Sialadenoma papilliferum of nasal cavity: case report.

OBJECTIVE: We report a rare case of sialadenoma papilliferum. METHOD: A case report of sialadenoma papilliferum is presented. RESULTS: A 67-year-old woman presented with recurrent epistaxis. She was found to have an exophytic, well circumscribed mass on the nasal septum mucosa. The lesion was completely excised. A diagnosis of sialadenoma papilliferum was made based on the characteristic histological pattern. Follow up showed no evidence of recurrence. Subsequently, the patient remained well without complaint of epistaxis. CONCLUSION: To our knowledge, this is the first report in the world literature of sialadenoma papilliferum of the nasal cavity. This case indicates that this rare tumour can present with epistaxis, and can be resolved by means of total excision.

The effect of pinealectomy on immune parameters in different age groups in rats: results of the weekly alteration of the zinc level and the effect of melatonin administration on wound healing.

It is generally accepted that the pineal gland is a neuroendocrine organ. Several recent experiments have shown that the pineal gland has functional and anatomic connections with many organs and systems, particularly with the immune system, and, therefore, the gland is now recognised as an important immunoneuroendocrine organ both in man and animals. The present study investigates the effect of pinealectomy on some immune parameters including zinc pool alterations and wound healing process in different age group in rats and also investigates the effect of melatonin administration on wound healing in different age groups. Experiments were performed on two different age groups of rats (neonatal and young). We have experimentally shown the induction of immune depression by pinealectomy and the restorative competence of melatonin administration in the present study. The results also showed that the plasma zinc level was significantly reduced in the third week after the pinealectomy particularly in pinealectomised neonatal rats and the wound healing process affected only in pinealectomised neonatal rats but restored to normal by melatonin administration. In view of these data, as described previously, the pineal gland has a main regulatory function in immune physiology, but our study indicates that only neonatal immune functions are significantly affected by pinealectomy.

Can sensitivity of voided urinary cytology or bladder wash cytology be improved by the use of different urinary portions?

OBJECTIVE: To improve sensitivity by using different portions of voided urine cytology (VUC) and bladder wash material cytology (BWC). MATERIALS AND METHODS: 52 patients with biopsy-proven superficial transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) of the bladder were studied. Voided urine specimens were divided into a first stream, mid-stream and terminal stream. Bladder wash material was also divided into a first portion, mid-portion and last portion. All portions were investigated for cytology abnormalities. RESULTS: Sensitivity for the detection of malignant cells was 34.6, 38.5 and 38.5% for the first, mid- and terminal stream of VUC and 34.6, 38.5 and 34.6% for the first, mid- and last portion of BWC, respectively. The sensitivity of VUC was 20-25% for grade I, 30-40% for grade II, and 50-75% for grade III tumors, respectively. The sensitivity of BWC was 25% for grade I, 35-45% for grade II, and 33-50% for grade III tumors, respectively. There was no statistical significant difference for sensitivities between either grades (p = 0.06) or portions or streams (p = 0.3) of VUC and BWC. CONCLUSIONS: In this small group of patients, we did not find any significant difference, but we found highest sensitivity in grade III tumors with the terminal portion of the voided urine when compared to other portions of VUC. Therefore, we believe that further study in a large series is necessary to investigate this approach of differentiated BWC and especially VUC.

Choroid plexus papillomas of the posterior fossa: extraventricular extension, intraventricular and primary extraventricular location. Report of four cases.

Four cases of Choroid Plexus Papilloma (CPP) of the posterior fossa are presented. Two cases had extraventricular extension from the fourth ventricle to the Cerebellopontine Angle (CPA) through the foramen of Luschka, in one the CPP was located primarily in the CPA and the fourth case was only in the fourth ventricle. CPP are rare tumours of the Central Nervous System and primary extraventricular location is extremely rare. We know that primary location in the extraventricular and intraventricular regions and extraventricular extension have different pathological mechanisms. The main purpose of this paper is to discuss and review some possible explanations for these mechanisms.

Metastatic choriocarcinoma in the thoracic extradural space: case report.

A case is reported of a 44-year old woman with metastatic choriocarcinoma of the thoracic extradural space causing paraplegia. Spinal cord compression due to an extradural deposit is an emergency in neurosurgical practice. The majority of these lesions are metastatic. To our knowledge choriocarcinoma metastases and extradural cord compression in the spinal canal is the first case reported in the neurosurgical literature.

The value of cavernous body biopsy in evaluating of impotent men.

Rapid advances in the basic understanding of the anatomy, physiology and pharmacology of penile erection have drastically changed the clinical approach to patients with erectile dysfunction. To evaluate the value of microscopic architecture of the corpora cavernosa, we examined cavernous body biopsies taken during penile prosthesis implants. We studied on 12 impotent patients 25 to 67 years old who underwent implantation of a penile prosthesis. The biopsy was stained with H&E (Hematoxylin and Eosin) for general architecture, Masson Trichrome for collagen distribution and EVG for elastic fibers. Except 3 cases no pathological changes were determined at H&E staining. At collagen staining, roughly increased collagen distribution was determined in all cases. There were no appreciable differences in distribution of elastic fibers. In conclusion our data demonstrate that cavernous body biopsy is of limited value to determine etiologic factors in patients with erectile dysfunction.

Effects of octreotide and a-tocopherol on bacterial translocation in experimental intestinal obstruction: a microbiological, light and electronmicroscopical study.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Bacterial translocation induced by intestinal obstruction is suggested to be due to increased intestinal luminal volume, leading to intestinal overgrowth with certain enteric microorganisms and intestinal mucosal damage. If this suggestion is true, maintenance of intestinal mucosal integrity by a cytoprotective agent, a-tocopherol, and inhibition of gastrointestinal secretions by octreotide should decrease the incidence of bacterial translocation and extent of mucosal injury due to intestinal obstruction. METHODS: Complete intestinal obstruction was created in the distal ileum of male Wistar Albino rats by a single 3-0 silk suture. The animals received subcutaneous injections of 1 ml of physiologic saline (group 1) (PS 24) and 1 ml of saline containing octreotide acetate (100 micrograms/kg) (group 2) (OC 24), at 0, 12 and 24 hours of obstruction. In group 3 (PS 48) and group 4 (OC 48), the rats were treated with subcutaneous physiologic saline (1 ml) and octreotide acetate (100 micrograms/kg), respectively, beginning at the time of obstruction and every 12 hours for 48 hours. The rats in group 5 (Toc 24), were pretreated with intramuscular a-tocopherol 500 mg/kg on day 1 and 8, and underwent laparotomy on day 9. A third dose of a-tocopherol was injected at the time of obstruction on day 9 and no treatment was given thereafter. We tested the incidence of bacterial translocation in systemic organs and circulation and evaluated the histopathological changes in all groups. RESULTS: Treatment with octreotide acetate was found to be ineffective in reducing the incidence of translocation, with no histopathological improvement. Mucosal damage scores, on the other hand, in the a-tocopherol group were statistically less than those in the octreotide and control groups (p < 0.05). Additionally, a-tocopherol treatment decreased the incidence of organ invasion with translocating bacteria, although this difference did not reach statistical significance. CONCLUSION: Octreotide acetate treatment in complete intestinal obstruction has no effect on the incidence of bacterial translocation. a-Tocopherol, on the other hand, has a cytoprotective effect on intestinal mucosa in intestinal obstruction which, in turn, is thought to decrease bacterial translocation when used in physiological doses and prophylactically.

Esthesioneuroblastoma in a young child.

Esthesioneuroblastoma is an uncommon malignant neoplasm that arises from olfactory mucosa, often with intracranial extension. A case report of the youngest victim in the literature (2-year-old boy) is presented.

Metastatic carcinoma of the gallbladder due to renal cell carcinoma in the ectopic kidney.

We report a rare case of secondary involvement of the gallbladder by metastatic renal cell carcinoma originating from ectopic kidney. The first diagnosis of the patient is a gallbladder carcinoma due to a polypoid mass within the gallbladder. The preoperative examinations revealed that there was also a synchronous renal cell carcinoma. The histopathologic examination of the polypoid mass and kidney after operation revealed the resected polypoid mass to be metastasis of renal cell carcinoma.