, sex and height, as well as other specific characteristics such as tattoos, personal identification cards, clothes, jewellery and DNA, were helpful for identification of 64% of the victims, but the significance for the identification was not dominant. Only in 11% of the cases was identification achieved by other relevant means and teeth not used at all. Identification procedures in Croatia will continue until another 1700 people who are still missing or kept as prisoners of war since the aggression on Croatia in 1991 are found and/or identified.
Asunto(s)
Odontología Forense/métodos , Guerra , Adolescente , Adulto , Determinación de la Edad por los Dientes , Anciano , Niño , Preescolar , Croacia , Dermatoglifia del ADN , Pulpa Dental/patología , Dentina/patología , Femenino , Antropología Forense , Derechos Humanos , Humanos , Lactante , Masculino , Persona de Mediana EdadRESUMEN
The aim of this study is to analyze short tandem repeat (STR) variation using data on 9 loci (D3S1358, VWA, FGA, THO1, TPOX, CSF1PO, D5S818, D13S317, D7S820) from the subpopulations of 6 villages on the island of Hvar, Croatia. The STR data help us to analyze the genetic structure of Hvar. The analysis of STR data in this study indicated genetic homogeneity among the village subpopulations on Hvar and the lack of the so-called east-west dichotomy, which had been indicated by some previous multidisciplinary anthropological studies. The observed value of GST (0.030) is most probably a consequence of high STR mutation rates, which produce a high level of within-group (village) diversity relative to total diversity of the population. The validity of STR markers in assessing genetic structure of small populations and especially in determining the relationships among closely related and reproductively isolated groups remains to be further evaluated.
Asunto(s)
Variación Genética , Genética de Población , Repeticiones de Minisatélite/genética , Polimorfismo Genético , Distribución de Chi-Cuadrado , Croacia , Femenino , Frecuencia de los Genes , Humanos , Masculino , Vigilancia de la Población , Reproducibilidad de los Resultados , Sensibilidad y EspecificidadRESUMEN
Successful implementations of radial-basis function (RBF) networks for classification tasks must deal with architectural issues, the burden of irrelevant attributes, scaling, and some other problems. This paper addresses these issues by initializing RBF networks with decision trees that define relatively pure regions in the instance space; each of these regions then determines one basis function. The resulting network is compact, easy to induce, and has favorable classification accuracy.
RESUMEN
Population studies were carried out on unrelated individuals of Croatian ancestry. Genomic DNA was amplified by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) at the polymorphic microsatellite loci HUMCD4 (n = 105 individuals) and HUMF13B (n = 108 individuals). After horizontal polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis followed by silver staining 6 alleles and 12 genotypes were observed for HUMCD4 and 6 alleles and 13 genotypes could be identified for HUMF13B. Data obtained were in concordance with the prediction of Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. The allele frequency data were compared with Austrian and Italian population samples and no significant deviations between these populations were observed.
Asunto(s)
Mapeo Cromosómico , Marcadores Genéticos/genética , Genética de Población , Polimorfismo Genético/genética , Secuencias Repetitivas de Ácidos Nucleicos/genética , Alelos , Croacia , Frecuencia de los Genes/genética , Tamización de Portadores Genéticos , Genotipo , Humanos , Repeticiones de Microsatélite/genética , Reacción en Cadena de la PolimerasaRESUMEN
Population genetic studies were carried out on Caucasians from north-west Croatia (Zagreb-area) using the short tandem repeat (STR) systems HumTHO1, HumVWA and HumACTBP2. After electrophoresis in PAG, 6 alleles could be identified for HumTHO1 in a sample size of 100 unrelated individuals and 7 alleles were found for VWA. For ACTBP2, 25 alleles have been identified. No significant deviations from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium could be observed.
Asunto(s)
Marcadores Genéticos/genética , Genética de Población , Secuencias Repetitivas de Ácidos Nucleicos/genética , Alelos , Croacia , Comparación Transcultural , Frecuencia de los Genes/genética , Humanos , Repeticiones de Minisatélite/genéticaRESUMEN
The genotype distributions for the short tandem repeat systems (STRs) HUMVWA and HUMTH01 have been studied in 128 unrelated Caucasians fromêAustria. The allelic distributions were in accordance with Hardy-Weinberg expectations. The heterozygosities were 0.82 and 0.81, whereas the mean exclusion chance was 0.62 and 0.55, respectively. In one person, a VWA-allele consisting of 11 repeats was found.
Asunto(s)
Frecuencia de los Genes/genética , Secuencias Repetitivas de Ácidos Nucleicos/genética , Población Blanca/genética , Austria , Población Negra/genética , Tamización de Portadores Genéticos , Genotipo , Alemania , Humanos , Paternidad , Fenotipo , Estados UnidosRESUMEN
The primary goal of this paper is to introduce the potential of artificial intelligence (AI) methods to researchers in sleep classification. AI provides learning procedures for the construction of a sleep classifier, prescribing how to combine the observed parameters and how to derive the corresponding decision thresholds. A case study reporting a successful application of an automatic induction of decision trees and of a learning vector quantizer to this domain is presented.
Asunto(s)
Inteligencia Artificial , Sueño , Automatización , Árboles de Decisión , HumanosRESUMEN
The paper addresses the problem of automatic sleep classification. A special effort is made to find a method of extracting reasonable descriptions of the individual sleep stages from sample measurements of EGG, EMG, EOG, etc., and from a classification of these measurements provided by an expert. The method should satisfy three requirements: classification accuracy, interpretability of the results, and the ability to select the relevant and discard the irrelevant variables. The solution suggested in this paper consists of a combination of the subsymbolic algorithm LVQ with the symbolic decision tree generator ID3. Results demonstrating the feasibility and utility of our approach are also presented.
Asunto(s)
Polisomnografía/clasificación , Procesamiento de Señales Asistido por Computador/instrumentación , Fases del Sueño/fisiología , Algoritmos , Sistemas Especialistas , Femenino , Humanos , Lactante , Masculino , Polisomnografía/instrumentación , Valores de Referencia , Sueño REM/fisiologíaRESUMEN
To make the chick embryo accessible to electrophysiological measurements in its mesonephric kidney during the period between embryonic days (e.d.) 5 and 10, a special "chick-embryo-incubation bath" was constructed. It consists of an aerated chamber covering the egg and maintaining the gas exchange across the shell, and of a warmed reservoir of the incubation medium, into which the embryo is pulled out of the egg through a window in the shell. The two compartments are separated with a rubber membrane tightly fitting to the edges of the shell-window. The incubation medium contains a modified Krebs-Henseleit-Ringer solution and anesthetic Tricaine (Sigma). Access to the mesonephric nephrons is achieved by surgical excision of the body wall on the right side performed at e.d. 5. On average only about 35 percent of the operated embryos survive till the third day after surgery but during the next two days a mortality rate recedes to zero. The tolerance of short-term survival of embryos placed in the incubation bath was tested for up to 4 1/2 h. It was very good in embryos of age 5 to 7 e.d. as assessed by a steady heart rate and the presence of arterio-venous differences. A modified differential amplifier containing circuits for frequency compensation of the two channels was used for high-fidelity registration of voltage changes in the embryonic nephron with a single double-barrel microelectrode.